2,083 research outputs found
Conditional transfer of quantum correlation in the intensity of twin beams
A conditional protocol of transferring quantum-correlation in continuous
variable regime was experimentally demonstrated. The quantum-correlation in two
pairs of twin beams, each characterized by intensity-difference squeezing of
7.0 dB, was transferred to two initially independent idler beams. The
quantum-correlation transfer resulted in intensity-difference squeezing of 4.0
dB between two idler beams. The dependence of preparation probability and
transfer fidellity on the selection bandwidth was also studied.Comment: 5 pages, submitte
Search for Lepton Flavor Violating Tau Decays into Three Leptons with 719 Million Produced Tau+Tau- Pairs
We present a search for lepton-flavor-violating tau decays into three leptons
(electrons or muons) using 782 fb^-1 of data collected with the Belle detector
at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e+e- collider. No evidence for these decays is
observed and we set 90% confidence level upper limits on the branching
fractions between 1.5 x 10^-8 and 2.7 x 10^-8.Comment: 13 pages, 7 figure
The radiative lepton flavor violating decays in the split fermion scenario in the two Higgs doublet model
We study the branching ratios of the lepton flavor violating processes \mu ->
e \gamma, \tau -> e \gamma and \tau -> \mu\gamma in the split fermion scenario,
in the framework of the two Higgs doublet model. We observe that the branching
ratios are relatively more sensitive to the compactification scale and the
Gaussian widths of the leptons in the extra dimensions, for two extra
dimensions and especially for the \tau -> \mu \gamma decay.Comment: 19 pages, 7 Figure
A New Noncommutative Product on the Fuzzy Two-Sphere Corresponding to the Unitary Representation of SU(2) and the Seiberg-Witten Map
We obtain a new explicit expression for the noncommutative (star) product on
the fuzzy two-sphere which yields a unitary representation. This is done by
constructing a star product, , for an arbitrary representation
of SU(2) which depends on a continuous parameter and searching for
the values of which give unitary representations. We will find two
series of values: and
, where j is the spin of the representation
of SU(2). At the new star product
has poles. To avoid the singularity the functions on the sphere must be
spherical harmonics of order and then reduces
to the star product obtained by Preusnajder. The star product at
, to be denoted by , is new. In this case the
functions on the fuzzy sphere do not need to be spherical harmonics of order
. Because in this case there is no cutoff on the order of
spherical harmonics, the degrees of freedom of the gauge fields on the fuzzy
sphere coincide with those on the commutative sphere. Therefore, although the
field theory on the fuzzy sphere is a system with finite degrees of freedom, we
can expect the existence of the Seiberg-Witten map between the noncommutative
and commutative descriptions of the gauge theory on the sphere. We will derive
the first few terms of the Seiberg-Witten map for the U(1) gauge theory on the
fuzzy sphere by using power expansion around the commutative point .Comment: 15 pages, typos corrected, references added, a note adde
Exponential Random Graph Modeling for Complex Brain Networks
Exponential random graph models (ERGMs), also known as p* models, have been
utilized extensively in the social science literature to study complex networks
and how their global structure depends on underlying structural components.
