Prevalencija i kontrola termotolerantnih Campylobacter spp. u svježem mesu peradi u Maroku

The prevalence of thermo-tolerant Campylobacter spp. was investigated in the raw poultry meat freshly slaughtered and retailed in Oujda area (Morocco). The results showed a high level of contamination of 62% of the meat samples analysed. The identifi cation of the isolates showed the dominance of Campylobacter jejuni over Campylobacter coli, with frequencies of 90% and 10%, respectively. Some natural condiments, traditionally used in food preparations in Morocco, were tested for their antimicrobial activity on some isolates of C. jejuni and C. coli. Some of these condiments, including cinnamon, lemon juice, vinegar and sodium chloride showed a high inhibitory effect. While the others, including onion, lemon pH7, ginger, red and black peppers, cumin, garlic, parsley, coriander and saffron showed a slight or no inhibitory effect. The MICs of the most effective condiments were measured, and their in-vivo activity on fresh poultry meat, previously inoculated with Campylobacter cells, was evaluated. The results showed a high effectiveness of 1% (v/v) of lemon juice and vinegar and 2% (w/v) of cinnamon and sodium chloride in decontaminating the inoculated poultry meat, indicated by the elimination of Campylobacter cells to the undetectable level after 2 hours of inoculation.Prevalencija termo-tolerantnih Campylobacter spp ispitana je u sirovom mesu peradi neposredno nakon klanja i stavljanja u promet u području Oujda (Maroko). Rezultati su pokazali visok stupanj kontaminiranosti u 62% analiziranih uzoraka mesa. Identifikacija izolata pokazala je dominaciju Campylobacter jejuni nad Campylobacter coli, uz učestalost od 90% odnosno 10%. Ispitano je antimikrobijsko djelovanje nekih prirodnih začina, koji se tradicionalno koriste u pripremi hrane u Maroku, na neke izolirane sojeve vrste C.jejuni i C.coli. Pokazalo se da neki od tih začina, uključivši cimet, sok limuna, ocat i natrijev klorid, imaju snažan inhibitorni učinak. Nasuprot tome, neki drugi začini kao što su luk, limun s pH7, đumbir, crveni i crni papar, kumin, češnjak, peršin, korijander i šafran imaju slab ili nikakav inhibitorni učinak. Određene su minimalne inhibitorne koncentracije najdjelotvornijih začina, te je procijenjeno njihovo invivo djelovanje na svježe meso peradi, koje je prethodno inokulirano bakterijom. Dobiveni rezultati su pokazali značajnu djelotvornost od 1% (v/v) limunovog soka i octa, odnosno 2% (t/v) cimeta i natrijevog klorida na dekontaminaciju inokuliranog mesa peradi, a što je bilo vidljivo iz eliminacije stanica bakterija do nemjerljive razine 2 sata nakon inokulacije

Market reaction to international listing: Case of African companies listed on the London Stock Exchange

This article examines the market reaction to dual stock listing. Little attention is given to African companies listed on international markets, which are the subject of our study. The sample consists of only twelve (12) African companies from five different countries that are simultaneously listed on their home stock exchanges and the "main market" of the London Stock Exchange. Using an event study methodology, which involves estimating the so-called "normal" profitability and abnormal profitability, the study assesses a market model for each company in our sample using daily returns and a market-capitalization-weighted index for each country's market. The market model parameters are initially estimated for the period before the event, ranging from -240 days to -30 days with an estimation window of 61 days (-30 days, +30 days) around the IPO date, including the event day (j0). The effect of foreign listing on the home market remains positive and significant, explained by a legal framework offering better protection and a broader shareholder base. Simultaneously, foreign listing is considered a positive initiative for the selected companies and their shareholders overall. In conclusion, the stock price reaction is linked to the choice of the stock exchange and the economic situation of the host country. Keywords: foreign listing, emerging market, market reaction, stock prices, stock profitability, abnormal profitability. JEL Classification: M13, M15, O32 Type of article: Empirical ResearchCet article examine la réaction du marché à la double cotation boursière. En effet, peu d’attention est accordée aux entreprises africaines cotées sur les marchés internationaux qui font l’objet de notre étude. L'échantillon se compose des seules douze (12) entreprises africaines de cinq pays différents qui sont cotées simultanément à leur Bourses d’origine et au « marché principal » de la bourse Britannique. L’échantillon est identifié à partir de la base des données Bloomberg. À l’aide de la méthodologie d’étude d’événement qui consiste à estimer la rentabilité dite « normale » et la rentabilité anormale, l'étude estime un modèle de marché pour chaque entreprise de notre échantillon en utilisant des rendements journaliers et un indice pondéré par la capitalisation boursière pour le marché de chaque pays. Les paramètres du modèle de marché sont d'abord estimés pour la période avant l’événement et allant de -240 jours à -30 jours avec une fenêtre d’estimation de 61 jours (-30j, +30j) autour de la date d’introduction en bourse incluant le jour de l’événement j0. L’effet de la cotation étrangère sur le marché d’origine reste positif et significatif, expliqué par un cadre juridique offrant une meilleure protection et une base d’actionnaire plus large. Parallèlement, la cotation étrangère est considérée comme une bonne initiative pour les sociétés sélectionnées et leurs actionnaires en général. Pour conclure, la réaction du cours des actions est liée au choix de la bourse et à la situation économique du pays d’accueil.   Mots clés : cotation étrangère, marché émergent, cours boursiers, modèle de marché, rentabilité anormale. Classification JEL : M13, M15, O32 Type de l’article : Etude empiriqu

