The Integration of Financial Markets: Empirical Evidence from South Asian Countries

The study analyzed financial market integration in the five countries of South Asia, Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Nepal. All the variables are found to be integrated of the same order in the case of Pakistan, India and Nepal. But for Bangladesh and Sri Lanka they are of different order. The study used Engle Granger (1987) two step methods to check the long run relationship in the case of three countries. There is no evidence of long run relationship between domestic savings and investments to GDP ratio. Further it is found that Indian financial market is not integrated with the world, while financial markets of other South Asian countries are integrated with the world. However, degree of integration is different for each country.Financial Market integration; South Asia; Pakistan; India; Bangladesh; Sri Lanka; Nepal

Kajian Produksi Nano Partikel Dari Arang Bambu Dengan Penumbuk Bola Baja Ukuran 3/16 Inchi

Nanoparticles are particles measuring between 1 to 1,000 nanometers (nm). Unit nm equals one billionth of a meter (0.000000001 m). This research uses bamboo charcoal as a material of making bamboo charcoal nanoparticles. Preparation of bamboo charcoal nanoparticle test materials using top-down method. This study aims to study the effect of the number of cycles from the mechanical collision method to the particle size and to obtain the visualization and composition of the particle elements produced. The study was carried out by the number of collisions of 2 million cycles with varying speeds of 800, 900, 1000, and 1100 Rpm. Furthermore, PSA testing was performed, the result of the PSA test showed the size of the bamboo charcoal particles in the variation of 800 RPS average size 462.3 nm, 900 Rpm average size 630.6 nm, 1000 Rpm average size 647,5 nm, and 1100 Rpm has an average size of 1354.5 nm. Furthermore, SEM testing to see the visualization of bamboo charcoal particles and the composition of bamboo charcoal particles. Based on the results of PSA and SEM testing the number of rpm increments in the shaker tool mils can not be the main benchmark to determine the size of the bamboo charcoal particles. And the contamination of other elements contained in the bamboo charcoal affects the size on the production process of bamboo charcoal nanoparticles

The Integration of Financial Markets: Empirical Evidence from South Asian Countries

The study analyzed financial market integration in the five countries of South Asia, Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Nepal. All the variables are found to be integrated of the same order in the case of Pakistan, India and Nepal. But for Bangladesh and Sri Lanka they are of different order. The study used Engle Granger (1987) two step methods to check the long run relationship in the case of three countries. There is no evidence of long run relationship between domestic savings and investments to GDP ratio. Further it is found that Indian financial market is not integrated with the world, while financial markets of other South Asian countries are integrated with the world. However, degree of integration is different for each country

Boron nitride nanoscrolls: structure, synthesis, and applications

This is the author accepted manuscriptBoron nitride nanoscrolls (BNS) are open-ended, one-dimensional (1D) nanostructures made by the process of rolling boron nitride nanosheets (BNNS) into a scroll-like morphology. BNS offer a high surface area to volume ratio and possess many unique properties (similar to carbon nanotubes (CNT), carbon nanoscrolls (CNS) and boron nitride nanotubes (BNT)) such as high resistance to oxidation, chemical stability, increased lubrication, high-temperature resistance, electrical insulation, the ability to cap molecules inside and at the ends,and a wide band gap regardless of chirality. Despite these attractive featuresand properties well suited for applications in biotechnology, energy storage, and electronics, the true potential of boron nitride, and BNS as the next ‘miracle material’ is yet to be fully explored. In this critical review, we assess, for the first time, various studies published on the formation, structural and dynamic characteristics of BNS, potential routes for BNS synthesis, and the toxicology of BNS. Finally, the future perspectives of BNS are discussed in view of its unique and exceptional candidacy for many (real-world) applications

The Integration of Financial Markets: Empirical Evidence from South Asian Countries

The study analyzed financial market integration in the five countries of South Asia, Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Nepal. All the variables are found to be integrated of the same order in the case of Pakistan, India and Nepal. But for Bangladesh and Sri Lanka they are of different order. The study used Engle Granger (1987) two step methods to check the long run relationship in the case of three countries. There is no evidence of long run relationship between domestic savings and investments to GDP ratio. Further it is found that Indian financial market is not integrated with the world, while financial markets of other South Asian countries are integrated with the world. However, degree of integration is different for each country

