4,869 research outputs found
Website Satisfaction Dan Commercial Friendships Sebagai Strategi Pemasaran Untuk Mencapai Keuntungan Jangka Panjang
With the realization of globalization in the world economies, market opportunities seem to be never-ending. Companies must be fast and always advance in achieving better performance and in delivering the optimal satisfaction for its customers. Internet has opened a superhighway of higher level of competition which information is vulnerable. Because of this by integrating the Internet technology into marketing strategy, companies will be able to enjoy the fullest competitive advantages offered by the internet. This article promotes web satisfaction and friendships as a means for company in achieving long term profitability. Consumers who are satisfied with the company’s website generate loyalty as seen the level of repurchase behavior, intention to buy and positive word of mouth. Meanwhile the degree of friendship also influences satisfaction between the interaction of provider and its customer
Submillimeter H2O masers in water-fountain nebulae
We report the first detection of submillimeter water maser emission toward
water-fountain nebulae, which are post-AGB stars that exhibit high-velocity
water masers. Using APEX we found emission in the ortho-H2O (10_29-9_36)
transition at 321.226 GHz toward three sources: IRAS 15445-5449, IRAS
18043-2116 and IRAS 18286-0959. Similarly to the 22 GHz masers, the
submillimeter water masers are expanding with a velocity larger than that of
the OH masers, suggesting that these masers also originate in fast bipolar
outflows. In IRAS 18043-2116 and IRAS 18286-0959, which figure among the
sources with the fastest water masers, the velocity range of the 321 GHz masers
coincides with that of the 22 GHz masers, indicating that they likely coexist.
Towards IRAS 15445-5449 the submillimeter masers appear in a different velocity
range, indicating that they are tracing different regions. The intensity of the
submillimeter masers is comparable to that of the 22 GHz masers, implying that
the kinetic temperature of the region where the masers originate should be Tk >
1000 K. We propose that the passage of two shocks through the same gas can
create the conditions necessary to explain the presence of strong high-velocity
321 GHz masers coexisting with the 22 GHz masers in the same region.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figure. Accepted for publication in A&A Letter
Monotonic Prefix Consistency in Distributed Systems
We study the issue of data consistency in distributed systems. Specifically,
we consider a distributed system that replicates its data at multiple sites,
which is prone to partitions, and which is assumed to be available (in the
sense that queries are always eventually answered). In such a setting, strong
consistency, where all replicas of the system apply synchronously every
operation, is not possible to implement. However, many weaker consistency
criteria that allow a greater number of behaviors than strong consistency, are
implementable in available distributed systems. We focus on determining the
strongest consistency criterion that can be implemented in a convergent and
available distributed system that tolerates partitions. We focus on objects
where the set of operations can be split into updates and queries. We show that
no criterion stronger than Monotonic Prefix Consistency (MPC) can be
implemented.Comment: Submitted pape
First principles derivation of a Rayleigh Gans Debye model for scattering from anisotropic inhomogeneities
Scattering problems are important in describing light propagation in wide
ranging media such as the atmosphere, colloidal solutions, metamaterials, glass
ceramic composites, transparent polycrystalline ceramics, and surfaces. The
Rayleigh Gans Debye (RGD) approximation has enjoyed great success in describing
a wide range of scattering phenomena. We derive a generalized RGD formulation
from the perturbation of Maxwell equations. In contrast to most treatments of
RGD scattering, our formulation can model any soft scattering phenomena in
linear media, including scattering by stochastic process, lossy media, and by
anisotropic inhomogeneities occurring at multiple length scales. Our
first-principles derivation makes explicit underlying assumptions and provides
jumping off points for more general treatments. The derivation also facilitates
a deeper understanding of soft scattering. It is demonstrated that sources of
scattering are not interfaces as is often presumed, but excess accelerating
charges emitting uncompensated radiation. Approximations to the equations are
also presented and discussed. For example, the scattering coefficient in the
large size RGD limit is shown to be proportional to the correlation length and
the variance of a projected phase shift
Quantum evolution according to real clocks
We characterize good clocks, which are naturally subject to fluctuations, in
statistical terms. We also obtain the master equation that governs the
evolution of quantum systems according to these clocks and find its general
solution. This master equation is diffusive and produces loss of coherence.
