The Balanced Scorecard (BSC) as a Multidimensional Performance Measurement System Tool: Case the Company of Algeria Post

This paper aimed to clarify the role that the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) as a performance measurement tool in the company of Algeria Post. The BSC is a strategic performance management system, has been proven suitable for the public sector as the financial aspect is not their only concern. The BSC is « A multidimensional performance measurement system that should serve as decision support for managers. It includes indicators of progress and delay as well as internal and external indicators. It organizes the measures in a coherent system around four balanced perspectives: financial perspective, customer perspective, internal process, learning, and growth ». (Kaplan. S & Norton, 2004, P186)

Comparaison du comportement tribologique de deux revêtements antifriction pour coussinets conventionnels

L'identification des propriétés tribologiques des matériaux reste encore une voie très ouverte. En effet, Ia problématique scientifique traitée par les chercheurs de divers laboratoires est centrée sur I' expérimentation et I' optimisation des propriétés mécaniques ( dureté, élasticité, plasticité, contraintes résiduelles ... etc.) et comportement tribologique (frottement, usure) [1]. Les activités qui en découlent sont par nature interdisciplinaires dans Ia mesure ou l'objectif partage par !'ensemble des études consiste a corréler les phénomènes physiques et chimiques, Ia composition et Ia micro structuration des couches avec leurs grandeurs mécaniques et leurs caractéristiques de frottement et usure identifiées par diverses méthodes et procédures de synthèses. Ces corrélations sont alors en mesure de conduire a un meilleur contrôle du procédé d' élaboration sur les caractéristiques tribologiques du matériau. Cet apport de connaissances est un préalable a tout développement applique qui pourrait être envisage a long terme, notamment dans une perspective industrielle de production de matériaux sollicites en particulier sur le plan mécanique [1-4]

Comparaison du comportement tribologique de deux revêtements antifriction pour coussinets conventionnels

L'identification des propriétés tribologiques des matériaux reste encore une voie très ouverte. En effet, Ia problématique scientifique traitée par les chercheurs de divers laboratoires est centrée sur I' expérimentation et I' optimisation des propriétés mécaniques ( dureté, élasticité, plasticité, contraintes résiduelles ... etc.) et comportement tribologique (frottement, usure) [1]. Les activités qui en découlent sont par nature interdisciplinaires dans Ia mesure ou l'objectif partage par !'ensemble des études consiste a corréler les phénomènes physiques et chimiques, Ia composition et Ia micro structuration des couches avec leurs grandeurs mécaniques et leurs caractéristiques de frottement et usure identifiées par diverses méthodes et procédures de synthèses. Ces corrélations sont alors en mesure de conduire a un meilleur contrôle du procédé d' élaboration sur les caractéristiques tribologiques du matériau. Cet apport de connaissances est un préalable a tout développement applique qui pourrait être envisage a long terme, notamment dans une perspective industrielle de production de matériaux sollicites en particulier sur le plan mécanique [1-4]

Comparaison du comportement tribologique de deux revêtements antifriction pour coussinets conventionnels

L'identification des propriétés tribologiques des matériaux reste encore une voie très ouverte. En effet, Ia problématique scientifique traitée par les chercheurs de divers laboratoires est centrée sur I' expérimentation et I' optimisation des propriétés mécaniques ( dureté, élasticité, plasticité, contraintes résiduelles ... etc.) et comportement tribologique (frottement, usure) [1]. Les activités qui en découlent sont par nature interdisciplinaires dans Ia mesure ou l'objectif partage par !'ensemble des études consiste a corréler les phénomènes physiques et chimiques, Ia composition et Ia micro structuration des couches avec leurs grandeurs mécaniques et leurs caractéristiques de frottement et usure identifiées par diverses méthodes et procédures de synthèses. Ces corrélations sont alors en mesure de conduire a un meilleur contrôle du procédé d' élaboration sur les caractéristiques tribologiques du matériau. Cet apport de connaissances est un préalable a tout développement applique qui pourrait être envisage a long terme, notamment dans une perspective industrielle de production de matériaux sollicites en particulier sur le plan mécanique [1-4]

Auriga Streams II: orbital properties of tidally disrupting satellites of Milky Way-mass galaxies

Galaxies like the Milky Way are surrounded by complex populations of satellites at all stages of tidal disruption. In this paper, we present a dynamical study of the disrupting satellite galaxies in the Auriga simulations that are orbiting 28 distinct Milky Way-mass hosts across three resolutions. We find that the satellite galaxy populations are highly disrupted. The majority of satellites that remain fully intact at present day were accreted recently without experiencing more than one pericentre () and have large apocentres () and pericentres (). The remaining satellites have experienced significant tidal disruption and, given full knowledge of the system, would be classified as stellar streams. We find stellar streams in Auriga across the range of pericentres and apocentres of the known Milky Way dwarf galaxy streams and, interestingly, overlapping significantly with the Milky Way intact satellite population. We find no significant change in satellite orbital distributions across resolution. However, we do see substantial halo-to-halo variance of distributions across host galaxies, as well as a dependence of satellite orbits on host halo mass–systems disrupt at larger pericentres and apocentres in more massive hosts. Our results suggest that either cosmological simulations (including, but not limited to, Auriga) are disrupting satellites far too readily, or that the Milky Way’s satellites are more disrupted than current imaging surveys have revealed. Future observing facilities and careful mock observations of these systems will be key to revealing the nature of this apparent discrepancy

