ANTIFUNGAL AND SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS OF ZNO NANOPARTICLES AGAINST T.VERRUCOSUM CAUSED RINGWORM IN COWS

The current study was aimed to determined the main causes of ringworm in cows and antifungal and synergistic effects of ZnO nanoparticles. For this purpose 50  skin scrapes were collected from cows infected with ringworm, culture media, staining and genetic methods used for diagnosis. MIC and MFC for antifungal and ZnO were determined. The result showed that Trichophyton spp was isolated in rate of 76%. The isolation rate of T.verrucosum, T. mentagrophytes  and T. rubrum were 68.4%, 21.0% and 10.5% respectively. MIC of Nystatin, fluocytosin, ZnO, Nystatin+ ZnO  and Fluocytosin + ZnO were 200,150,200,150 and 100 μg/ml  respectively. in conclusion, that  T.verrucosum is main caused of Ringworm and ZnO has antifungal and synergistic effects

Effect of electronic cigarette (EC) aerosols on particle size distribution in indoor air and in a radon chamber

Particle size distribution is an important factor governing whether aerosols can be deposited in various respiratory tract regions in humans. Recently, electronic cigarette (EC), as the alternative of tobacco cigarette, has become increasingly popular all over the world. However, emissions from ECs may contribute to both indoor and outdoor air pollution; moreover, comments about their safety remain controversial, and the number of users is increasing rapidly. In this investigation, aerosols were generated from ECs and studied in the indoor air and in a chamber under controlled conditions of radon concentration. The generated aerosols were characterized in terms of particle number concentrations, size, and activity distributions by using aerosol diffusion spectrometer (ADS), diffusion battery, and cascade impactor. The range of ADS assessment was from 10 -3 μm to 10 μm. The number concentration of the injected aerosol particles was between 40 000 and 100 000 particles/cm 3 . The distribution of these particles was the most within the ultrafi ne particle size range (0-0.2 μm), and the other particle were in the size range from 0.3 μm to 1 μm. The surface area distribution and the mass size distribution are presented and compared with bimodal distribution. In the radon chamber, all distributions were clearly bimodal, as the free radon decay product was approximately 1 nm in diameter, with a fraction of ~0.7 for a clean chamber (without any additional source of aerosols). The attached fraction with the aerosol particles from the ECs had a size not exceeding 1.0 μm. © 2019 H. N. Khalaf, M. Y. A. Mostafa & M. Zhukovsky

Experimental and Kinetic Study of the Effect of using Zr- and Pt-loaded Metals on Y-zeolite-based Catalyst to Improve the Products of n-heptane Hydroisomerization Reactions

The escalating cost of Pt metal has prompted researchers to incorporate other metals into Pt/catalysts to reduce the amount of Pt. In this work, several bimetallic Pt-Zr/HY-zeolite catalysts were prepared by incorporating small amounts of the inexpensive Zr into the Pt/HY-zeolite to form an active and selective catalyst. Results showed that although half of the required platinum metal was used, the catalytic activity of the prepared Pt-Zr/HY bimetallic catalyst was higher than that of the monometallic (Pt or Zr)/HY catalysts, as a result of the improved Lewis acidity of that catalyst that resulted from the addition of the Zr metal; additionally, the branched alkanes' yield also increased. The optimum catalyst was bimetallic, containing 0.5 wt% Pt + 0.5 wt% Zr, which achieved the highest yield of isomers at 70.2 mol%, along with 82.61 and 84.98 mol% for conversion and selectivity, respectively, under 1 MPa and 250°C reaction conditions. In addition, the hydroisomerization reaction kinetic model was achieved, giving good predicted results in agreement with the experimental calculations, with an acceptable relative error. It was found that lower activation energies (about 44.5 kJ/mol) were needed for olefin hydrogenation to iso-paraffins, while higher activation energies were required for i-paraffin hydrocracking (about 138.1kJ/mol)

An Application of Using Support Vector Machine Based on Classification Technique for Predicting Medical Data Sets

© 2019, Springer Nature Switzerland AG. This paper illustrates the utilise of various kind of machine learning approaches based on support vector machines for classifying Sickle Cell Disease data set. It has demonstrated that support vector machines generate an essential enhancement when applied for the pre-processing of clinical time-series data set. In this aspect, the objective of this study is to present discoveries for a number of classes of approaches for therapeutically associated problems in the purpose of acquiring high accuracy and performance. The primary case in this study includes classifying the dosage necessary for each patient individually. We applied a number of support vector machines to examine sickle cell data set based on the performance evaluation metrics. The result collected from a number of models have indicated that, support vector Classifier demonstrated inferior outcomes in comparison to Radial Basis Support Vector Classifier. For our Sickle cell data sets, it was found that the Parzen Kernel Support Vector Classifier produced the highest levels of performance and accuracy during training procedure accuracy 0.89733, AUC 0.94267. Where the testing set process, accuracy 0.81778, the area under the curve with 0.86556

First record of peregrine shrimp Metapenaeus stebbingi Nobili, 1904 (Crustacea, Decapoda: Penaeidae) in the Iraqi waters, North-West Arabian Gulf

One male specimen of the species Metapenaeus stebbingi Nobili, 1904 was first recorded in November 2021 from the Iraqi territorial waters, Northwest of the Arabian Gulf. Therefore, the investigated shrimp species nominally corresponds to the original description of M. stebbing through the main diagnostic features. It must be adopted in the spread and expansion of species, a new record of the area, and a distinctive addition to the species of commercial shrimp within the Iraqi marine waters

