Enrollment Figures

Official report of the total enrollment of Western Kentucky University from the opening in 1906 through Nov. 16, 1937 when the statue was unveiled.https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/exhibit_2015/1016/thumbnail.jp

HUBUNGAN ANTARA KELEMBAPAN DAN CURAH HUJAN TERHADAP ANGKA KEJADIAN DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE (DBD) DI WILAYAH KOTA MANADO TAHUN 2014-2018

Latar Belakang: Berdasarkan Data Dinas Kesehatan (Dinkes) Kota Manado kasus DBD pada tahun 2015 tercatat sebanyak 446 kasus dan 6 kasus diantaranya meninggal dunia, tahun 2016 tercatat 567 kasus dan 6 kasus diantaranya meninggal dunia, tahun 2017 tercatat 139 kasus dan tidak ada yang meninggal dunia dan pada tahun 2018 tercatat 294 kasus (Dinkes Kota Manado, 2019). Metode :Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei analitik dengan rancangan penelitian cross sectional study.Sampel penelitian ini Kejadian DBD 1.969 kasus kejadian DBD tahun 2014-2018 (Dinas Kesehatan Kota Manado) dan jumlah kelembaban, dan curah hujan yang diambil dari tahun 2014-2018 (BMKG Kota Manado) Hasil :hasil uji korelasi (r) dengan p-value yang diperoleh nilai korelasir= -0.0341 tentang hubungan antara kejadian Demam berdarah dengue dengan kelembaban di kota manado tahun 2014-2018 dan hubungan yang cukup antara kejadian demam berdarah dengue dengan curah hujan di Kota Manado tahun 2014-2018 r= -0.0482. Kesimpulan:Dalam penelitian ini tidak terdapat hubungan antara kejadian Demam berdarah dengue dengan kelembaban di kota manado tahun 2014-2018 dan tidak terdapat hubungan yang cukup antara kejadian demam berdarah dengue dengan curah hujan di Kota Manado tahun 2014-2018.. Saran : Disarankan kepada Dinas Kesehatan baik kota maupun provinsi agar dapat mengontrol wilayah-wilayah yang rentan kejadian DBD yang tinggi dan dapat memantau kesehatan lingkungan pada masyarakat secara berkala serta mengadakan pembinaan kepada masyarakat sebagai upaya pencegahan penyakit DBD. Kata kunci : DBD, Curah Hujan dan Kelembaban ABSTRACTBackground: Based on Data of the Ministry of Health (Dinkes) Manado City DBD case in 2015 recorded as many as 446 cases and 6 cases were passed away, the year 2016 recorded 567 cases and 6 cases of which died, 2017 recorded in 139 Case and no one died and in 2018 recorded 294 cases (Dinkes Kota Manado, 2019). Method: This study uses analytical survey methods with cross sectional study draft research. Sample of this research event DBD 1,969 cases of DBD year 2014-2018 (Dinas Health Office of Manado) and the amount of humidity, and rainfall taken from the year 2014-2018 (BMKG of Manado City). Result: Correlation test result (R) with P-value obtained the correlation value R =-0.0341 about the relationship between the incidence of dengue fever with the humidity in the city of Manado in 2014-2018 and sufficient relationship between dengue fever incidence with The rainfall in Manado city in 2014-2018 r =-0.0482 Conclusion: In this research there is no connection between the incidence of dengue fever with the humidity in the city of Manado in 2014-2018 and there is no adequate relationship between dengue fever occurrence with rainfall in Manado city in 2014-2018. Advice: It is recommended to the health Department of both cities and provinces in order to control areas vulnerable to high DBD events and can monitor environmental health in the community periodically and to conduct coaching to the community As an effort to prevent DBD disease. Keywords: DBD, rainfall and humidit

SiL: An Approach for Adjusting Applications to Heterogeneous Systems Under Perturbations