Moreover, real clocks can be described in terms of effective interactions that
are nonlocal in time. Alternatively, they can be modeled by an effective
thermal bath coupled to the system.Comment: RevTeX 3.01, 6 page
An Origin of the Huge Far-Infrared Luminosity of Starburst Mergers
Recently Taniguchi and Ohyama found that the higher CO to CO
integrated intensity ratios at a transition =1--0, CO)CO) , in a sample of starburst merging
galaxies such as Arp 220 are mainly attributed to the depression of CO
emission with respect to CO. Investigating the same sample of galaxies
analyzed by Taniguchi & Ohyama, we find that there is a tight, almost linear
correlation between the dust mass and CO luminosity. This implies that
dust grains are also depressed in the high- starburst mergers, leading to
the higher dust temperature () in them because of the relative
increase in the radiation density. Nevertheless, the average dust mass () of the high- starburst mergers is higher significantly than that of
non-high galaxies. This is naturally understood because the galaxy mergers
could accumulate a lot of dust grains from their progenitor galaxies together
with supply of dust grains formed newly in the star forming regions. Since
(FIR) given the dust emissivity law, , the increases in both and
explain well why the starburst mergers are so bright in the FIR. We discuss
that the superwind activity plays an important role in destroying dust grains
as well as dense gas clouds in the central region of mergers.Comment: 10 pages (aaspp4.sty), 3 postscript figures (embedded). Accepted for
publication in Astrophysical Journal Letter
Large Solar Neutrino Mixing in an Extended Zee Model
The Zee model, which employs the standard Higgs scalar () with its
duplicate () and a singly charged scalar (), can utilize two
global symmetries associated with the conservation of the numbers of and
, , where coincides
with the hypercharge while () is a new
conserved charge, which is identical to for the left-handed
leptons. Charged leptons turn out to have - and - mixing
masses, which are found to be crucial for the large solar neutrino mixing. In
an extended version of the Zee model with an extra triplet Higgs scalar (s),
neutrino oscillations are described by three steps: 1) the maximal atmospheric
mixing is induced by democratic mass terms supplied by with =2 that can
initiate the type II seesaw mechanism for the smallness of these masses; 2) the
maximal solar neutrino mixing is triggered by the creation of radiative masses
by with = 0; 3) the large solar neutrino mixing is finally induced by
a - mixing arising from the rotation of the radiative mass
terms as a result of the diagonalization that converts - and -
mixing masses into the electron mass.Comment: RevTex, 10 pages including one figure page, to be published in Int.
J. Mod. Phys. A (2002
Quantum Electromagnetic Wormholes and Geometrical Description of the Electric Charge
I present and discuss a class of solutions of the Wheeler-de Witt equation
describing wormholes generated by coupling of gravity to the electromagnetic
field for Kantowski-Sachs and Bianchi I spacetimes. Since the electric charge
can be viewed as electric lines of force trapped in a finite region of
spacetime, these solutions can be interpreted as the quantum corresponding of
the Ein\-stein\--Ro\-sen\--Mis\-ner\--Whee\-ler electromagnetic geon.Comment: 13 pages, PLAIN TEX, Report No: SISSA 92/94/A (to appear in Phys.
Rev. D15
Hilbert space of wormholes
Wormhole boundary conditions for the Wheeler--DeWitt equation can be derived
from the path integral formulation. It is proposed that the wormhole wave
function must be square integrable in the maximal analytic extension of
minisuperspace. Quantum wormholes can be invested with a Hilbert space
structure, the inner product being naturally induced by the minisuperspace
metric, in which the Wheeler--DeWitt operator is essentially self--adjoint.
This provides us with a kind of probabilistic interpretation. In particular,
giant wormholes will give extremely small contributions to any wormhole state.
We also study the whole spectrum of the Wheeler--DeWitt operator and its role
in the calculation of Green's functions and effective low energy interactions.Comment: 23 pages, 2 figures available upon request, REVTE
Minimum Length from Quantum Mechanics and Classical General Relativity
We derive fundamental limits on measurements of position, arising from
quantum mechanics and classical general relativity. First, we show that any
primitive probe or target used in an experiment must be larger than the Planck
length, . This suggests a Planck-size {\it minimum ball} of uncertainty in
any measurement. Next, we study interferometers (such as LIGO) whose precision
is much finer than the size of any individual components and hence are not
obviously limited by the minimum ball. Nevertheless, we deduce a fundamental
limit on their accuracy of order . Our results imply a {\it device
independent} limit on possible position measurements.Comment: 8 pages, latex, to appear in the Physical Review Letter
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