Asociación entre una agencia de autocuidado y autoeficacia percibida en personas que asisten a rehabilitación cardiaca

El objetivo de este estudio fue describir la relación que existe entre la capacidad de agencia de autocuidado y la autoeficacia percibida en personas con cardiopatía isquémica que asisten a la Fase II del programa de rehabilitación cardiaca en la Clínica Medilaser de la ciudad de Neiva. El diseño del estudio fue descriptivo, de correlación, con abordaje cuantitativo y de corte transversal; la muestra estuvo constituida por 61 personas, a quienes voluntariamente se les aplicó a escala de Apreciación de Agencia de Autocuidado (segunda versión en español), diseñada por Evers e Isemberg y la escala de Autoeficacia General diseñada por Schwarcer y Baessler. Se encontró una relación débil positiva con el coeficiente de correlación de Rho de Spearman de (r=0,221, p0,05) y como resultado del analisis de correlación de las variables que conformaban los respectivos instrumentos, mediante análisis de correlación canónica, se encontró una relación de (rc=0.879, p0.05), Confirmando la naturaleza próxima entre la el autocuidado y la autoeficacia. Análisis adicionales del estudio, determinaron que el autocuidado se relaciona de manera significativa con el cumplimiento del tratamiento farmacológico prescrito, en cuanto a la autoeficacia se encontró una relación con el tabaquismo. Palabras clave: autocuidado, autoeficacia, cardiopatía isquémica, rehabilitación cardiaca.Abstract: The objective of this study was to demonstrate the relationship between self-care agency capacity and perceived self-efficacy in people with ischemic heart disease who are attending Phase II of the cardiac rehabilitation program in the Clínic Medilaser, city of Neiva. The study design was descriptive, of the correlation, with the quantitative and cross-sectional approach; the sample consisted of 61 people, who were voluntarily applied to Appraisal of Self-care Agency scale (second version in spanis), designed by, Evers and Isemberg, and the General self-efficacy scale designed by Schwarcer and Baessler. A weak positive relationship was found with Spearman's Rho correlation coefficient of (r = 0.221, p 0.05) and as a result of the correlation analysis of the variables that made up the respective instruments, by means of canonical correlation analysis, a relation of (rc = 0.879, P 0.05). Confirming the close nature of self-care and self-efficacy. Additional analysis of the study, determined that self-care is significantly related to compliance with the prescribed pharmacological treatment, in terms of self-efficacy was found to be related with smoking Keywords: self-care, self-efficacy, ischemic heart disease, cardiac rehabilitationMaestrí

The unscented transform as a method to assess circuit variability for emergent technologies

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Tecnologia, Departamento de Engenharia Elétrica, 2019.O presente trabalho propõe a transformada da incerteza (UT) como uma alternativa ao método de Monte Carlo (MC) para avaliar o funcionamento sob variabilidade de circuitos elétricos baseados em tecnologias emergentes. É mostrado que a aproximação discreta pela UT de funções de distribuição de probabilidade de variáveis aleatórias pode ser realizada a partir da quadratura Gaussiana. A tecnologia de nanotubos de carbono (CNT) possibilita a criação de circuitos de rádio frequência de comprimento moderado do canal e densidade de nanotubos. Como exemplo de aplicação, são comparadas as previsões de rendimento utilizando os métodos MC e UT de osciladores em anel construídos a partir de buffers de lógica em modo corrente. Apesar do escalonamento exponencial, este trabalho mostra evidências de sua aplicabilidade para a análise de circuitos menores de benchmark. Para circuitos maiores, a natureza determinística da UT permite a exploração de redundâncias inerentes ao circuito. Por fim, são apontados parâmetros da tecnologia com distribuição não-normais, que requerem novos algoritmos para computar a discretização utilizando a UT.The unscented transform (UT) is proposed as an alternative to the Monte Carlo (MC) method for assessing performance variability of electronic circuits based on emergent technologies. We show that the discrete UT approximation of a continuous probability distribution of random variables can be solved by Gaussian quadrature. Carbon nanotube (CNT) technology enables radio frequency circuits at moderate channel length and semiconducting tube density. As an application example, we compare UT and MC yield predictions for CNTFET current-mode-logic ring oscillators. Despite of the exponential scaling of the computational effort with system size, the UT proves to be a powerful tool for the analysis of small benchmark circuits. For larger circuits the deterministic nature of the UT allows to explore redundancies. Finally, we point out that technology parameters are not necessarily normal distributed, which calls for new algorithms to compute the UT discretization

Implementação e avaliação de desempenho do protocolo CSMA/CA IEEE 802.15.4 sobre a plataforma SimpliciTI e microcontroladores MSP430

