Dynamics of the Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act of 1996: The Splitting-up of American Families (Comment)

The Immigration and Naturalization Act (hereinafter INA) of 1952 provided a basis for family-sponsored immigration because it sought to conserve a unified family. With the 1996 reform, and specifically §§ 212(a)(4), 212(a)(9), and the elimination of § 245(i). the INA will have the ultimate negative effect of separating immigrant families who are already in the United States or are attempting to immigrate to the United States. Even though many more sections exist which will have the effect of dispersing families, these three sections must and will be looked at more closely because prior to passage of the IIRIRA, many families relied on them to remain together (i.e. gain permanent residency status). Part II of this comment will discuss background information necessary to understand the different changes caused by IIRIRA. Part III of this comment will discuss how § 212(a)(9) is affecting immigrant families in the United States. The effect of section 245(i) on families of mixed citizenship is discussed in part IV of this comment. Finally. Part V discusses the separation of families that will occur with section 212(a)(9). This comment will discuss these sections and their ultimate effects on families - especially those families consisting of American citizens, legal permanent residents, and undocumented immigrants. This comment will end by proposing that Congress institute another legalization program similar to the 1986 legislation and allow many undocumented immigrants to gain residency

A non extensive approach for DNA breaking by ionizing radiation

Tsallis entropy and a maximum entropy principle allows to reproduce experimental data of DNA double strand breaking by electron and neutron radiation. Analytic results for the probability of finding a DNA segment of length l are obtained reproducing quite well the fragment distribution function experimentally obtained

Design And Optimization Of Pv/diesel Hybrid Power System In A Hotel

Electric power is a necessity for the development of a society, without it would be impossible to see the world as we actually know. Its use is closely related to modern life and human development. Renewable energy is a good alternative for energy supply in regions where conventional power networks are absent or service quality is intermittent. The importance of these renewable energy sources lies in their lower emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) to atmosphere and the reduced dependency on raw materials for importation and transport for power generation. Renewable energy is becoming economically competitive in the short to medium term. Hybrid power systems is a novel approach recently gaining popularity, since they combine multiple sources of renewable energy such as solar, wind, mini hydro-power, and also could include conventional generators as support. This combination allows the optimization of the power generation system by reducing emissions from the petroleum and coal based energy sources. This paper presents a pilot hybrid power system design for the power supply in the hotel ‘La mansion’ in the town of Acacias, Meta (Colombia). Simulation and optimization were based on a computer program known as HOGA educational version 2.2, which initially considered economic parameters associated to photovoltaic system such as: overall power, replacement cost and operation and maintenance costs, as well as all powers to consider in the simulation. The main purpose is to present an alternative power source in the hotel located in an area with high rates of power outages, and gradually include photovoltaic solar power combined with conventional energy supply, to meet the energy demand when the peak consumption periods occurs during power outages from the power grid. This paper confirmed that hybrid power systems are a good energy supply alternative as auxiliary small power systems because they are capable of supplying the power demands during power grid outages or even in total absence of the power grid. Simulations showed that the combination of diesel and solar photovoltaics is a good alternative to meet lighting power demand in the hotel ‘La Mansion’, even in night hours thanks to the battery storag

Bioinspired snapping-claw apparatus to study hydrodynamic cavitation effects on the corrosion of metallic samples

A creative low-cost and compact mechanical device that mimics the rapid closure of the pistol shrimp claw was used to conduct electrochemical experiments, in order to study the effects of hydrodynamic cavitation on the corrosion of aluminum and steel samples. Current-time curves show significant changes associated with local variations in dissolved O2 concentration, cavitation-induced erosion and changes in the nature of the surface corrosion products

Comparing Strategies to Prevent Stroke and Ischemic Heart Disease in the Tunisian Population: Markov Modeling Approach Using a Comprehensive Sensitivity Analysis Algorithm.

Background. Mathematical models offer the potential to analyze and compare the effectiveness of very different interventions to prevent future cardiovascular disease. We developed a comprehensive Markov model to assess the impact of three interventions to reduce ischemic heart diseases (IHD) and stroke deaths: (i) improved medical treatments in acute phase, (ii) secondary prevention by increasing the uptake of statins, (iii) primary prevention using health promotion to reduce dietary salt consumption. Methods. We developed and validated a Markov model for the Tunisian population aged 35–94 years old over a 20-year time horizon. We compared the impact of specific treatments for stroke, lifestyle, and primary prevention on both IHD and stroke deaths. We then undertook extensive sensitivity analyses using both a probabilistic multivariate approach and simple linear regression (metamodeling). Results. The model forecast a dramatic mortality rise, with 111,134 IHD and stroke deaths (95% CI 106567 to 115048) predicted in 2025 in Tunisia. The salt reduction offered the potentially most powerful preventive intervention that might reduce IHD and stroke deaths by 27% (−30240 [−30580 to −29900]) compared with 1% for medical strategies and 3% for secondary prevention. The metamodeling highlighted that the initial development of a minor stroke substantially increased the subsequent probability of a fatal stroke or IHD death. Conclusions. The primary prevention of cardiovascular disease via a reduction in dietary salt consumption appeared much more effective than secondary or tertiary prevention approaches. Our simple but comprehensive model offers a potentially attractive methodological approach that might now be extended and replicated in other contexts and populations

The Nature of Nearby Counterparts to Intermediate Redshift Luminous Compact Blue Galaxies I. Optical/H I Properties and Dynamical Masses

We present single-dish H I spectra obtained with the Green Bank Telescope, along with optical photometric properties from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, of 20 nearby (D < 70 Mpc) Luminous Compact Blue Galaxies (LCBGs). These ~L*, blue, high surface brightness, starbursting galaxies were selected with the same criteria used to define LCBGs at higher redshifts. We find these galaxies are gas-rich, with M(HI) ranging from 5*10^8 to 8*10^9 M_sun, and M(HI)/L_B ranging from 0.2 to 2 M_sun/L_sun, consistent with a variety of morphological types of galaxies. We find the dynamical masses (measured within R_25) span a wide range, from 3*10^9 to 1*10^11 M_sun. However, at least half have dynamical mass-to-light ratios smaller than nearby galaxies of all Hubble types, as found for LCBGs at intermediate redshifts. By comparing line widths and effective radii with local galaxy populations, we find that LCBGs are consistent with the dynamical mass properties of Magellanic (low luminosity) spirals, and the more massive irregulars and dwarf ellipticals, such as NGC 205.Comment: 33 pages, 8 figures, accepted by Ap