Attitudes and practices of postgraduate medical trainees towards research--a snapshot from Faisalabad

Objective: To assess the attitudes and practices of postgraduate medical trainees towards research.Methods: It was a self-administered questionnaire based cross-sectional survey conducted on 55 conveniently selected trainees in Allied Hospital, Faisalabad.Results: Only 11 trainees read journals monthly, seven had written an article for a journal, 51 regarded reading literature important, 39 intended to engage in future research and 37 said they received inappropriate research training. The major reasons cited for poor research activity in Pakistan were poor research training and awareness.CONCLUSION: Though the attitudes towards research were positive, they were deficient practically in terms of reading and writing literature. There is an immediate need to improve research training in our educational institutes to facilitate the development of the local literature both in terms of research utilization and productio

Servicing Delay Sensitive Pervasive Communication Through Adaptable Width Channelization for Supporting Mobile Edge Computing

Over the last fifteen years, wireless local area networks (WLANs) have been populated by large variety of pervasive devices hosting heterogeneous applications. Pervasive Edge computing encouraged more distributed network applications for these devices, eliminating the round-trip to help in achieving zero latency dream. However, These applications require significantly variable data rates for effective functioning, especially in pervasive computing. The static bandwidth of frequency channelization in current WLANs strictly restricts the maximum achievable data rate by a network station. This static behavior spawns two major drawbacks: under-utilization of scarce spectrum resources and less support to delay sensitive applications such as voice and video.To this point, if the computing is moved to the edge of the network WLANs to reduce the frequency of communication, the pervasive devices can be provided with better services during the communication and networking. Thus, we aim to distribute spectrum resources among pervasive resources based upon delay sensitivity of applications while simultaneously maintaining the fair channel access semantics of medium access control (MAC) layer of WLANs. Henceforth, ultra-low latency, efficiency and reliability of spectrum resources can be assured. In this paper, two novel algorithms have been proposed for adaptive channelization to offer rational distribution of spectrum resources among pervasive Edge nodes based on their bandwidth requirement and assorted ambient conditions. The proposed algorithms have been implemented on a real test bed of commercially available universal software radio peripheral (USRP) devices. Thorough investigations have been carried out to enumerate the effect of dynamic bandwidth channelization on parameters such as medium utilization, achievable throughput, service delay, channel access fairness and bit error rates. The achieved empirical results demonstrate that we can optimally enhance the network-wide throughput by almost 30% using channels of adaptable bandwidths

Diagnostic accuracy of the magnetocardiograph for patients with suspected acute coronary syndrome

Background We aimed to estimate the diagnostic accuracy of the VitalScan magnetocardiograph (MCG) for suspected acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Methods We undertook a prospective cohort study evaluating the diagnostic accuracy of the MCG in adults with suspected ACS. The reference standard of ACS was determined by an independent adjudication committee based on 30-day investigations and events. The cohort was split into a training sample, to derive the MCG algorithm and an algorithm combining MCG with a modified Manchester Acute Coronary Syndrome (MACS) clinical probability score, and a validation sample, to estimate diagnostic accuracy. Results We recruited 756 participants and analysed data from 680 (293 training, 387 validation), of whom 96 (14%) had ACS. In the training sample, the respective area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curves were the following: MCG 0.66 (95% CI 0.58 to 0.74), MACS 0.64 (95% CI 0.54 to 0.73) and MCG+MACS 0.70 (95% CI 0.63 to 0.77). MCG specificity was 0.16 (95% CI 0.12 to 0.21) at the threshold achieving acceptable sensitivity for rule-out (>0.98). In the validation sample (n=387), the respective AUROCs were the following: MCG 0.56 (95% CI 0.48 to 0.64), MACS 0.69 (95% CI 0.61 to 0.77) and MCG+MACS 0.64 (95% CI 0.56 to 0.72). MCG sensitivity was 0.89 (95% CI 0.77 to 0.95) and specificity 0.15 (95% CI 0.12 to 0.20) at the rule-out threshold. MCG+MACS sensitivity was 0.85 (95% CI 0.73 to 0.92) and specificity 0.30 (95% CI 0.25 to 0.35). Conclusion The VitalScan MCG is currently unable to accurately rule out ACS and is not yet ready for use in clinical practice. Further developmental research is required