Astrophysical Tests of Dark Matter with Maunakea Spectroscopic Explorer

We discuss how astrophysical observations with the Maunakea Spectroscopic Explorer (MSE), a high-multiplexity (about 4300 fibers), wide field-of-view (1.5 square degree), large telescope aperture (11.25 m) facility, can probe the particle nature of dark matter. MSE will conduct a suite of surveys that will provide critical input for determinations of the mass function, phase-space distribution, and internal density profiles of dark matter halos across all mass scales. N-body and hydrodynamical simulations of cold, warm, fuzzy and self-interacting dark matter suggest that non-trivial dynamics in the dark sector could have left an imprint on structure formation. Analysed within these frameworks, the extensive and unprecedented datasets produced by MSE will be used to search for deviations away from cold and collisionless dark matter model. MSE will provide an improved estimate of the local density of dark matter, critical for direct detection experiments, and will improve estimates of the J-factor for indirect searches through self-annihilation or decay into Standard Model particles. MSE will determine the impact of low mass substructures on the dynamics of Milky Way stellar streams in velocity space, and will allow for estimates of the density profiles of the dark matter halos of Milky Way dwarf galaxies using more than an order of magnitude more tracers. In the low redshift Universe, MSE will provide critical redshifts to pin down the luminosity functions of vast numbers of satellite systems, and MSE will be an essential component of future strong lensing measurements to constrain the halo mass function. Across nearly all mass scales, the improvements offered by MSE, in comparison to other facilities, are such that the relevant analyses are limited by systematics rather than statistics.Comment: 44 pages, 19 figures. To appear as a chapter for "The Detailed Science Case for the Maunakea Spectroscopic Explorer, 2019

First results on ProtoDUNE-SP liquid argon time projection chamber performance from a beam test at the CERN Neutrino Platform

The ProtoDUNE-SP detector is a single-phase liquid argon time projection chamber with an active volume of 7.2× 6.1× 7.0 m3. It is installed at the CERN Neutrino Platform in a specially-constructed beam that delivers charged pions, kaons, protons, muons and electrons with momenta in the range 0.3 GeV/c to 7 GeV/c. Beam line instrumentation provides accurate momentum measurements and particle identification. The ProtoDUNE-SP detector is a prototype for the first far detector module of the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment, and it incorporates full-size components as designed for that module. This paper describes the beam line, the time projection chamber, the photon detectors, the cosmic-ray tagger, the signal processing and particle reconstruction. It presents the first results on ProtoDUNE-SP\u27s performance, including noise and gain measurements, dE/dx calibration for muons, protons, pions and electrons, drift electron lifetime measurements, and photon detector noise, signal sensitivity and time resolution measurements. The measured values meet or exceed the specifications for the DUNE far detector, in several cases by large margins. ProtoDUNE-SP\u27s successful operation starting in 2018 and its production of large samples of high-quality data demonstrate the effectiveness of the single-phase far detector design

Supernova Neutrino Burst Detection with the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment

The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE), a 40-kton underground liquid argon time projection chamber experiment, will be sensitive to the electron-neutrino flavor component of the burst of neutrinos expected from the next Galactic core-collapse supernova. Such an observation will bring unique insight into the astrophysics of core collapse as well as into the properties of neutrinos. The general capabilities of DUNE for neutrino detection in the relevant few- to few-tens-of-MeV neutrino energy range will be described. As an example, DUNE's ability to constrain the ν_e spectral parameters of the neutrino burst will be considered

Prospects for Beyond the Standard Model Physics Searches at the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment

The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) will be a powerful tool for a variety of physics topics. The high-intensity proton beams provide a large neutrino flux, sampled by a near detector system consisting of a combination of capable precision detectors, and by the massive far detector system located deep underground. This configuration sets up DUNE as a machine for discovery, as it enables opportunities not only to perform precision neutrino measurements that may uncover deviations from the present three-flavor mixing paradigm, but also to discover new particles and unveil new interactions and symmetries beyond those predicted in the Standard Model (SM). Of the many potential beyond the Standard Model (BSM) topics DUNE will probe, this paper presents a selection of studies quantifying DUNE's sensitivities to sterile neutrino mixing, heavy neutral leptons, non-standard interactions, CPT symmetry violation, Lorentz invariance violation, neutrino trident production, dark matter from both beam induced and cosmogenic sources, baryon number violation, and other new physics topics that complement those at high-energy colliders and significantly extend the present reach