The transverse shear deformation behaviour of magneto-electro-elastic shell

Compared to the large number of possible magneto-electro-elastic shell theories, very few exact solutions determining the in-plane stresses, electric displacements and magnetic inductions are possible. While, solving the magneto-electro-elastic shell equations in terms of thermo-magneto-electro-elastic generalized field functions on arbitrary domains and for general conditions exactly are not always possible. In the present work, a linear version of magneto-electro-elastic shell with simply supported boundary conditions, solved exactly, provided that the lamination scheme is cross-ply or anti-symmetric angle-ply laminates. The exact solution that introduced herein can measure the in-plane stresses, electric displacements and magnetic inductions. It also allow for an accurate and usually elegant and conclusive investigation of the various sensations in a shell structure. However, it is important for micro-electro-mechanical shell applications to have an approach available that gives the transverse shear deformation Behaviourfor cases that cannot examine experimentally. An investigated examples were accompanied and noteworthy conclusions were drawn which highlight the issues of the implementation of the exact solution, implication of the effects of the material properties, lay-ups of the constituent layers, and shell parameters on the static Behaviour

Performa Reproduksi Ikan Sepat Siam (Trichopoduspectoralis Regan 1910) Asal Sumatera, Jawa, Dan Kalimantan [Reproduction Performance of Snakeskin Gouramy (Trichopodus Pectoralis Regan 1910) From Sumatera, Jawa and Kalimantan]

Ikan sepat siam Trichopodus pectoralis merupakan ikan potensial budi daya. Salah satu masalah utama yang sedang di-hadapi ikan ini adalah adanya penurunan populasi. Domestikasi ikan sepat siam diperlukan agar pengembangbiakan melalui kegiatan budi daya dapat dilakukan untuk mengatasi kelangkaan dan menjaga kelestariannya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi performa reproduksi yang merupakan salah satu aspek penting dalam domestikasi. Eva-luasi dilakukan pada ikan sepat siam potensial dari Lampung, Jawa Timur, dan Kalimantan Barat. Pemijahan telah dila-kukan secara alami. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Basah Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Budidaya Air Tawar Bogor dari bulan September sampai dengan Desember 2013. Karakter reproduksi antara lain: fekunditas, derajat pembuahan, derajat penetasan, dan sintasan larva dihitung berdasar satu kali sampling dan dianalisis secara deskriptif. Fase perkembangan awal ikan diamati dengan menggunakan metode mikroskopi. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa fekunditas dan sintasan larva tertinggi didapatkan oleh ikan sepat siam asal Kalimantan Barat. Perkembangan awal menunjukkan tidak adanya keabnormalan. Fase segmentasi dan penetasan merupakan fase kritis pada perkembangan awal ikan sepat siam

PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN AMPELA AYAM PADA KOMPOSISI PAKAN TERHADAP PERFORMA REPRODUKSI INDUK IKAN LELE

