Determinants of Household Food Insecurity in Developing Countries Evidences From a Probit Model for the Case of Rural Households in Rwanda

This study uses probit model to identify determinants of food insecurity among rural households in developing countries. The model used in this study, that allowed us to estimate coefficient and marginal effect for each independent variable vis-à-vis dependent variable, guarantees large applications among food security actors and policymakers to find out factors that significantly explain food insecurity and the level of their predictability. The ability of the model used to correctly classify food insecure and food secure households is good for the overall model and for households headed by males while it is fair for households headed by females. The empirical results show that rural households are more exposed to food insecurity than urban households. Gender disaggregation by the head of households shows that among food insecure rural households, the majority of them are headed by females. It also shows that the mean and median of predicted probability of becoming food insecure among rural households headed by males and females is 0.21 and 0.28 for mean and 0.15 and 0.24 for median respectively. This indicates that households headed by females are more likely exposed to food insecurity than those headed by males. However, as the majority of rural households in developing countries depend on agriculture, this study found that it is worthwhile for developing countries to adopt new agricultural technologies to urgently increase productivity and to implement and facilitate programs supporting rural households pathways to increase households’ livelihood capacities

Policy Reforms and Rural Livelihoods Sustainability: Challenges and Opportunities - Empirical Evidence from the Adoption of Land Use Consolidation (LUC) Policy in Rwanda.

In this study, descriptive statistics are used to find-out where households that have already adopted Land Use Consolidation (LUC) more rely for food acquisition. Pooled OLS is mobilized to identify the level of magnitude LUC's outcomes affect food security at household level. Lorenz curve and Gini Index are used to find out how household’s income is distributed among households in LUC. Finally, Probit regression model is applied to identify and understand factors that determine a household's level of satisfaction when in LUC. First, the results of this study suggest that the majority of households (about 84%) in LUC have acceptable food consumption score. Second, it shows that households in LUC are more reliant to market for food acquisition and about 72% of food is acquired from the market. Third, it estimates elasticity of crop yield, extension services and expenditure on food items on household's food consumption score to be about 46%, 26% and 13% respectively. Fourth, it demonstrates that income from agricultural production is more inequitably distributed among those households and estimates a Gini Index of 0.69 and 0.52 for the distribution of income from agricultural and household's total income respectively. Finally, it shows that the majority of households (about 62%) in LUC are highly satisfied with the adoption of LUC with a probability of satisfaction higher than 0.7. Moreover, it shows that households headed by females are more satisfied with LUC adoption than those headed by males. In addition, the satisfaction variability is more predictable in households headed by males.JRC.D.5-Food Securit

Communiqué de presse N0 0011/BCR/96:Appel à la mobilisation au retour.

Document collected by the University of Texas Libraries from the web-site of the Reseau Documentaire International Sur La Region Des Grands Lacs Africains (International Documentation Network on the Great African Lakes Region). The Reseau distributes "gray literature", non-published or limited distribution government or NGO documents regarding the Great Lakes area of central Africa including Rwanda, Burundi, and the Democratic Republic of Congo.UT Librarie

Communiqué de presse N0 003/S.C.R.E/BC/96: La Communauté Internationale face au rapatriement par contrainte dit ''CIBLES DES REFUGIES RWANDAIS''.

Document collected by the University of Texas Libraries from the web-site of the Reseau Documentaire International Sur La Region Des Grands Lacs Africains (International Documentation Network on the Great African Lakes Region). The Reseau distributes "gray literature", non-published or limited distribution government or NGO documents regarding the Great Lakes area of central Africa including Rwanda, Burundi, and the Democratic Republic of Congo.UT Librarie

Communiqué de presse N0 007/SCRE/BC/96: Les réfugiés Rwandais disent NON à la sédentarisation.

Document collected by the University of Texas Libraries from the web-site of the Reseau Documentaire International Sur La Region Des Grands Lacs Africains (International Documentation Network on the Great African Lakes Region). The Reseau distributes "gray literature", non-published or limited distribution government or NGO documents regarding the Great Lakes area of central Africa including Rwanda, Burundi, and the Democratic Republic of Congo.UT Librarie

Communiqué de presse N0 010/SCRE/BC/96:La Société Civile Rwandaise en Exil attire l'attention de la Table Ronde de Genève.

Document collected by the University of Texas Libraries from the web-site of the Reseau Documentaire International Sur La Region Des Grands Lacs Africains (International Documentation Network on the Great African Lakes Region). The Reseau distributes "gray literature", non-published or limited distribution government or NGO documents regarding the Great Lakes area of central Africa including Rwanda, Burundi, and the Democratic Republic of Congo.UT Librarie

A validated method for quantifying hypoglycin A in whole blood by UHPLC-HRMS/MS.

Hypoglycin A (HGA) is the toxic principle in ackee (Blighia sapida Koenig), a nutritious and readily available fruit which is a staple of the Jamaican working-class and rural population. The aril of the unripe fruit has high concentrations of HGA, the cause of Jamaican vomiting sickness, which is very often fatal. HGA is also present in the samara of several species of maple (Acer spp.) which are suspected to cause seasonal pasture myopathy in North America and equine atypical myopathy in Europe, often fatal for horses. The aim of this study was to develop a method for quantifying HGA in blood that would be sensitive enough to provide toxicological evidence of ackee or maple poisoning. Analysis was carried out using solid-phase extraction (HILIC cartridges), dansyl derivatization and UHPLC-HRMS/MS detection. The method was validated in whole blood with a detection limit of 0.35 mug/L (range: 0.8-500 mug/L). This is the first method applicable in forensic toxicology for quantifying HGA in whole blood. HGA was quantified in two serum samples from horses suffering from atypical myopathy. The concentrations were 446.9 and 87.8 mug/L. HGA was also quantified in dried arils of unripe ackee fruit (Suriname) and seeds of sycamore maple (Acer pseudoplatanus L.) (France). The concentrations were 7.2 and 0.74 mg/g respectively