Scientific applications consist of large and computationally-intensive loops. Dynamic loop scheduling (DLS) techniques are used to load balance the execution of such applications. Load imbalance can be caused by variations in loop iteration execution times due to problem, algorithmic, or systemic characteristics (also, perturbations). The following question motivates this work: "Given an application, a high-performance computing (HPC) system, and both their characteristics and interplay, which DLS technique will achieve improved performance under unpredictable perturbations?" Existing work only considers perturbations caused by variations in the HPC system delivered computational speeds. However, perturbations in available network bandwidth or latency are inevitable on production HPC systems. Simulator in the loop (SiL) is introduced, herein, as a new control-theoretic inspired approach to dynamically select DLS techniques that improve the performance of applications on heterogeneous HPC systems under perturbations. The present work examines the performance of six applications on a heterogeneous system under all above system perturbations. The SiL proof of concept is evaluated using simulation. The performance results confirm the initial hypothesis that no single DLS technique can deliver best performance in all scenarios, while the SiL-based DLS selection delivered improved application performance in most experiments

Prevalence and Clustering of Congenital Heart Defects among Boys With Hypospadias

IMPORTANCE: Hypospadias is a common birth defect of the male urinary tract that may be isolated or may co-occur with other structural malformations, including congenital heart defects (CHDs). The risk for co-occurring CHDs among boys with hypospadias remains unknown, which limits screening and genetic testing strategies. OBJECTIVE: to characterize the risk of major CHDs among boys born with hypospadias. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This retrospective cohort study used data from population-based birth defect surveillance programs on all male infants born in 11 US states from January 1, 1995, to December 31, 2014. Statistical analysis was performed from September 2, 2020, to March 25, 2022. EXPOSURE: Hypospadias. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Demographic and diagnostic data were obtained from 2 active state-based birth defect surveillance programs for primary analyses, the Texas Birth Defects Registry and the Arkansas Reproductive Health Monitoring System, with validation among 9 additional states in the National Birth Defects Prevention Network (NBDPN). Birth defect diagnoses were identified using the British Pediatric Association coding for hypospadias (exposure) and major CHDs (primary outcomes). Maternal covariates and birth year were also abstracted from the vital records. Poisson regression was used to estimate adjusted prevalence ratios and 95% CIs for major CHDs within Texas and Arkansas and combined using inverse variance-weighted meta-analysis. Findings were validated using the NBDPN. RESULTS: Among 3.7 million pregnancies in Texas and Arkansas, 1485 boys had hypospadias and a co-occurring CHD. Boys with hypospadias were 5.8 times (95% CI, 5.5-6.1) more likely to have a co-occurring CHD compared with boys without hypospadias. Associations were observed for every specific CHD analyzed among boys with hypospadias, occurred outside of chromosomal anomalies, and were validated in the NBDPN. An estimated 7.024% (95% CI, 7.020%-7.028%) of boys with hypospadias in Texas and 5.503% (95% CI, 5.495%-5.511%) of boys with hypospadias in Arkansas have a co-occurring CHD. In addition, hypospadias severity and maternal race and ethnicity were independently associated with the likelihood for hypospadias to co-occur with a CHD; boys in Texas with third-degree (ie, more severe) hypospadias were 2.7 times (95% CI, 2.2-3.4) more likely than boys with first-degree hypospadias to have a co-occurring CHD, with consistent estimates in Arkansas (odds ratio, 2.7; 95% CI, 1.4-5.3), and boys with hypospadias born to Hispanic mothers in Texas were 1.5 times (95% CI, 1.3-1.8) more likely to have a co-occurring CHD than boys with hypospadias born to non-Hispanic White mothers. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this cohort study, boys with hypospadias had a higher prevalence of CHDs than boys without hypospadias. These findings support the need for consideration of additional CHD screening programs for boys born with hypospadias

Cardiac safety of adjuvant pegylated liposomal doxorubicin with concurrent trastuzumab: a randomized phase II trial

