3,007 research outputs found
Working Futures 2017-2027 : Long-run labour market and skills projections headline report
This report provides a concise overview of Working Futures 2017-2027 results for the UK. It presents historical trends and future prospects by sector for the UK and its constituent nations and the English regions. The prime focus of Working Futures is on the demand for skills as measured by employment by occupation and qualification, although the supply side is also considered. Its prime objective is to provide useful labour market information that can help to inform policy development and strategy around skills, careers and employment, for both policy makers and a much wider audience. The results are intended to provide a sound statistical foundation for reflection and debate among all those with an interest in the demand for and supply of skills. It is aimed at the general reader and focuses on the key messages from this very detailed study. It complements the more detailed outputs and results from the project available from the gov.uk website2 and cover sectors, occupations, geography and qualifications
The Dawn of Open Access to Phylogenetic Data
The scientific enterprise depends critically on the preservation of and open
access to published data. This basic tenet applies acutely to phylogenies
(estimates of evolutionary relationships among species). Increasingly,
phylogenies are estimated from increasingly large, genome-scale datasets using
increasingly complex statistical methods that require increasing levels of
expertise and computational investment. Moreover, the resulting phylogenetic
data provide an explicit historical perspective that critically informs
research in a vast and growing number of scientific disciplines. One such use
is the study of changes in rates of lineage diversification (speciation -
extinction) through time. As part of a meta-analysis in this area, we sought to
collect phylogenetic data (comprising nucleotide sequence alignment and tree
files) from 217 studies published in 46 journals over a 13-year period. We
document our attempts to procure those data (from online archives and by direct
request to corresponding authors), and report results of analyses (using
Bayesian logistic regression) to assess the impact of various factors on the
success of our efforts. Overall, complete phylogenetic data for ~60% of these
studies are effectively lost to science. Our study indicates that phylogenetic
data are more likely to be deposited in online archives and/or shared upon
request when: (1) the publishing journal has a strong data-sharing policy; (2)
the publishing journal has a higher impact factor, and; (3) the data are
requested from faculty rather than students. Although the situation appears
dire, our analyses suggest that it is far from hopeless: recent initiatives by
the scientific community -- including policy changes by journals and funding
agencies -- are improving the state of affairs
Decomposing market orientation and its relationship to innovativeness of SMEs in Malaysia: the moderating effects of market turbulence
This study aims to investigate the relationship between market
orientation and innovativeness, and the moderating effects of market turbulence
in the context of Malaysian SMEs. Market orientation comprises three
dimensional constructs, the customer orientation, competitor orientation, and
interfuncional coordination. Data was gathered through self-administered
questionnaires and a total of 180 respondents comprising owners and managers
of small and medium sized enterprises participated in this study.
Smart PLS 2.0 (M3) was employed to assess the proposed model through path
modelling and bootstrapping technique. The results showed that customer
orientation, competitor orientation and interfunctional coordination are
positively related to innovativeness. Also, market turbulence was found to have
moderated the relationship between customer orientation and innovativeness.
Interestingly, the findings revealed that market turbulence negatively
moderated the relationship between interfunctional coordination and
innovativeness. Implications of the findings, limitations of the study and
directions for future research are further discussed
Monolithic Photoelectrochemical Device for Direct Water Splitting with 19% Efficiency
Recent rapid progress in efficiencies for solar water splitting by
photoelectrochemical devices has enhanced its prospects to enable storable
renewable energy. Efficient solar fuel generators all use tandem photoelectrode
structures, and advanced integrated devices incorporate corrosion protection
layers as well as heterogeneous catalysts. Realization of near thermodynamic
limiting performance requires tailoring the energy band structure of the
photoelectrode and also the optical and electronic properties of the surface
layers exposed to the electrolyte. Here, we report a monolithic device
architecture that exhibits reduced surface reflectivity in conjunction with
metallic Rh nanoparticle catalyst layers that minimize parasitic light
absorption. Additionally, the anatase TiO2 protection layer on the photocathode
creates a favorable internal band alignment for hydrogen evolution. An initial
solar-to-hydrogen efficiency of 19.3 % is obtained in acidic electrolyte and an
efficiency of 18.5 % is achieved at neutral pH condition (under simulated
sunlight)
Relationship between Knowledge Management and Organizational Performance: A Test on SMEs in Malaysia
Generally, small and medium enterprises (SMEs) play a crucial role in supporting the nation’s economy. Nevertheless, Malaysian SMEs have not developed their full potential. Therefore, it is essential for the entrepreneurs to search for and shift towards better strategies to become more successful. In the present turbulent environments, knowledge has been viewed as a major strategic competitive resource. Given the importance of knowledge, entrepreneurs are encouraged to develop their capabilities to manage
knowledge which will move them to become more competitive and innovative. Extensive research is available in the knowledge management literature investigating the process of knowledge management as a composite construct; nonetheless little research has been done to examine the independent effects of the individual dimensions of knowledge management process. In particular, little empirical evidence has been found to determine the implementation of knowledge management practices in the context of developing countries and small business. This study aimed to fill the perceived gaps by investigating the relationship between knowledge management process capabilities and organizational performance in the context of Malaysian SMEs. Knowledge
management process capabilities were conceptualized as four dimensional constructs: knowledge acquisition, knowledge
conversion, knowledge application, and knowledge protection while organizational performance were divided into two
dimensions namely, non-financial performance and financial performance. This paper anticipates that the four knowledge
management process capabilities are important antecedents of organizational performance, which have in turn a positive
relationship with both non-financial performance and financial performance of SMEs. The findings of this study will provide insights to entrepreneurs and help them to identify and develop effective strategies towards enhancing their overall performance
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