Le Pont de Pierre de Charlieu (Loire). Archéologie d’un ouvrage d’art : construction et évolution architecturale

En 2011, une opération d’archéologie préventive, suite à une prescription émise par l’État (DRAC Rhône-Alpes), a permis d’accroître nos connaissances sur le pont de Pierre de Charlieu (Loire), en saisissant l’opportunité des travaux de réparation de l’ouvrage par le conseil général de la Loire.Ce pont en pierre, qui permet de franchir la rivière “ le Sornin ” affluent de la Loire, est situé au sud de l’agglomération de Charlieu.Aucune synthèse ne fait état des passages ayant existé sur la commune de Charlieu.La connaissance de ce pont à travers les textes est plutôt maigre. On ne connaît pas sa date de construction. Seul un terrier évoque déjà sa présence en 1432. Un texte mentionne qu’il est en réparation en 1733. En 1861, son tablier est élargi en amont. En 1938, les trois piles sud sont renforcées.À l’heure actuelle, où souvent les vestiges de ponts se trouvent détruits par les pelles mécaniques sans que personne ne puisse intervenir, l’investigation archéologique a permis d’apporter des données conséquentes sur la connaissance de ce pont.D’après les marchés de construction, ce type de fondation est bien connu à partir du XVe s., mais il reste très mal documenté archéologiquement.Cette étude inédite permet de mettre en lumière l’organisation d’un radier général et d’une fondation d’une des piles remontant au XVe s.In 2011, a preventive archeology operations, following a prescription issued by the State (DRAC Rhône-Alpes), has increased our knowledge of this bridge, seizing the opportunity to repair the item by the conseil général de la Loire.This stone bridge, which can cross the “le Sornin” River, is located south of the town of Charlieu.No summary does not indicate passages which existed in the town of Charlieu.Knowledge of the bridge through the texts is rather thin. We do not know the date of construction. Only a terrier already evokes his presence in 1432. Text mentions that it is being repaired in 1733. In 1861, her apron was extended upstream. In 1938, the three southern piers are strengthened.At present, where often the remains of bridges are destroyed by excavators and nobody can intervene, the archaeological investigation has to make substantial data on the knowledge of this bridge.According to construction contracts, this type of foundation is well known from the fifteenth century, but it remains poorly documented archaeologically.This unique study shed light on the organization of a general raft and a foundation of piles dating back to the fifteenth century

V. de Gaulejac. Qui est « je » ?

Qui est « je » ? Incarnation d’un être singulier ? Produit d’un contexte socio-historique ? Vincent de Gaulejac propose de dépasser les antagonismes disciplinaires en posant l’existence d’un pôle psychique et d’un pôle social irréductibles, indissociables et relativement autonomes. À partir des perspectives sociologiques, analytiques ou structuralistes, il considère que « le sujet advient à partir d’un déjà-là » social via l’ordre symbolique dans lequel sont prises les relations sociales. Le ..

5.2. – Les chalands gallo-romains du Parc Saint-Georges

Ces six épaves datées du Ier au IIIe s. ap. J.-C ont été fouillées (2003-2004) par l’Inrap à Lyon, Parc Saint-Georges, à proximité de la Saône. La construction « sur sole » de ces chalands à structure monoxyle-assemblée (cinq épaves) et intégralement assemblée (une épave) s’inscrit dans la tradition architecturale « romano-celtique » encore appelée de tradition « gallo-romaine ». Toutefois, plusieurs caractéristiques particulières aux épaves gallo-romaines du Parc Saint-Georges ont été interprétées comme des marques d’une influence d’origine maritime Méditerranéenne révélatrices d’une tradition régionale de construction navale fluviale propre au bassin « Rhône-Saône ».These six wrecks dated from Ist to the IIIrd c. AD were excavated (2003-2004) by Inrap in Lyon, Parc Saint-Georges, near the river Saone. Bottom-based built, these plank-built (one wreck) and joint-monoxylous (five wrecks) barges correspond to the “Romano-Celtic” or still called “Gallo-Roman” architectural tradition. However, several characteristics particular to these “Gallo-Roman wrecks” of the Parc Saint-Georges were interpreted like architectural “fingerprints” of Mediterranean maritime origin revealing of a regional river naval shipbuilding tradition specific to the hydrographical basin “Rhone-Saone”

