Synthetic, spectroscopic and Antimicrobial activity of mixed ligand of some complexes of symmetrical Schiff base and Nicotinamide

New symmetrical Schiff base ligand (H2L) is prepared via condensation of hydrazine hydrate and 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde  in ethanol solution at room temperature is reported  . Polydentate  mixed ligand     complexes were obtained from 1:1:1  molar ratio reactions with metal ions and H2L, NA  on reaction with MCl2 .nH2O salt yields complexes corresponding to the formulas [M(L)(NA)2] . All the complexes are air stable and soluble in water and common organic except benzene .All complexes are soluble in dimethyl formamide (DMF)and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solvent. Comparison of the IR spectra of ligands(H2L) and  (NA)  and there  metal complexes confirm that Schiff base behave as a dibasic tetradentate ligand towards the central metal ion with an ONNO donor sequence  and nicotinamid . behave as unidentate . The ligands and their metal complexes were screened for their antimicrobial activity against four bacteria(gram +ve) and (gram -ve). Keywords: Complexes; Spectral; symmetrical Schiff base Metal complexes ; Antimicrobial activities

Synthesis, Characterization, And Antibacterial Activities Of Manganese (II), Cobalt(II), Iron (II), Nickel (II) , zinc (II) And Cadmium(II) Mixed- Ligand Complexes Containing Amino Acid(L-Valine) And Saccharin

A new six mixed ligand complexes of some transition metal ions Manganese (II), Cobalt(II), Iron (II), Nickel (II) , and non transition metal ion zinc (II) And Cadmium(II) with L-valine (Val H ) as a primary ligand and Saccharin (HSac)  as a secondary ligands  have been prepared. All the prepared complexes have been characterized by molar conductance, magnetic susceptibility infrared, electronic spectral, Elemental microanalysis (C.H.N) and AA . The complexes with the formulas   [M(Val)2(HSac)2] M= Mn (II) , Fe (II) , Co(II) ,Ni(II), Cu (II),Zn(II) and  Cd(II) L- Val H= (C5H11NO2)  , C7H5NO3S   The study shows that these complexes have octahedral geometry; The metal complexes have been screened for their in microbiological activities against bacteria.  Based on the reported results, it may be concluded that the deprotonated ligand  (L-valine) to (valinate ion (Val-)  by using (Na OH) coordinated to metal ions as bidentate ligand through the oxygen atom of the carboxylate group(-COO-), and the nitrogen atom of the amine group (NH2), where the saccharin (H Sac) coordinated as a monodentate through the nitrogen atom. Keywords: L-Valine , mixed ligand complexes, Saccharin  , spectral studies , Antibacterial activities.

Synthesis ,characterization and antibacterial activity of mixed ligand complexes of some metals with 1-nitroso-2-naphthol and L-phenylalanine

The mixed ligand complexes of Mn(II),Fe(II),Co(II),Ni(II),Cu(II), Zn(II) and Cd (II) with 1-nitroso-2-naphthol (C10H7NO2), symbolized (NNPhH)] and amino acid L-phenylalanine( C9H10NO2), symbolized (phe H),  were synthesized and characterized by: Melting points, Solubility, Molar conductivity. determination the percentage of the metal in the complexes by flame(AAS), Molecular weight determined by  Rast’s Camphor method, susceptibility measurements, Spectroscopic Method [FT-IR and UV-Vis], And Program  [Chem office– CS .Chem.– 3D pro 2006] was used for draw compounds . The results showed that the deprotonated   two  ligands acts as a bidentate ligand ,  (phe-) was coordinated to the metal ions through the oxygen  of  the  carboxylic  group  and  the nitrogen of the amine and  the 1-nitroso-2-naphthol ligand was coordinated to the metal ions through the oxygen and nitrogen atoms. The electronic absorption spectra and magnetic susceptibility measurements of the complexes indicate octahedral geometry for all the complexes. Key words: phenyl alanine , amino acid) Complexes ,  1-nitroso-2-naphthol  ,mixed ligands   and Antibacterial     Activitie