Particulate Matter Variation for Different Types of Cigarettes in Indoor Air

Particulate matter inhalation (PM) in second hand smoke is harmful to smokers and non-smokers. Various additions to cigarettes may affect the amount from PM. Exposure to PM is not only caused lung cancer but also increased risk of stroke breast cancer mortality. Although the main risks may be transferred to the distal lung by particulate matter, A few studies have been interested in studying PM. The present study aims to characterize PM emissions from three different types of cigarettes (Electronic cigarettes, tobacco cigarettes and IQOS cigarettes system). The experiments were carried out in a 65 m3 lab room with burning the three types of cigarettes separately. PM1, PM2. 5 and PM1 0 concentrations were measured simultaneously with aerosol diffusion spectrometer (ADS)1. The Electronic cigarettes achieved the highest values of particulate matter with 193, 1*103 and 2*103(μg/m3) for PM1, PM2. 5 and PM10 respectively. The value of surface area ranged from 3460 for IQOS cigarettes to 7482 for Electronic cigarettes. IQOS cigarettes got less particulate matter concentrations in different sizes. This may be due to the way IQOS cigarettes operate, as the tobacco is heated, not burned. © 2020 American Institute of Physics Inc.. All rights reserved

Infection of aerosol concentration on the radon decay products fractions

In this work, an experimental setup has been constructed to study the effect of aerosol concentration on the size distribution and unattached fraction of radon decay products. The experiments are conducted with 2 m3 standard radon chamber under controlled conditions (aerosol concentration, temperature and humidity). Number concentration and size distribution of aerosols inside radon chamber are measured with a Diffusion Aerosol Spectrometer (DAS 2702M, range from 5 nm to 10 μm). The activity size distribution of radioactive aerosols is estimated with diffusion battery. Number distribution diameter at low aerosol concentration has interval 50-100 nm. When additional aerosols injected to the radon chamber, distribution peak shifted to large diameters 70-150 nm at high aerosol particle concentration. At high aerosol concentration the unattached fraction fell sharply to 10-15% of the total activity compared to 50-70% when the aerosol concentration is low. The ratio between the fractions of the unattached and attached is in the range from 0.9 to 1.2 at low aerosol concentration. At high aerosol concentration, this ratio becomes from 0.09 to 0.14. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd

Attachment rate characteristics of different wide used aerosol sources in indoor air

In this work, six different aerosol sources, used in everyday life, were investigated to analyze parameters such as concentration, size distributions, and dynamics: regular and electronic cigarettes, incense, candles, mosquito coils, and cooking. During the experiments, the aerosol particle count ranged from 200 to 2·105 cm−3. The number, mass, and specific surface area of the aerosol size distributions were measured by a Model 2702 M diffusion aerosol spectrometer (DAS) with a range of 5 nm to 10 μm. The attachment rate of radon decay products to aerosol particles is calculated depending on their size distribution/ The use of household sources of aerosols (heat treatment of food, smoking, candles, etc.) result in an increase in the concentration of aerosol particles by more than an order of magnitude, mainly due to the generation of ultrafine aerosols with number median diameter 64–92 nm and GSD 1.45–1.84. The mass distribution is dominated by particles with a distribution maximum in the range of 2–5 μm. The attachment of radon decay products to aerosols is associated with ultrafine particles with diameter < 200 nm. The median diameter of the rate of attachment to aerosols is 130 nm. © 2021, Springer Nature Switzerland AG

Radioactive and non-radioactive aerosol permeability through two types of analytical filters

AFA analytical filter is the most used one of Petryanov filters in health protection and radiometric and analytical measurements. Therefore, the properties of this filter like efficiency and the permeability of the non-radioactive and radioactive aerosol particles are more important for accurate estimation and protection. AFA Petryanov filters (RSP-20 and RMP-20) are the most popular filters in Russia. In this work, an experimental setup has been constructed to estimate the permeability of the non-radioactive and radioactive aerosol particles through these two type of analytical filters. A standard radon chamber (2 m3), at Ural federal university is used to create radioactive aerosol. Non-radioactive aerosol or ambient aerosol is considered from ambient indoor air. Aerosol diffusion spectrometer (ADS) is used to measure aerosols concentration and number size distribution with range from 1 nm to 10 μm. The activity size distribution is determined with screen diffusion battery and the AIP-2 cascade impactor with range (0.5-20μm). The measurements are repeated before and after filters to study the PFs filters dispersion and permeability for non-radioactive and radioactive aerosols. ADS filter is used to measure the aerosol concentration and number size distribution before and after filters in ambient air with spatial construction. The effect of size modes of the non-radioactive and radioactive aerosols penetrating the filters is studied. At low aerosol concentration, the filters catch all free unattached radon decay products (RDPs) (1-5 nm) and the most collected activity with active median thermodynamic diameter, AMTD, ∼ 20 nm. In the radon chamber at high aerosol concentration, the activity of RDPs free unattached fraction nearly removed. The collected activity with AMTD ∼ 20-40 nm is more significant. © 2019 Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd

Cs-137 ACTIVITY IN FLY ASH FROM THERMAL ELECTRIC POWER STATIONS

In the present work, Cs-137 specific activity concentration is measured with a high effi-ciency gamma ray spectroscopy NaI(Tl) detector in fly ash samples from two thermal electric power stations in the south of Iraq (Al-Naserya and Al-Musaeb)