The effect of adding chicken gizzard in the composition of the feed on the reproductive performance of the catfish spawners         Currently catfish farming is one of the people's choice, because it is triggered by a number of catfish demand. But in farming activities carried out by people sometimes do not pay attention to the quality aspects of the parent catfish. Parent quality also depends on the quality of the feed given. Therefore, it is needed feed with good quality in order to produce a good quality catfish broadstock. The purpose of this study was to determine the optimum dose of chicken gizzard in feed to the reproductive performance of the catfish spawners. Feed given during gonadal maturation of spawners was floating feed of commercial brands of Hi-Pro-Vite 781 with a protein content of 30% -33% combined with boiled chicken gizzard. The treatment combination of feed used is: 1. Control (Pellet), 2. 25% pellets, 75% gizzard, 3. 50% pellets, 50% gizzard, and 4. 75% pellets, 25% gizzard. Parameters measured were fecundity, length of rematurasi, hatching and larval survival degree. The results showed that the combination of feed pellets ampela 50% to 50% is the right combination for catfish spawners could increase fecundit, hatching and larval survival degree. While the combination of feed pellets ampela 75% to 25% is the right combination to increase length of rematuration of catfish spawners.Key words: chicken gizzar, catfish spawners, pellet ABSTRAK         Saat ini budidaya ikan lele merupakan salah satu pilihan masyarakat, karena dipicu oleh banyaknya permintaan ikan lele. Namun dalam kegiatan budidaya yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat terkadang tidak memperhatikan aspek kualitas induk ikan lele tersebut. Kualitas induk ini juga tergantung dari kualitas pakan yang diberikan. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan pakan dengan kualitas yang baik agar menghasilkan induk lele yang berkualitas baik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dosis optimum komposisi penambahan ampela ayam dalam pakan terhadap performa reproduksi induk ikan lele. Pakan yang diberikan selama pematangan gonad induk ikan lele adalah pakan apung komersil merk Hi-Pro-Vite 781 dengan kandungan protein 30%-33% yang dikombinasikan dengan ampela ayam yang direbus. Perlakuan kombinasi pakan yang digunakan adalah: 1. Kontrol (Pellet), 2. 25% pellet, 75% ampela, 3. 50% pellet, 50% ampela, dan 4. 75% pellet, 25% ampela. Parameter yang diamati adalah fekunditas, lama rematurasi, derajat penetasan, dan derajat kelangsungan hidup larva. Hasil yang diperoleh memperlihatkan bahwa pakan kombinasi ampela 50 % dengan pellet 50 % merupakan kombinasi yang tepat untuk dapat meningkatkan fekunditas induk lele serta derajat penetasan dan derajat kelangsungan hidup larva yang dihasilkannya. Sedangkan pakan kombinasi ampela 75 % dengan pellet 25 % merupakan kombinasi yang tepat untuk meningkatkan rematurasi induk lele.Kata Kunci: ampela ayam, induk ikan lele, pelle

Speech enhancement Algorithm based on super-Gaussian modeling and orthogonal polynomials

© 2020 Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. All rights reserved. Different types of noise from the surrounding always interfere with speech and produce annoying signals for the human auditory system. To exchange speech information in a noisy environment, speech quality and intelligibility must be maintained, which is a challenging task. In most speech enhancement algorithms, the speech signal is characterized by Gaussian or super-Gaussian models, and noise is characterized by a Gaussian prior. However, these assumptions do not always hold in real-life situations, thereby negatively affecting the estimation, and eventually, the performance of the enhancement algorithm. Accordingly, this paper focuses on deriving an optimum low-distortion estimator with models that fit well with speech and noise data signals. This estimator provides minimum levels of speech distortion and residual noise with additional improvements in speech perceptual aspects via four key steps. First, a recent transform based on an orthogonal polynomial is used to transform the observation signal into a transform domain. Second, the noise classification based on feature extraction is adopted to find accurate and mutable models for noise signals. Third, two stages of nonlinear and linear estimators based on the minimum mean square error (MMSE) and new models for speech and noise are derived to estimate a clean speech signal. Finally, the estimated speech signal in the time domain is determined by considering the inverse of the orthogonal transform. The results show that the average classification accuracy of the proposed approach is 99.43%. In addition, the proposed algorithm significantly outperforms existing speech estimators in terms of quality and intelligibility measures