La relation entre la divulgation de l'information volontaire et la performance boursière : revue de littérature

<p><strong>Résumé : </strong></p><p>Ce travail vise à présenter une revue de littérature qui se focalise sur l'axe central de notre recherche, à savoir la communication financière volontaire des entreprises cotées et son impact sur la performance boursière, elle reste toujours un sujet d'actualité qui a suscité l'intérêt de plusieurs chercheurs, en effet, la divulgation de l'information financière volontaire reste comme un complément de l'information obligatoire aux yeux des acteurs économiques. Une stratégie de communication périodique et volontaire qui va au-delà des contraintes légales permet d'augmenter le capital confiance des agents économiques, séduire les intervenants sur le marché financier et contribue à la création de la valeur. Cet article propose une synthèse des recherches menées sur le thème de l'information financière volontaire et sa relation avec la performance boursière. </p><p><strong>Mots-clés : Communication financière, Information volontaire, Performance boursière. </strong></p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstract: </strong></p><p>This work aims to provide a literature review that focuses on the central axis of our research, namely the voluntary financial communication of listed companies and its impact on stock market performance. This remains a relevant topic that has attracted the interest of several researchers. Indeed, the disclosure of voluntary financial information is seen as a complement to mandatory information in the eyes of economic stakeholders. A periodic and voluntary communication strategy that goes beyond legal constraints can enhance the trust of economic agents, attract market participants, and contribute to value creation. This article offers a synthesis of research conducted on the theme of voluntary financial information and its relationship with stock market performance.</p><p><strong>Keywords: Financial communication, Voluntary information, Stock market performance</strong></p><p> </p><p> </p&gt

Assessment of the Transfer of Trace Metals to Spontaneous Plants on Abandoned Pyrrhotite Mine: Potential Application for Phytostabilization of Phosphate Wastes

The abandoned Kettara pyrrhotite mine (Marrakech region, Morocco) is a real source of acid mine drainage (AMD) and heavy metal pollution from previous mining operations—which has spread, particularly because of wind erosion. A store-and-release cover system made of phosphate wastes was built on the site for preventing AMD. To ensure the integrity of this cover and its durability, it is desirable to revegetate it (phytostabilization) with plants adapted to the edaphoclimatic conditions of the region. In this paper, a study was carried out on the spontaneous vegetation around the phosphate cover in order to consider the selection of plants to promote the stabilization of the Kettara mine tailings pond. Nine species of native plants with their rhizospheric soils growing in agricultural soils and tailings from the Kettara mine were collected, and metals (As, Cd, Co, Cu, Pb, Zn, Ni, Cr) were analyzed. The soil analysis showed that the tailings contained high concentrations of Cu (177.64 mg/kg) and Pb (116.80 mg/kg) and that the agricultural soil contained high concentrations of As (25.07 mg/kg) and Cu (251.96 mg/kg) exceeding the toxicity level (Cu > 100 mg/kg, Pb > 100 mg/kg, As > 20 mg/kg). The plant analysis showed low trace metal accumulation in Scolymus hispanicus, Festuca ovina, Cleome brachycarpa, Carlina involucrata and Peganum harmala. These species had a bioconcentration factor (BCF) greater than 1 and a translocation factor (TF) less than 1, demonstrating a high tolerance to trace metals. Therefore, they are good candidates for use in the phytoremediation of the Kettara mine tailings. These species could also potentially be used for the phytostabilization of the phosphate waste cover of the Kettara mine, thus completing the rehabilitation process of this area