Background The cardiac safety of trastuzumab concurrent with pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) in an adjuvant breast cancer treatment regimen is unknown. Patients and methods Women with resected node-positive or intermediate-risk node-negative HER2 overexpressing breast cancer and baseline left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≥55% were randomized (1:2) to doxorubicin 60 mg/m2 (A)+cyclophosphamide 600 mg/m2 (C) every 21 days (q21d) for four cycles or PLD 35 mg/m2+C q21d+trastuzumab 2 mg/kg weekly (H) for 12 weeks. Both groups then received paclitaxel (Taxol, T) 80 mg/m2 with H for 12 weeks followed by H to complete 1 year. The primary end point was cardiac event rate or inability to administer 1 year of trastuzumab. Results Of 181 randomized patients, 179 underwent cardiac analysis. The incidence of cardiac toxicity or inability to administer trastuzumab due to cardiotoxicity was 18.6% [n=11; 95% confidence interval (CI) 9.7% to 30.9%] with A+C → T+H and 4.2% (n=5; 95% CI 1.4% to 9.5%) with PLD+C+H → T+H (P=0.0036). All events, except one, were asymptomatic systolic dysfunction or mildly symptomatic heart failure. Mean absolute LVEF reduction at cycle 8 was greater with doxorubicin (5.6% versus 2.1%; P=0.0014). Conclusion PLD+C+H → T+H is feasible and results in lower early cardiotoxicity rates compared with A+C → T+

Anthropogenic Aerosols Cause Recent Pronounced Weakening of Asian Summer Monsoon Relative to Last Four Centuries

The Asian Summer Monsoon (ASM) affects ecosystems, biodiversity, and food security of billions of people. In recent decades, ASM strength (as represented by precipitation) has been decreasing, but instrumental measurements span only a short period of time. The initiation and the dynamics of the recent trend are unclear. Here for the first time, we use an ensemble of 10 tree ring-width chronologies from the west-central margin of ASM to reconstruct detail of ASM variability back to 1566 CE. The reconstruction captures weak/strong ASM events and also reflects major locust plagues. Notably, we found an unprecedented 80-year trend of decreasing ASM strength within the context of the 448-year reconstruction, which is contrary to what is expected from greenhouse warming. Our coupled climate model shows that increasing anthropogenic sulfate aerosol emissions over the Northern Hemisphere could be the dominant factor contributing to the ASM decrease. Plan Language Summary Monsoonal rainfall has a certain influence on agriculture and industry in the regions of Asian Summer Monsoon (ASM). An understanding of the spatial-temporal variability of the ASM and the associated dynamics is vital for terrestrial ecosystems, water resources, forests, and landscapes. We have developed a 448-year ASM reconstruction back to 1566 CE using 10 tree ring chronologies from the margin region of ASM. We find that historical severe droughts and locust plague disasters during weak ASM events. The recent decreasing ASM trend persisting for over 80 years is unprecedented over the past 448 years. Coupled climate models show that increasing anthropogenic aerosol emissions are the dominant underlying factor. Our aim is that the time series will find a wide range of utility for understanding past climate variability and for predicting future climate change.National Natural Science Foundation of China [41630531]; National Research Program for Key Issues in Air Pollution Control [DQGG0104]; Chinese Academy of Sciences [QYZDJ-SSW-DQC021, XDPB05, GJHZ1777]; Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences; State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology6 month embargo; first published: 09 April 2019This item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at [email protected]

Crosstalk between the EGFR and other signalling pathways at the level of the global transcriptional corepressor Groucho/TLE

In this minireview, we briefly revisit the Drosophila Notch and epidermal growth factor receptor pathways, and relate to the relationship between them. We then mainly focus on the involvement of Groucho (Gro)/TLE, a global developmental corepressor, in these pathways. In particular, we discuss Gro/TLE's role at the junction between these two signal transduction cascades