Trabalho de conclusão de curso (graduação)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Tecnologia, Departamento de Engenharia Elétrica, 2015.Este trabalho apresenta a implementação do protocolo CSMA/CA IEEE 802.15.4, de tempo não compartimentado, sobre a plataforma SimpliciTI, da Texas Instruments. O desempenho do protocolo implementado é avaliado sobre uma rede de sensores baseada nos microcontroladores MSP430, e comparado com o desempenho do protocolo CSMA/CA original implementado na plataforma SimpliciTI. Os desempenhos de ambos os protocolos são avaliados sobre redes com diferentes números de nós e taxas de geração de pacotes, e comparados segundo o número de recuos ( backo s ) necessários para entrega de pacotes com sucessos, número de pacotes perdidos e vazão efetiva da rede.This work presents an implementation of the non-slotted CSMA/CA MAC protocol of the IEEE 802.15.4 standard over the SimpliciTI plataform, by Texas Instruments. The performance of the implemented protocol is evaluated over a sensor network based on MSP430 microcontrollers, and compared against the peformance of SimpliciTI's original CSMA/CA protocol. Both protocols are evaluated under di erent number of nodes and data rates, according to the number of backo stages needed to successfully deliver data packets, the number of data packets delivered unsuccessfully, and network throughput

Selection of Optimal Lag Length in Cointegrated VAR Models with Weak Form of Common Cyclical Features

An important aspect of empirical research based on the vector autoregressive (VAR) model is the choice of the lag order, since all inferences in this model depend on the correct model specification. There have been many studies of how to select the lag order of a nonstationary VAR model subject to cointegration restrictions. In this work, we consider in the model an additional weak form (WF) restriction of common cyclical features to analyze the appropriate way to select the correct lag order. We use two methodologies: the traditional information criteria (AIC, HQ and SC) and an alternative criterion (IC(p;s)) that selects the lag order p and the rank structure, s, due to the WF restriction. We use a Monte-Carlo simulation in the analysis. The results indicate that the cost of ignoring additional WF restrictions in vector autoregressive modeling can be high, especially when the SC criterion is used

Selection of optimal lag length in cointegrated VAR models with weak form of common cyclical features

An important aspect of empirical research based on the vector autoregressive (VAR) model is the choice of the lag order, since all inferences in this model depend on the correct model specification. There have been many studies on how to select the lag order of a nonstationary VAR model subject to cointegration restrictions. In this work, we consider an additional weak-form (WF) restriction of common cyclical features in the model to analyze the appropriate way to select the correct lag order. We use two methodologies: the traditional information criteria (AIC, HQ and SC) and an alternative criterion (IC(p,s)) that selects the lag order p and the rank structure s due to the WF restriction. We use a Monte Carlo simulation in the analysis. The results indicate that the cost of ignoring additional WF restrictions in vector autoregressive modeling can be high, especially when the SC criterion is used

Manejo de la contaminación bacteriana en la propagación in vitro de yemas axilares de Colocasia esculenta cv. ‘INIVIT MC-2012’

The in vitro propagation of Colocasia esculenta is limited by the presence of microbial contaminants, especially bacteria. The objective of this work was to demonstrate that the inclusion of actions for the bacterial contamination management in the in vitro propagation of C. esculenta cv. ‘INIVIT MC-2012’, from field explants, can reduce losses. Two in vitro propagation protocols were used and the incidence of bacterial contaminants in the establishment and multiplication stages was compared. One protocol modified the other with actions for the management of bacterial contamination. In each one, 20 primary rhizomes were taken from which at least two axillary buds were extracted and from each one a line was established. The number of explants contaminated with bacteria per subculture was quantified. Bacterial contamination was observed in the culture medium below or around the explants, indicating the initial explant as the primary source of contamination. With the application of the modified protocol, the percentage of losses due to bacterial contamination in all subcultures evaluated was reduced. In the in vitro establishment it did not exceed 5%. The combination of actions for the management of bacterial contamination among which are the reduction of the size of the explant, the work by lines and the visual detection of contaminants prior to the subculture of the plant material reduces the presence of bacterial contaminants in the in vitro propagation of C. esculenta cv. ‘INIVIT MC-2012’. Keywords: contaminant detection, explant, taroLa propagación in vitro de Colocasia esculenta se limita por la presencia de contaminantes microbianos, especialmente bacterias. El objetivo de este trabajo fue demostrar que la inclusión de acciones para el manejo de la contaminación bacteriana en la propagación in vitro de C. esculenta cv. ‘INIVIT MC-2012’ a partir de explantes de campo, puede reducir las pérdidas. Se emplearon dos protocolos de propagación in vitro y se comparó la incidencia de contaminantes bacterianos en las fases de establecimiento y multiplicación. Un protocolo modificó al otro con acciones para el manejo de la contaminación bacteriana. En cada uno se partió de 20 rizomas primarios de los que se extrajeron al menos dos yemas axilares y de cada una se estableció una línea. Se cuantificó el número de explantes contaminados con bacterias por subcultivo. La contaminación bacteriana se observó en el medio de cultivo debajo de los explantes o alrededor de estos lo que indica al explante inicial como fuente primaria de contaminación. Con la aplicación del protocolo modificado se redujo el porcentaje de pérdidas por contaminación bacteriana en todos los subcultivos evaluados. En el establecimiento in vitro no rebasó el 5%. La combinación de acciones para el manejo de la contaminación bacteriana entre las que se encuentran la reducción del tamaño del explante, el trabajo por líneas y la detección visual de contaminantes previo al subcultivo del material vegetal reduce la presencia de contaminantes bacterianos en la propagación in vitro de C. esculenta cv. ‘INIVIT MC-2012’. Palabras clave: explante, detección contaminantes, malang

