Teores de aminoácidos e fenóis em plântulas de algodoeiro (Gossypium hirsutum L. cv. 'IAC-17') sob ação de reguladores vegetais

This research deals with the effects of exogenous growth regulators on dry weight, contents of aminoacids and phenolic compounds in leaves of cotton plants. To study the influence of the chemicals, cotton seeds were immersed during 22 hours in water solutions of (2-chloroethyl) trimethylammonium chloride (CCC) at concentration of 2000 ppm, succinic acid-2,2-dimethylhydrazide 4000 ppm,gibberellic acid 100 ppm, indolylacetic acid (IAA) 100 ppm, and water as check treatment. CCC 2000 ppm increased the dry weight in the leaves of cotton plants. This growth retardant increased the content of free aminoacids in cotton leaves. IAA 100 ppm reduced the concentration of aminoacids in the treated plants. The contents of phenolic compounds in leaves of cotton was increased by CCC, in relation to check treatment.Verificaram-se os efeitos da aplicação de reguladores de crescimento na porcentagem de materia seca, aminoácidos livres totais e compostos fenólicos nas folhas de algodoeiro 'lAC-l7'. Para se estudar a ação dos fitoreguladores, sementes de algodoeiro foram imersas durante 22 horas em soluções aquosas de cloreto (2-cloroetil) trimetilamônio (CCC) na concentração de 2000 ppm, ácido succínico-2,2-dimetilhidrazida 4000 ppm, ácido giberélico 100 ppm, ácido indolilacético (IAA) 100 ppm e água como controle. Plântulas com 33 dias de idade foram coletadas, sendo em seguida realizada a amostragem de folhas em laboratório, para efetuar-se a extração dos compostos. Observou-se que CCC 2000 ppm promoveu aumento no peso seco das folhas de algodoeiro. Esse retardador de crescimento aumentou o conteúdo de aminoácidos livres totais nas folhas estudadas. IAA 100 ppm reduziu a concentração de aminoácidos, nas plantas tratadas. O teor de fenóis totais nas folhas de Gossypium hirsutum foi aumentado por efeito do CCC com relação ao controle

JWST's TEMPLATES for Star Formation: The First Resolved Gas-Phase Metallicity Maps of Dust-Obscured Star-Forming Galaxies at zz ∼\sim 4

We present the first spatially resolved maps of gas-phase metallicity for dust-obscured star-forming galaxies (DSFGs) at $z$ $\sim$ 4, from the JWST TEMPLATES Early Release Science program, derived from NIRSpec integral field unit spectroscopy of the H$\alpha$ and [NII] emission lines. Empirically derived literature optical line calibrations are used to determine that the sources are highly metal rich, with both appearing to display regions of supersolar metallicity, particularly in SPT2147-50. While we cannot rule out shocks or AGN in these regions, we suggest that the two systems have already undergone significant enrichment as a result of their extremely high star-formation rates. Utilising ALMA rest-frame 380$\mu$m continuum and [CI]($^3$P$_2$-$^3$P$_1$) line maps we compare metallicity and gas-to-dust ratio variations in the two galaxies, finding the two to be anticorrelated on highly resolved spatial scales, consistent with various literature studies of $z$ $\sim$ 0 galaxies. The data are indicative of the enormous potential of JWST to probe the enrichment of the interstellar medium on $\sim$kpc scales in extremely dust-obscured systems at $z$ $\sim$ 4 and beyond.Comment: 12 pages, 5 figures, submitted to Ap

JWST's TEMPLATES for Star Formation: The First Resolved Gas-phase Metallicity Maps of Dust-obscured Star-forming Galaxies at z ∼ 4

We present the first spatially resolved maps of gas-phase metallicity for two dust-obscured star-forming galaxies at z ∼ 4, from the JWST TEMPLATES Early Release Science program, derived from NIRSpec integral field unit spectroscopy of the Hα and [N ii] emission lines. Empirical optical line calibrations are used to determine that the sources are globally enriched to near-solar levels. While one source shows elevated [N ii]/Hα ratios and broad Hα emission consistent with the presence of an active galactic nucleus in a ≳1 kpc region, we argue that both systems have already undergone significant metal enrichment as a result of their extremely high star formation rates. Utilizing Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array rest-frame 380 μm continuum and [Ci](3P2–3P1) line maps we compare the spatial variation of the metallicity and gas-to-dust ratio in the two galaxies, finding the two properties to be anticorrelated on highly resolved spatial scales, consistent with various literature studies of z ∼ 0 galaxies. The data are indicative of the enormous potential of JWST to probe the enrichment of the interstellar medium on ∼kpc scales in extremely dust-obscured systems at z ∼ 4 and beyond

Histone H3.3 beyond cancer: Germline mutations in Histone 3 Family 3A and 3B cause a previously unidentified neurodegenerative disorder in 46 patients

Although somatic mutations in Histone 3.3 (H3.3) are well-studied drivers of oncogenesis, the role of germline mutations remains unreported. We analyze 46 patients bearing de novo germline mutations in histone 3 family 3A (H3F3A) or H3F3B with progressive neurologic dysfunction and congenital anomalies without malignancies. Molecular modeling of all 37 variants demonstrated clear disruptions in interactions with DNA, other histones, and histone chaperone proteins. Patient histone posttranslational modifications (PTMs) analysis revealed notably aberrant local PTM patterns distinct from the somatic lysine mutations that cause global PTM dysregulation. RNA sequencing on patient cells demonstrated up-regulated gene expression related to mitosis and cell division, and cellular assays confirmed an increased proliferative capacity. A zebrafish model showed craniofacial anomalies and a defect in Foxd3-derived glia. These data suggest that the mechanism of germline mutations are distinct from cancer-associated somatic histone mutations but may converge on control of cell proliferation

Composition of glass from high-temperature rhyolite of the Snake River Plain Yellowstone hotspot track: implications for crustal melting

Large volume explosive eruptions comprising the members of the Cougar Point Tuff (≥ 7,000 km3) erupted from the Bruneau-Jarbidge volcanic center of the Yellowstone hotspot are melt-dominated with crystal contents ranging from 10-15%. Zircons from all of the units have low δ18O ratios indicative of a heterogeneous, hydrothermally altered protolith that underwent melting in the mid to upper crust as the result of injection of basalt. This study investigates detailed variations in melt compositions by measuring elemental concentrations of 51 elements in individual glass shards from basal airfall tuffs by EPMA and LA-ICP-MS. Some eruptive units contain two distinct compositional modes of glass, indicating the presence of discrete liquid volumes in the magma reservoir system at the time of eruption. Multi-modal behavior is also observed for minerals indicating that the erupted magmas are complex, non-equilibrium assemblages. The overall elemental pattern in glass is for younger units to become more mafic (higher Fe) and for zirconium saturation temperatures and εNd to likewise increase. A few elements (B, Rb, Cs, Th, U) decrease in concentration with Fe. Most trace elements however remain fairly constant in composition over the 2.2 myr eruption interval and exhibit no systematic variation with respect to Fe concentration (Li, Be, Zn, Nb and REE). Elements that increase systematically with Fe include Sr, Ba, Eu, P, Zr, Hf and Sc indicating feldspar, zircon and apatite control on the melt composition. Compositional variations can be modeled by batch melting, suggesting that magma reservoirs are constructed by incremental extraction of melts from a crystal-liquid mush with episodic eruption and replenishment. Fractionation may play a role in generating compositional diversity within units