Development Of A Low Electric Field Dna Electrophoresis Microchip Featuring Amperometric Detection

Everyday inventions of microelectronics and micro-devices are advancing towards converting the Microchip Capillary Electrophoresis (MCE) devices into a true Micro Total Analysis System (μTAS) or Lab-On-a-Chip (LOC) microsystem that can perform the whole analytical procedures in-situ. Electrochemical detection (ECD) is one of the best means for designing a LOC or μTAS systems especially for separation and detection of electroactive analytes, as in biomedical and in vitro diagnostics. The most widely targeted electroactive analytes is nucleic acid. DNA genotyping or fingerprinting has been recognized as one of the most important applications of these micro devices. DNA fingerprinting is normally used in electrophoretic applications of analytical chemistry such as DNA sequencing and detection, identification of pathogenic microorganism like microbe fungus, and disease diagnostics. However, there are some major obstacles in realizing miniaturized and mass-producible MCE systems, such as high manufacturing cost, and the bulky power supply unit which make the whole system none-portable. In this project, a low cost as well as low electric field MCE utilizing an amperometric detection scheme was designed and fabricated for DNA sequencing and detection. The device was fabricated from a glass/polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) hybrid engraved microchannel with platinum electrodes sputtered onto a glass substrate. It has been established that, the use of Agarose gel as separation material could reduce the electric field to as low as 12 V/cm; this has not been achieved previously

Synthesis, Characterization, And Antibacterial activity Of Mn (II),Fe(II),Co(II),Ni(II),Cu(II),Zn(II),Cd(II),and Hg (II) Mixed- Ligand Complexes Containing Furan-2-carboxylic acid And (1,10-phenanthroline)

The research includes the synthesis and identification of type mixed ligand complexes of M+2 Ions using Furan-2-carboxylic acid( C5H4O3) (FCA H) as a primary ligand and 1,10-phenanthroline (phen )as secondary ligand.The resulting products were found to be solid crystalline complexes' which have been characterized by :Melting points, Solubility, Molar conductivity. determination the percentage of the metal in the complexes by flame(AAS), magnetic susceptibility, Spectroscopic Method [FT-IR and UV-Vis]. The proposed structure of the complexes using program , chem office 3D(2006) . The general formula have been given for the prepared mixed ligand complexes [M(FCA)2(phen)2] M(II) - Mn (II) , Fe (II),Co(II) ,Ni(II),Cu (II), Zn(II) , Cd(II), and Hg (II). Phen = 1,10-phenanthroline = (C14H8N2.H2O)    The results showed that the deprotonated ligand (Furan-2-carboxylic acid (FCA H) to (Furan-2-carboxylate ion (FCA -)  by using (KOH) coordinated to metal ions as a monodendate  ligand through the oxygen atom of the carboxylate group (-COO-),and the retention of ? (C-O-C) band of the (FCA -) ring at 1224 cm-1 oxygen atom of the ring cm-1 indicates that is not taking part in coordination. Keywords : Furan 2-carboxylic acid; 1,10-phenanthroline;mixed ligand complexes ,    heterocyclic aromatic compound

HERMITE NUMERICAL METHOD TO ESTIMATE THE RADON AND RADIUM EFFECTS OF THE SOIL IN BARTELLA REGION

The Hermite numerical interpolation method used to estimate and predict the radon and radium concentrations, from some of the experimental measurements made on the soil samples of the Bartella region in Iraq. The results obtained from deductible mathematical method were close to real experimental results. Predicted results are in the range of 80.04–4051.59 Bq/m3radon concentrations and 0.322–17.276 Bq/Kgradium concentrations corresponding to 200-10000 tracks of alpha particles. The maximum errors were less than 0.289 and 1.172 percent for radon and radium concentrations, respectively. The effects of radium and radon radiations estimated of soil in the studied area depend on its concentrations, a higher number of alpha particle tracks mean high radiation concentration, the high radiation will cause human health damage. The values are below 370 Bq/Kg the recommended radium concentration permissible values, by the Organization ащк Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), the studied area is safe from hazards on health of radium and radon exposure from the soi