However, the literature on their use in biological networks (especially brain
networks) has remained sparse. Descriptive models based on a specific feature
of the graph (clustering coefficient, degree distribution, etc.) have dominated
connectivity research in neuroscience. Corresponding generative models have
been developed to reproduce one of these features. However, the complexity
inherent in whole-brain network data necessitates the development and use of
tools that allow the systematic exploration of several features simultaneously
and how they interact to form the global network architecture. ERGMs provide a
statistically principled approach to the assessment of how a set of interacting
local brain network features gives rise to the global structure. We illustrate
the utility of ERGMs for modeling, analyzing, and simulating complex
whole-brain networks with network data from normal subjects. We also provide a
foundation for the selection of important local features through the
implementation and assessment of three selection approaches: a traditional
p-value based backward selection approach, an information criterion approach
(AIC), and a graphical goodness of fit (GOF) approach. The graphical GOF
approach serves as the best method given the scientific interest in being able
to capture and reproduce the structure of fitted brain networks
Reductions of docosahexaenoic acid-containing phosphatidylcholine levels in the anterior horn of an ALS mouse model
AbstractIn this study, we analyzed the spatiotemporal alterations of phospholipid composition in the spinal cord of an amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) mouse model (G93A-mutated human superoxide dismutase 1 transgenic mice [SOD1G93A mice]) using imaging mass spectrometry (IMS), a powerful method to visualize spatial distributions of various types of molecules in situ. Using this technique, we deciphered the phospholipid distribution in the pre-symptomatic stage, early stage after disease onset, and terminal stages of disease in female SOD1G93A mouse spinal cords. These experiments revealed a significant decrease in levels of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-containing phosphatidylcholines (PCs), such as PC (diacyl-16:0/22:6), PC (diacyl-18:0/22:6), and PC (diacyl-18:1/22:6) in the L5 anterior horns of terminal stage (22-week-old) SOD1G93A mice. The reduction in PC (diacyl-16:0/22:6) level could be reflecting the loss of motor neurons themselves in the anterior horn of the spinal cord in ALS model mice. In contrast, other PCs, such as PC (diacyl-16:0/16:0), were observed specifically in the L5 dorsal horn gray matter, and their levels did not vary between ALS model mice and controls. Thus, our study showed a significant decrease in DHA-containing PCs, but not other PCs, in the terminal stage of ALS in model mice, which is likely to be a reflection of neuronal loss in the anterior horns of the spinal cords. Given its enrichment in dorsal sensory regions, the preservation of PC (diacyl-16:0/16:0) may be the result of spinal sensory neurons being unaffected in ALS. Taken together, these findings suggest that ALS spinal cords show significant alterations in PC metabolism only at the terminal stage of the disease, and that these changes are confined to specific anatomical regions and cell types
Testing new physics with the electron g-2
We argue that the anomalous magnetic moment of the electron (a_e) can be used
to probe new physics. We show that the present bound on new-physics
contributions to a_e is 8*10^-13, but the sensitivity can be improved by about
an order of magnitude with new measurements of a_e and more refined
determinations of alpha in atomic-physics experiments. Tests on new-physics
effects in a_e can play a crucial role in the interpretation of the observed
discrepancy in the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon (a_mu). In a large
class of models, new contributions to magnetic moments scale with the square of
lepton masses and thus the anomaly in a_mu suggests a new-physics effect in a_e
of (0.7 +- 0.2)*10^-13. We also present examples of new-physics theories in
which this scaling is violated and larger effects in a_e are expected. In such
models the value of a_e is correlated with specific predictions for processes
with violation of lepton number or lepton universality, and with the electric
dipole moment of the electron.Comment: 34 pages, 7 figures. Minor changes and references adde
Study of the Baryon-Antibaryon Low-Mass Enhancements in Charmless Three-body Baryonic B Decays
The angular distributions of the baryon-antibaryon low-mass enhancements seen
in the charmless three-body baryonic B decays B+ -> p pbar K+, B0 -> p pbar Ks,
and B0 -> p Lambdabar pi- are reported. A quark fragmentation interpretation is
supported, while the gluonic resonance picture is disfavored. Searches for the
Theta+ and Theta++ pentaquarks in the relevant decay modes and possible
glueball states G with 2.2 GeV/c2 < M-ppbar < 2.4 GeV/c2 in the ppbar systems
give null results. We set upper limits on the products of branching fractions,
B(B0 -> Theta+ p)\times B(Theta+ -> p Ks) Theta++
pbar) \times B(Theta++ -> p K+) G K+) \times
B(G -> p pbar) < 4.1 \times 10^{-7} at the 90% confidence level. The analysis
is based on a 140 fb^{-1} data sample recorded on the Upsilon(4S) resonance
with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e+e- collider.Comment: 14 pages, 13 figure files, update of hep-ex/0409010 for journal
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