Réflexions Sur Les Variations Pluviométriques De La Région De Tiaret (Algérie Occidentale) Durant La Période 1984 – 2015

The analysis of rainfall is offered over a period of thirty-two years of measurement. This study based on the calculation of a number of indices has to account for the extreme variability of rainfall in the region of Tiaret (western Algeria). It also shows the severe and lasting climate of drought observed in this region from 1984 to 2002. It also highlights the return to a wet phase recorded from 2003 to 2014. The year 2015 has been quite deficient in rainfall. Is it the beginning of a new period of drought

RÉHABILITATION PAR l’ATRIPLEX DES PARCOURS STEPPIQUES DU SUD DE LA PREFECTURE DE SAÏDA (ALGERIE OCCIDENTALE)

Algerian steppe area subject to desertification is crowded with sheep population. Overgrazing is one of the causes of desertification of steppe rangelands. It is one of the phenomena preventing the reconstitution of steppe rangelands. Long periods of drought and sedentary herds have weakened the regeneration of steppe rangelands. A new approach is proposed for the rehabilitation of degraded grassland ranges with Atriplex canescens. This is a promising approach for rangeland rehabilitation suffering from overuse. Atriplex canescens, famous for its high forage value, is highly valued by sheep. The use of rehabilitated, with a mode of rotational grazing or controlled grazing (set off) pathways is a form of struggle against the exploitation and thus desertification. This study reveals the successful rehabilitation of degraded grassland ranges

Mobilite Du Plomb Et Du Zinc Issus De Retombees Atmospheriques Dans Le Sol : Cas De La Zone Industrielle De Tiaret, Algerie

Study of heavy metals mobility in soil is a necessary step for making an accurate appraisal and quantitative evaluation of the extent of contamination, indeed, wet and dry atmospheric deposits, plays an important role in the cycle of semi-volatile contaminants (Vinogradova, 2000). Metallurgical industries release heavy metals into the atmosphere, these last, clump together to form fines particles suspended in the air, these metals can be transported by wind via aerosol or aqueous pathway and deposited in the soil. The main aim of this work was to study the mobility and fate of lead and zinc from atmospheric deposits in a contaminated soil from the foundry (ALFET) in the industrial zone of Tiaret (Western Algeria) and to determine the effect of physicochemical parameters of the soil on their mobility in the topsoil. The physicochemical analysis of soil samples have shown that zinc and lead levels contents in the surface layer soil (0-30cm) vary depending on the pH, total limestone (CaCO3). The obtained results clearly show the major effect of soil texture, the fine fraction (clay and sand)

BIO-SURVEILLANCE DES METAUX LOURDS (PB, ZN, CU) A LA SORTIE DE LA STATION D’EPURATION DE TIARET (ALGERIE) AU MOYEN DES VEGETAUX AQUATIQUES: PLANTE LEMNA MINOR, ALGUE SPYROGYRA LINK SP ET BROYOPHYTE FONTINALIS ANTIPYRETICA

An original device has been developped and valided to monitor water quality with aquatic plants at the exit of wastewater treatment with plants in ain bouchakifin tiaret (algeria). This device or « bio-station » has provided first particularly interesting results: the selected bio-indicator plants (lemna minor ,spyrogyra link sp and fontinalis antipyretica) are able on one hand to grow in the effluents with a significant accumulation of heavy metals, and on the other hand to detect these micro-pollutants even when they are undectable in effluents. The results obtained during this study, have revealed severe contamination of purified wastewater with heavy metals specially lead, zinc and copper, the values recorded for pb are 29,17 ± 25,66 ug/g (spyrogyra link sp), 48,43 ± 39,07 ug/g (fontinalis antipyretica) et 16,78 ± 12,37 ug/g (lemna minor). The highest values were observed for copper and zinc accumulated by these plants for copper are: 275,93 ± 235,20 μg/g, 416,52 ± 285,88 ug/g and 213,92 ± 137,07 ug/g respectively. By against, the concentrations recorded for zinc are 917,04 ± 654,40 ug/g , 1040,48 ± 848,34 ug/g and 545 ± 368,76 g/g respectively. It therefore appears that a "bio-station" equipped sentinel plants sentinel can be an efficient and economical complementary device for continuously monitoring contamination waste water from treatment plants prior to their arrival at the dams