EVALUASI PERTUMBUHAN LIMA STRAIN IKAN NILA PADA MEDIA BERSALINITAS

Evaluation of Salinity Tolerance on Five Strains of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus).         The objective of the study was to evaluate the salinity tolerance of five strains of nile tilapia, BEST (Bogor Enhanced Strain Tilapia), Lokal Kuningan (LK), Red NIFI (RN), nila merah (NM) dan nila hitam (NH),  in 15 ppt saline water. Initial size of fish examined was 3-5 cm, reared in 100 x 40 x 60 cm aquaria with density of 25 fish per aquarium. Each strain had 4 replications. During experiment fish were fed with commercial pellet, 5% of body weigth per day. Observation was done on standard length,  body weight, biomass, and survival rate every 10 days for 1 month. Growth of length and body weight showed no differences among strains. For biomass,  BEST strain except with RN was significantly different (P<0.01) compare to NH, NM and LK. On the other hand, RN was not significantly different with NH, but significantly different with LK and NM.  For survival rate, BEST strain had the highest percentage among others and significantly different than LK, NM and NH. RN was also significantly different than LK, NM, and NH. The last three strains were not significant different among them.Keywords : Strain, oreochromis, salinity, growth ABSTRAK        Banyaknya lahan tambak yang tidak dioperasikan lagi (idle) merupakan lahan tidur yang perlu dioptimalkan Penelitian yang dilakukan bertujuan untuk melakukan evaluasi pertumbuhan benih ikan nila strain BEST (Bogor Enhanced Strain Tilapia), lokal Kuningan, Red NIFI, nila merah dan nila hitam di masyarakat pada media bersalinitas 15 ppt. Ikan uji yang digunakan berukuran 3-5 cm dipelihara dalam akuarium ukuran 100 x 40 x 60 cm dengan kepadatan 25 ekor menggunakan 4 ulangan untuk masing-masing strain. Selama pemeliharaan, ikan diberi pakan komersial (pellet) sebanyak 5% per hari dari bobot tubuh.  Pengamatan panjang baku, bobot tubuh, biomasa dan sintasan dilakukan setiap 10 hari sekali selama masa pemeliharaan. Pengamatan pertumbuhan panjang dan bobot tubuh memperlihatkan bahwa kelima strain yang diuji tidak memperlihatkan adanya perbedaan pertumbuhan panjang dan bobot. Untuk biomassa, BEST memberikan hasil yang terbaik dan berbeda nyata dengan NH, NM dan LK namun tidak berbeda nyata dengan RN. Sedangkan RN tidak berbeda nyata dengan NH (P < 0,01) tetapi berbeda nyata dengan LK dan NM. Untuk pengamatan sintasan, ikan nila BEST mempunyai nilai yang terbaik dan berbeda sangat nyata (P<0,01) dibandingkan dengan LK, NM dan NH tetapi tidak berbeda nyata dengan RN. Demikian pula untuk RN yang berbeda nyata dengan LK, NM dan NH. Sedangkan untuk ketiga strain lainnya (LK, NM dan NH) tidak memberikan perbedaan nyata satu sama lain. Kata kunci : Strain, oreochromis, salinitas, pertumbuha

PERFORMA GENOTIP IKAN TAMBAKAN Helostoma temminckii (CUVIER, 1829) POPULASI SUMATERA, JAWA DAN KALIMANTAN DENGAN METODE RANDOM AMPLIFIED POLYMORPHIC DNA (RAPD)

Genotype performance of Tambakan, Helostoma temminckii (Cuvier, 1829) from Sumatera, Java and Kalimantan Polulation using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD)        Tambakan, kissing gourami (Helostoma temminckii) is well known as a freshwater tropical  species from Southeast Asia. In Indonesia, tambakan is an important commodity. However, total production of tambakan tends to decrease. Therefore, domestication has urgently to be done to solve the problem of Tambakan population. Three different tambakan populations from Sumatera, Java and Kalimantan were observed to find good genetic resources for culture activity. This study aimed to investigate the genetic variation of tambakan especially from West Java, Jambi, and South Kalimantan province using RAPD. The result showed that the highest polymorphism and heterozygosity was from South Kalimantan population among others. The three population observed had the fragment size ranged from 100- 2000 bp. The highest genetic distance was between Sumatera and Kalimantan (0,2877), while the lowest was between Kalimantan and Java (0,1961). Key words: Helostoma temminckii, genetic, heterozigosity, genetic relationship ABSTRAK        Ikan tambakan (Helostoma temminckii) adalah salah satu jenis ikan air tawar yang berasal dari wilayah tropis, tepatnya Asia Tenggara. Di Indonesia ikan tambakan merupakan salah satu ikan komoditas penting. Saat ini, jumlah produksi ikan tambakan cenderung menurun. Sehingga domestikasi sangat diperlukan untuk mengatasi masalah peneurunan populasi tambakan Tiga populasi ikan tambakan dari Sumatera, Jawa dan Kalimantan diobeservasi untuk mendapatkan sumber genetic terbaik yang dapat digunakan untuk kegiatan budidaya.. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi keragaman genetika populasi ikan tambakan Jambi, Jawa Barat dan Kalimantan Selatan menggunakan metode RAPD. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa polimorfisme dan heterosigositas tertinggi terdapat pada populasi ikan tambakan Kalimantan Selatan jika dibandingkan dengan populasi ikan tambakan lainnya. Ukuran fragmen DNA teramplifikasi berkisar antara 100-2000 bp. Jarak genetik paling jauh adalah antara populasi tambakan Sumatera dengan Kalimantan (0,2877), sedangkan jarak genetik terendah adalah tambakan Kalimantan dengan Jawa (0,1961).Kata kunci: Helostoma temminckii, genetik, heterosigositas, kekerabata

