527 research outputs found
Sociocultural Responses to COVID-19 and the Theory of Hegemonic Stability
This study examines the international political impact of COVID-19 and looks into the relationship between hegemonic stability theory and pandemics. Focusing on the sociocultural response to COVID-19, a factor decomposition was carried out on the coronavirus disease 2019-20 infection rates and mortality rates in 44 countries. An international comparison excluding vaccination periods reveals sociocultural tendencies in infection rate and mortality mapping that can be called regimes in health care policy. Several Latin American and Middle Eastern middle-income countries record similarly high rates of mortality. In contrast, Western countries tend to show low mortality but high infection rates. With the notable examples of the United States and Belgium, most Western countries are mapped in this cluster. Several Asian countries are mapped in the cluster of low infection and low mortality rates. While the establishment of the World Health Organization (WHO) is considered an international public good, regulating people’s behavior is difficult and suppling vaccines in developing countries is likely to encounter difficulties. Vaccination is a supply of public goods, but the supply needs to be carried out by private companies for the construction of a vaccination supply chain. Though they are supporting WHO and encouraging vaccinations, the hegemonic powers are still likely to experience economic stagnation as an outcome of the pandemic
Photometric Properties of Kiso Ultraviolet-Excess Galaxies in the Lynx-Ursa Major Region
We have performed a systematic study of several regions in the sky where the
number of galaxies exhibiting star formation (SF) activity is greater than
average. We used Kiso ultraviolet-excess galaxies (KUGs) as our SF-enhanced
sample. By statistically comparing the KUG and non-KUG distributions, we
discovered four KUG-rich regions with a size of . One of these regions corresponds spatially to a filament of length
Mpc in the Lynx-Ursa Major region (). We call this ``the Lynx-Ursa
Major (LUM) filament''. We obtained surface photometry of 11 of
the KUGs in the LUM filament and used these to investigate the integrated
colors, distribution of SF regions, morphologies, and local environments. We
found that these KUGs consist of distorted spiral galaxies and compact galaxies
with blue colors. Their star formation occurs in the entire disk, and is not
confined to just the central regions. The colors of the SF regions imply that
active star formation in the spiral galaxies occurred yr ago,
while that of the compact objects occurred yr ago. Though the
photometric characteristics of these KUGs are similar to those of interacting
galaxies or mergers, most of these KUGs do not show direct evidence of merger
processes.Comment: 39 pages LaTeX, using aasms4.sty, 20 figures, ApJS accepted. The
Title of the previous one was truncated by the author's mistake, and is
corrected. Main body of the paper is unchange
Optical Alignment System for the PHENIX Muon Tracking Chambers
A micron-precision optical alignment system (OASys) for the PHENIX muon
tracking chambers is developed. To ensure the required mass resolution of
vector meson detection, the relative alignment between three tracking station
chambers must be monitored with a precision of 25m. The OASys is a
straightness monitoring system comprised of a light source, lens and CCD
camera, used for determining the initial placement as well as for monitoring
the time dependent movement of the chambers on a micron scale.Comment: Accepted for the publication in Nucl.Instr.Meth.