QUANTIFICATION DE L’EMISSION DE PLOMB DANS LE MILIEU URBAIN DE SIDI BEL’ ABBES (ALGERIE OCCIDENTALE)

Quantification of lead emissions in the urban environment of Sidi Bel'Abbes (Western Algeria) is performed by the use of fronds Xanthoria parietina ( L.). Exposure of lichen thallus for a period of 30 days, was used to measure the concentrations of airborne lead in two seasons. Summer season was characterized by high concentrations of the order of 10.66 ± 2.08 ppm. Winter is the season against is characterized by low values of the order of 1.30 ± 0.10 ppm. The differences in the concentrations of airborne lead between and within seasons are due to the weather conditions, the unequal distribution of traffic and the presence of steep slopes in some neighborhoods. The rainy and windy seasons tend to reduce air pollution while the dense traffic and steep slopes only increase lead levels emitted by vehicles

BIO-SURVEILLANCE DES METAUX LOURDS (PB, ZN, CU) A LA SORTIE DE LA STATION D’EPURATION DE TIARET (ALGERIE) AU MOYEN DES VEGETAUX AQUATIQUES: PLANTE LEMNA MINOR, ALGUE SPYROGYRA LINK SP ET BROYOPHYTE FONTINALIS ANTIPYRETICA

An original device has been developped and valided to monitor water quality with aquatic plants at the exit of wastewater treatment with plants in ain bouchakifin tiaret (algeria). This device or « bio-station » has provided first particularly interesting results: the selected bio-indicator plants (lemna minor ,spyrogyra link sp and fontinalis antipyretica) are able on one hand to grow in the effluents with a significant accumulation of heavy metals, and on the other hand to detect these micro-pollutants even when they are undectable in effluents. The results obtained during this study, have revealed severe contamination of purified wastewater with heavy metals specially lead, zinc and copper, the values recorded for pb are 29,17 ± 25,66 ug/g (spyrogyra link sp), 48,43 ± 39,07 ug/g (fontinalis antipyretica) et 16,78 ± 12,37 ug/g (lemna minor). The highest values were observed for copper and zinc accumulated by these plants for copper are: 275,93 ± 235,20 μg/g, 416,52 ± 285,88 ug/g and 213,92 ± 137,07 ug/g respectively. By against, the concentrations recorded for zinc are 917,04 ± 654,40 ug/g , 1040,48 ± 848,34 ug/g and 545 ± 368,76 g/g respectively. It therefore appears that a "bio-station" equipped sentinel plants sentinel can be an efficient and economical complementary device for continuously monitoring contamination waste water from treatment plants prior to their arrival at the dams

Quantification de la pollution atmospherique dans le milieu urbain de Sidi Bel’Abbes (Algerie Occidentale)

The air pollution is now a very complex environmental problem locally and globally. Quantification of this pollution is possible by plant species tree.The use of plant species tree is used to quantify airborne contamination of heavy metals due to traffic. Analyses of the leaves of oriental plane tree (Platanus orientalis) and carob (Ceratonia siliqua) have made possible the mapping of sites polluted by the three heavy metals (Pb, Zn, Cu) from the city of Sidi Bel Abbe (West Algeria). High concentrations of lead and zinc recorded in sixteen sampling sites are in close relationship with a very dense traffic and fleet age. Lead, zinc and copper, the main metal pollutants are coming from the exhaust gas, the wear of brake linings, tires and corrosion of crash barriers.La pollution atmosphérique constitue aujourd’hui un problème environnemental très complexe à l’échelle locale et planétaire. La quantification de cette pollution est possible par des espèces végétales arborescentes. L’utilisation des espèces végétales arborescentes a permis de quantifier la contamination aérienne en métaux lourds due au trafic routier. Les analyses des feuilles du platane d’orient (Platanus orientalis) et du caroubier (Ceratonia siliqua) ont rendu possible la cartographie des sites pollués par les trois métaux lourds (Pb, Zn, Cu) de la ville de Sidi Bel’ Abbes (Ouest Algérien). Les concentrations élevées en plomb et en zinc enregistrées dans seize sites de prélèvement sont en étroite relation avec un trafic routier très dense et un parc automobile vieillissant. Le plomb, le zinc et le cuivre, principaux polluants métalliques, sont issus des gaz d'échappement, de l'usure des garnitures de freins, des pneumatiques et de la corrosion des glissières de sécurité