A fast feature extraction algorithm for image and video processing

Medical images and videos are utilized to discover, diagnose and treat diseases. Managing, storing, and retrieving stored images effectively are considered important topics. The rapid growth of multimedia data, including medical images and videos, has caused a swift rise in data transmission volume and repository size. Multimedia data contains useful information; however, it consumes an enormous storage space. Therefore, high processing time for that sheer volume of data will be required. Image and video applications demand for reduction in computational cost (processing time) when extracting features. This paper introduces a novel method to compute transform coefficients (features) from images or video frames. These features are used to represent the local visual content of images and video frames. We compared the proposed method with the traditional approach of feature extraction using a standard image technique. Furthermore, the proposed method is employed for shot boundary detection (SBD) applications to detect transitions in video frames. The standard TRECVID 2005, 2006, and 2007 video datasets are used to evaluate the performance of the SBD applications. The achieved results show that the proposed algorithm significantly reduces the computational cost in comparison to the traditional method

Curved Tails in Polymerization-Based Bacterial Motility

The curved actin ``comet-tail'' of the bacterium Listeria monocytogenes is a visually striking signature of actin polymerization-based motility. Similar actin tails are associated with Shigella flexneri, spotted-fever Rickettsiae, the Vaccinia virus, and vesicles and microspheres in related in vitro systems. We show that the torque required to produce the curvature in the tail can arise from randomly placed actin filaments pushing the bacterium or particle. We find that the curvature magnitude determines the number of actively pushing filaments, independent of viscosity and of the molecular details of force generation. The variation of the curvature with time can be used to infer the dynamics of actin filaments at the bacterial surface.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figures, Latex2

Sequential decoupling of negative-energy states in Douglas-Kroll-Hess theory

Here, we review the historical development, current status, and prospects of Douglas--Kroll--Hess theory as a quantum chemical relativistic electrons-only theory.Comment: 15 page

Directed cell migration in the presence of obstacles

BACKGROUND: Chemotactic movement is a common feature of many cells and microscopic organisms. In vivo, chemotactic cells have to follow a chemotactic gradient and simultaneously avoid the numerous obstacles present in their migratory path towards the chemotactic source. It is not clear how cells detect and avoid obstacles, in particular whether they need a specialized biological mechanism to do so. RESULTS: We propose that cells can sense the presence of obstacles and avoid them because obstacles interfere with the chemical field. We build a model to test this hypothesis and find that this naturally enables efficient at-a-distance sensing to be achieved with no need for a specific and active obstacle-sensing mechanism. We find that (i) the efficiency of obstacle avoidance depends strongly on whether the chemotactic chemical reacts or remains unabsorbed at the obstacle surface. In particular, it is found that chemotactic cells generally avoid absorbing barriers much more easily than non-absorbing ones. (ii) The typically low noise in a cell's motion hinders the ability to avoid obstacles. We also derive an expression estimating the typical distance traveled by chemotactic cells in a 3D random distribution of obstacles before capture; this is a measure of the distance over which chemotaxis is viable as a means of directing cells from one point to another in vivo. CONCLUSION: Chemotactic cells, in many cases, can avoid obstacles by simply following the spatially perturbed chemical gradients around obstacles. It is thus unlikely that they have developed specialized mechanisms to cope with environments having low to moderate concentrations of obstacles