Capacitar profissionais para trabalhar/difundir a segurança alimentar e nutricional da comunidade
Trabalho apresentado no II Congresso Nacional do PROJETO RONDON, realizado em Florianópolis, SC, no período de 23 a 25 de setembro de 2015 - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina.O conceito de Segurança alimentar e Nutricional (SAN) é muito amplo, define-se como o direito de todos ao acesso a alimentos de qualidade e em quantidade, sem comprometer o acesso a outras necessidades essenciais. Além disso, a SAN constitui a prática de uma alimentação adequada com alimentos saudáveis, e consumir nutrientes necessários para as atividades diárias de cada cidadão. Sendo assim, foi desenvolvida durante a Operação Bororos - julho/2015, no Conjunto A de atividades no município de Nortelândia/MT, uma oficina que objetivou o esclarecimento dos direitos supracitados a toda população, além de promover o conhecimento sobre os alimentos que estão disponíveis para o consumo, e quais os benefícios que estes podem trazer para a saúde, sua quantidade e variedade adequada. Além de direcionar formas de promoção à alimentação saudável e de auto produção e consumo. Esta oficina foi desenvolvida na Escola Municipal Júlio Praxe de Duarte com auxílio de recursos audiovisuais para 47 pessoas que incluíam profissionais da área da saúde, merendeiras e comunidade em geral. Foram dois dias de atividade no período integral (manhã e tarde), onde no primeiro dia foram desenvolvidas atividades teóricas sobre conceitos de SAN, componentes dos alimentos, grupos alimentares, e aspectos de higiene alimentar. No segundo dia foram desenvolvidas atividades práticas, sendo construída, no período matutino uma horta comunitária no pátio da escola e no período vespertino praticado o monitoramento da SAN para a população, como exemplo, a realização do cálculo do Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC). Foi verificado que houve impacto das informações sobre a população, que se sentiu esclarecida, sendo ouvidos muitos relatos que deixou exposto que o ato de alimentar-se não expressava tanta preocupação com relação a qualidade e propósito dos alimentos. Também constatou-se que o conhecimento sobre como alimentar-se, e o que ingerir, e o porquê consumir tais alimentos apresentaram conceitos novos. Conclui-se desta forma que a atividade promoveu um impacto sobre a comunidade implicando em sua qualidade de vida, e que poderá ser replicada mesmo após a conclusão do trabalho dos rondonistas
Rotational and Cyclical Variability in gamma Cassiopeia
We report results of a nine-year monitoring effort on the unusual classical
Be with a robotic ground-based (APT) B,V-filtered telescope as well as
simultaneous observations in 2004 November with this instrument and the RXTE
(X-ray) telescope. Our observations disclosed no correlated optical response to
the rapid X-ray flares in this star, nor did the star show any sustained flux
changes during the course of either of the two monitored nights in either
wavelength regime. Our optical light curves reveal that gamma Cas undergoes
\~3%-amplitude cycles with lengths of 60--90 days. Over the nine days we
monitored the star with the RXTE, the X-ray flux varied in phase with its
optical cycle and with an amplitude predicted from correlated optical/X-ray
data from an earlier paper. The amplitudes of the V magnitude cycles are
30--40% larger than the B amplitudes, suggesting the seat of the cycles is
circumstellar. The cycle lengths constantly change and can damp or grow on
timescales as short as 13 days. We have also discovered a coherent period of
1.21581 +/-0.00002 days in all our data, which is consistent only with
rotation. The full amplitude of this variation is 0.0060 in both filters. The
derived waveform, somewhat surprisingly, is almost sawtooth in shape. This
variation probably originates on the star's surface. This circumstance hints at
the existence of a strong magnetic field with a complex topology and an
associated heterogeneous surface composition.Comment: 31 pages, 7 figures. Submitted to The Astrophysical Journa
X-ray and Optical Variations in the Classical Be Star gamma Cas
gamma Cas (B0.5e) is known to be a unique X-ray source because ot its
moderate L_x, hard X-ray spectrum, and light curve punctuated by ubiquitous
flares and slow undulations. Its X-ray peculiarities have led to a controversy
concerning their origin: either from wind infall onto a putative degenerate
companion, as for typical Be/X-ray binaries, or from the Be star per se. Recent
progress has been made to address this: (1) the discovery that gamma Cas is an
eccentric binary system (P = 203.59 d) with unknown secondary type, (2) the
accumulation of RXTE data at 9 epochs in 1996-2000, and (3) the collation of
robotic telescope B, V-band photometric observations over 4 seasons. The latter
show a 3%, cyclical flux variation with cycle lengths 55-93 days. We find that
X-ray fluxes at all 9 epochs show random variations with orbital phase. This
contradicts the binary accretion model, which predicts a substantial
modulation. However,these fluxes correlate well with the cyclical optical
variations. Also, the 6 flux measurements in 2000 closely track the
interpolated optical variations between the 2000 and 2001 observing seasons.
Since the optical variations represent a far greater energy than that emitted
as X-rays, the optical variability cannot arise from X-ray reprocessing.
However, the strong correlation between the two suggests that they are driven
by a common mechanism. We propose that this mechanism is a cyclical magnetic
dynamo excited by a Balbus-Hawley instability located within the inner part of
the circumstellar disk. In our model, variations in the field strength directly
produce the changes in the magnetically related X-ray activity. Turbulence
associated with the dynamo results in changes to the density distribution
within the disk and creates the observed optical variations.Comment: 30 dbl-spaced pages, Latex, plus 11 figures. Accepted by Ap
Azimuthal Angle Correlations for Rapidity Separated Hadron Pairs in d+Au Collisions at sqrt(s_NN) = 200 GeV
We report on two-particle azimuthal angle correlations between charged
hadrons at forward/backward (deuteron/gold going direction) rapidity and
charged hadrons at mid-rapidity in deuteron-gold (d+Au) and proton-proton (p+p)
collisions at sqrt(s_NN) = 200 GeV. Jet structures are observed in the
correlations which we quantify in terms of the conditional yield and angular
width of away side partners. The kinematic region studied here samples partons
in the gold nucleus carrying nucleon momentum fraction x~0.1 to x~0.01. Within
this range, we find no x dependence of the jet structure in d+Au collisions.Comment: 330 authors, 6 pages text, 4 figures, no tables. Submitted to Phys.