Analysis of the copy number profiles of several tumor samples from the same patient reveals the successive steps in tumorigenesis

We present a computational method, TuMult, for reconstructing the sequence of copy number changes driving carcinogenesis, based on the analysis of several tumor samples from the same patient. We demonstrate the reliability of the method with simulated data, and describe applications to three different cancers, showing that TuMult is a valuable tool for the establishment of clonal relationships between tumor samples and the identification of chromosome aberrations occurring at crucial steps in cancer progression

Nonparametric estimation of the local Hurst function of multifractional Gaussian processes

A new nonparametric estimator of the local Hurst function of a multifractional Gaussian process based on the increment ratio (IR) statistic is defined. In a general frame, the point-wise and uniform weak and strong consistency and a multidimensional central limit theorem for this estimator are established. Similar results are obtained for a refinement of the generalized quadratic variations (QV) estimator. The example of the multifractional Brownian motion is studied in detail. A simulation study is included showing that the IR-estimator is more accurate than the QV-estimator

First impressions: A survey on vision-based apparent personality trait analysis

© 2019 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes,creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.Personality analysis has been widely studied in psychology, neuropsychology, and signal processing fields, among others. From the past few years, it also became an attractive research area in visual computing. From the computational point of view, by far speech and text have been the most considered cues of information for analyzing personality. However, recently there has been an increasing interest from the computer vision community in analyzing personality from visual data. Recent computer vision approaches are able to accurately analyze human faces, body postures and behaviors, and use these information to infer apparent personality traits. Because of the overwhelming research interest in this topic, and of the potential impact that this sort of methods could have in society, we present in this paper an up-to-date review of existing vision-based approaches for apparent personality trait recognition. We describe seminal and cutting edge works on the subject, discussing and comparing their distinctive features and limitations. Future venues of research in the field are identified and discussed. Furthermore, aspects on the subjectivity in data labeling/evaluation, as well as current datasets and challenges organized to push the research on the field are reviewed.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Latent Surgical Interventions in Residual Neural Networks

We propose and study a novel artificial neural network framework, which allows us to model surgical interventions on a physical system. Our approach was developed to predict power flows in power transmission grids, in which high voltage lines are disconnected and reconnected with one-another from time to time, either accidentally or willfully. However, we anticipate a broader applicability. For several exemplary cases, we illustrate by simulation that our methodology permits learning from empirical data to predict the effect of a subset of interventions (ele-mentary interventions) and then generalize to combinations of interventions never seen during training. We verify this property mathematically in the additive perturbation case. In terms of transfer learning, this is equivalent to training on data from a few source domains then, with a zero-shot learning, generalizing to new target domains (super-generalization). Our architecture bears resemblance with the successful ResNets, with the simple modification that interventions are encoded as an addition of units in the neural network. For applications to real historical data, from the French high voltage power transmission company RTE, we evaluate the viability of this technique to rapidly assess curative actions that human operators take in emergency situations. Integrated in an overall planning and control system, methods deriving from our approach could allow Transmission System Operators (TSO) to assess in real time many more alternative actions, reaching a better exploration-exploitation tradeoff, compared to presently deployed physical system simulator. 1 Background and motivations In this paper, we are interested in speeding up the computation of power flows in power transmission grids using artificial neural networks, to emulate slower physical simulators. Key to our approach is the possibility of simulating the effect of actions on the grid topology. Such neural networks may then be used as part of an overall computer-assisted decision process in which human operators (dispatchers) ensure that the power grid is operated in security at all times, namely that the currents flowing in all lines are below certain thresholds (line thermal limits). We describe our application setting for concreteness, but anticipate a broader applicability of the techniques developed in this paper in various domains of physics, chemistry, manufacturing, biomedicine and others, in which some actions can be combined with each other, but running extensive simulations for each possible combination of such actions is computationally untractable. Electric power generated in production nodes (such as power plants) is transmitted towards consumption nodes in a power grid. The power lines enable this transmission through substations interconnecting them. Each pattern of connections is referred to as a grid topology. This topology is * Benjamin Donnot corresponding authors: [email protected] 32nd Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (NIPS 2018), Montréal, Canada