Control of active filters to attenuate harmonic resonance in power distribution networks

Harmonic resonance occurs when the network equivalent shunt harmonic capacitive reactance is associated with the network series harmonic inductive reactance. When such resonance occurs, it amplifies harmonic components with frequency close to the resonance point. Solutions used to solve harmonic resonance problems can be divided into two main categories. One is to reduce the content of harmonic components in the network (e.g. by using active or passive harmonic filters, etc.) and the other is to remove the resonance stimulating factor by shifting away the resonance frequency to a non-critical frequency range (e.g. detuning PFC capacitors, redesigning feeder transformers, etc.). Studies show that these techniques are not adequate to solve harmonic resonance problems in power distribution networks which are dynamic by their nature and with complex interconnections. Due to this, solutions in the category one are designed for localised harmonic distortion compensation, while solutions in the category two lack real-time operation feature. Therefore, it was identified that there is a need for real-time harmonic resonance attenuation that is suitable for power distribution networks. In this thesis, a new real-time Harmonic Resonance Attenuation (HRA) technique is proposed. This technique may be used with ordinary shunt harmonic filters to make them behave like a virtual shunt capacitor or inductor. Thus, looking from the harmonic current source side, the filter alters the network harmonic impedance and hence results in harmonic resonance attenuation. In order to implement the HRA technique, fast measurement of system harmonics in real-time is required. Therefore, in this work, a fast individual harmonic extraction (FIHE) technique is developed to enhance the desired real-time operation of the HRA. The proposed FIHE needs only one sixth of the fundamental cycle to extract any individual harmonic component which is faster than other methods currently available. In addition to the speed, the proposed FIHE provides overshoot free, oscillation free and ripple free extraction characteristics. The proposed HRA and FIHE techniques are described in this thesis with detailed analysis to illustrate their operating principles. A series of simulations and experiments are conducted to evaluate their functionality and performance. Results of the evaluation are presented and discussed in this thesis together with details of the experimental HRA model developed to verify the theoretical and simulation results.EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo

Osteoporosis is a neglected health priority in Arab World: a comparative bibliometric analysis

Osteoporosis is an important health problem with serious consequences. Evaluation of osteoporosis scientific output from Arab countries has not been explored and there are few internationally published reports on research activity about osteoporosis. The main objectives of this study were to analyze the research output originating from Arab countries and 3 Middle Eastern non-Arab countries, particularly Israel, Turkey and Iran in the field of osteoporosis. Original scientific articles or reviews published from the 21 Arab countries, Israel, Turkey and Iran about “osteoporosis” were screened using the ISI Web of Science database. The time frame for the result was up to year 2012. The total number of original and review research articles published globally about osteoporosis was 43,571. The leading country in osteoporosis research was United States of America (14,734; 33.82%). Worldwide, Turkey ranked 16th while Israel and Iran ranked 24th and 31st respectively. Among Arab countries, Egypt and Kingdom of Saudi Arabia came on positions 41 and 45 respectively. A total of 426 documents about “osteoporosis” were published from Arab countries which represents 0.98% of the global research output. Research about osteoporosis from Arab countries was very low until 2002 and then increased steadily. The total number of citations for osteoporosis documents from the Arab world was 5551 with an average citation of 13.03 per document and an h- index of 35. Thirty (7.04%) documents published from Arab countries about osteoporosis were published in Saudi Medical Journal. Egypt, with a total publication of 117 (27.47%) ranked first among the Arab countries in research about osteoporosis while American University in Beirut was the most productive institution with a total of 47 (11.03%) documents. Compared with other non-Arab countries in the Middle East, the research productivity from the Arab countries was lesser than that from Turkey and Israel but higher than that from Iran. The present data showed low research productivity in osteoporosis field in Arab countries. Research output can be improved by investing in more international and national collaborative research projects in the field of osteoporosis