Rev. Lett. Plain text data tables for the points plotted in figures for this
and previous PHENIX publications are (or will be) publicly available at
http://www.phenix.bnl.gov/papers.htm
Centrality dependence of charged hadron production in deuteron+gold and nucleon+gold collisions at sqrt(s_NN)=200 GeV
We present transverse momentum (p_T) spectra of charged hadrons measured in
deuteron-gold and nucleon-gold collisions at \sqrts = 200 GeV for four
centrality classes. Nucleon-gold collisions were selected by tagging events in
which a spectator nucleon was observed in one of two forward rapidity
detectors. The spectra and yields were investigated as a function of the number
of binary nucleon-nucleon collisions, \nu, suffered by deuteron nucleons. A
comparison of charged particle yields to those in p+p collisions show that the
yield per nucleon-nucleon collision saturates with \nu for high momentum
particles. We also present the charged hadron to neutral pion ratios as a
function of p_T.Comment: 330 authors, 15 pages text, 16 figures, 3 tables. Submitted to Phys.
Rev. Lett. v2 has minor changes to reflect revisions during review process.
Plain text data tables for the points plotted in figures for this and
previous PHENIX publications are (or will be) publicly available at
http://www.phenix.bnl.gov/papers.htm
Jet Structure from Dihadron Correlations in d+Au collisions at sqrt(s_NN) = 200 GeV
Dihadron correlations at high transverse momentum in d+Au collisions at
sqrt(s_NN) = 200 GeV at midrapidity are measured by the PHENIX experiment at
the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). From these correlations we extract
several structural characteristics of jets; the root-mean-squared (RMS)
transverse momentum of fragmenting hadrons with respect to the jet
sqrt(), the mean sine-squared angle between the scattered partons
, and the number of particles produced within the dijet that are
associated with a high-p_T particle (dN/dx_E distributions). We observe that
the fragmentation characteristics of jets in d+Au collisions are very similar
to those in p+p collisions and that there is also little dependence on the
centrality of the d+Au collision. This is consistent with the nuclear medium
having little influence on the fragmentation process. Furthermore, there is no
statistically significant increase in the value of from p+p to
d+Au collisions. This constrains the amount of multiple scattering that partons
undergo in the cold nuclear medium before and after a hard-collision.Comment: 330 authors, 30 pages text, RevTeX4, 42 figures, 20 tables. Submitted
to Physical Review C. Plain text data tables for the points plotted in
figures for this and previous PHENIX publications are (or will be) publicly
available at http://www.phenix.bnl.gov/papers.htm
Transverse momentum and centrality dependence of dihadron correlations in Au+Au collisions at sqrt(s_NN)=200 GeV: Jet-quenching and the response of partonic matter
Azimuthal angle \Delta\phi correlations are presented for charged hadrons
from dijets for 0.4 < p_T < 10 GeV/c in Au+Au collisions at sqrt(s_NN) = 200
GeV. With increasing p_T, the away-side distribution evolves from a broad to a
concave shape, then to a convex shape. Comparisons to p+p data suggest that the
away-side can be divided into a partially suppressed "head" region centered at
Delta\phi ~ \pi, and an enhanced "shoulder" region centered at Delta\phi ~ \pi
+/- 1.1. The p_T spectrum for the "head" region softens toward central
collisions, consistent with the onset of jet quenching. The spectral slope for
the "shoulder" region is independent of centrality and trigger p_T, which
offers constraints on energy transport mechanisms and suggests that the
"shoulder" region contains the medium response to energetic jets.Comment: 420 authors from 58 institutions, 6 pages, 4 figures. Submitted to
Physical Review Letters. Plain text data tables for the points plotted in
figures for this and previous PHENIX publications are (or will be) publicly
available at http://www.phenix.bnl.gov/papers.htm
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