Treatment of olive mill based wastewater by means of magnetic nanoparticles: Decolourization, dephenolization and COD removal

AbstractOlive mill wastewater (OMW) is an environmental concern that has been highlighted as a serious environmental problem in the Mediterranean basin countries because of its high organic load and phytotoxic and antibacterial phenolic compounds, which resist biological degradation. Consequently, this type of wastewater represents a huge challenge for the conventional wastewater treatment techniques as it can impact the lifetime of bacteria needed for the treatment. Iron-oxide nanoparticles are attractive for wastewater treatment for two important reasons. First, nanoparticles can remove pollutants from wastewater rapidly. Second, this magnetic type of nanoparticles could be separated easily using a magnet after finishing treatment process. In this study, we aimed at investigating the effectiveness of the magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles in the removal of large organic contaminants from OMW. Batch and continuous mode processes were applied on OMW treatment to determine the effect of contact time, solution pH, coexisting contaminants and the adsorption isotherm.The results showed that the adsorption was fast and the adsorption reached equilibrium within less than 30min. The adsorption equilibrium data fit very well to the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) Model, indicating multi-layers adsorption. The adsorption of major pollutants was associated to an efficient removal of coexisting contaminants such as heavy metals and free ions. The adsorption of OMW pollutants was dependent on pH of the solution. Finally, continuous-mode process was tested successfully using a packed bed column that combined sand filtration with magnetic nanoparticles to decolourize OMW effluent. This study will provide valuable insight on the effect of nanoparticles toward the treatment and recyclability of olive mill wastewater, which is crucial for the local olive mill industry. After seeing the successful achievement of integrating nanoparticles with fixed bed filtration, a preliminary process description and cost estimation of stand-alone plant (with a capacity of 4m3/h) for OMW treatment were considered in this study. Process capital and annual operating costs were estimated to be $12,306 and$476/year, respectively

CHOLESTATIC LIVER FIBROSIS IN A RAT MODEL OF BILE DUCT LIGATION: EVALUATING BIOCHEMICAL VERSUS HISTOPATHOLOGICAL CHANGES

Objective: Bile duct ligation (BDL), chronic liver injury model, was extensively used in studying mechanisms of fibrogenesis and antifibrotic agents. Considering the liver regenerative capacity and the diverse results from BDL, the present study aimed to evaluate the biochemical and histopathological changes over 10 weeks following BDL assessing if BDL-induced changes remain in a deterioration state or improve at a certain stage.Methods: Sham operation and BDL were conducted in Male Wistar rats. Serum AST, ALT, total bilirubin and albumin and hepatic hydroxyproline (HYP), reduced glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured in sham-operated (n=3) and BDL-rats (n=6) at 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 weeks following operation. Liver tissue was also processed for histopathological analysis (H&E and Sirus red staining).Results: Progressive liver injury (H&E) and collagen deposition (Sirus red and HYP) in BDL-rats were observed starting from the first week post-operation and reached their maximum with early signs of cirrhosis on the 10th week of BDL. Severe and sustained cholestatic injury appeared in 2 weeks (increased ALT, AST, bilirubin along with decreased albumin (P<0.001) compared to sham-operated rats). AST peaked on first week, however, bilirubin, ALT and MDA peaked on the 4th week (P<0.001) then gradually decreased compared to their peaks.Conclusion: The relative improvement in liver function/cholestasis following their peaks in BDL model despite progression of fibrosis and hepatic injury require investigators using this model to consider not only biochemical, but also histopathological findings to guarantee an accurate interpretation of their results.Â