Alteraciones psicológicas en niños con padres ausentes por emigración

Introduction: emigration is complex problem. The absence of parental figures in infantile age implies an important affective deprivation; wich shoks the child and the consequences can be harmful, when these difficulties are not addressed in a timely manner.Objective: to characterize the psychological alterations present in children with parents absent due to emigration. Method: observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, study in children between 8 y 10 years old with absent parents due to emigration. The universe was made up of 120 children who attended the Comandante Manuel Fajardo school, from October 2018 to March 2020, the variables studied were: negative emotional states, alterations in habits and academic performance. For data collection, questionnaires, projective techniques and interviews were used.Results: The presence of anxiety and depression were recorded 87 and 90 infants, representing (72,5 and 75 %) of the total respectively, together with feelings of anger, longing and loneliness; it was found that 97 children suffer from enuresis (80,8 %), 22 from encopresis for one (18,3) and 86 suffer from onychophagia (71,6 %). No difficulties in academic performance were specified.Conclusions: parental emigration is experienced as a migratory mourning characterized by having a latent character which is constantly reopened, hindering the balance, well-being and personological development, the psychological alterations found refer to the presence of negative emotional states as adaptive responses of transitory character, in addition to alterations of habits, desobediente, capricious and rebellious behaviors.Introducción: la emigración constituye una problemática compleja. La ausencia de figuras parentales en la edad infantil implica una privación afectiva importante, pues constituye una pérdida que conmociona al niño y las consecuencias pueden ser perjudiciales cuando estas dificultades no son atendidas oportunamente.Objetivo:caracterizar las alteraciones psicológicas presentes en niños con padres ausentes por emigración que asistieron a la escuela “Comandante Manuel Fajardo”, desde octubre de 2018 a marzo de 2020.Método:se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo de corte transversal en niños entre los ocho y diez años con padres ausentes por emigración. El universo quedó constituido por 120 niños que asistieron a la escuela “Comandante Manuel Fajardo”, desde octubre de 2018 a marzo de 2020. Para la recolección de los datos se emplearon cuestionarios, técnicas proyectivas y entrevistas.Resultados: se registraron en 87 y 90 infantes la presencia de ansiedad y depresión representando un 72,5 % y 75 % del total respectivamente, unido a sentimientos de ira, añoranza y soledad; se encontró que 97 niños padecen de enuresis (80,8 %), 22 de encopresis (18,3 %) y 86 sufren de onicofagia (71,6 %). No se precisaron dificultades en el rendimiento académico.Conclusiones: la emigración parental se vivencia como un duelo migratorio caracterizado por tener carácter latente, el cual se reabre constantemente, dificultando el equilibrio, bienestar y desarrollo personológico. Las alteraciones psicológicas encontradas se refieren a la presencia de estados emocionales negativos como respuestas adaptativas  de carácter transitorio, además de alteraciones de los hábitos, conductas desobedientes, caprichosas y rebeldes

Factores de riesgo relacionados con sobrepeso y obesidad en los primeros 1000 días de vida

Introducción: La epigenética juega un papel fundamental en la prevención del sobrepeso/obesidad en los primeros 1000 días de la vida. Objetivo: Identificar la asociación entre factores epigenéticos prenatales, perinatales, postnatales y el desarrollo de sobrepeso/obesidad en los primeros 1000 días de vida. Métodos: Estudio de casos y controles en pacientes ingresados entre septiembre de 2022 y agosto de 2023. Las variables fueron: Sobrepeso/obesidad y eventos epigenéticos relacionados con los periodos prenatal, perinatal y postnatal. Para el análisis estadístico de los factores de riesgo se midió la fuerza de la asociación con el odds ratio (OR) y sus intervalos de confianza (IC 95 %). Resultados: Los menores de 2 años con antecedentes prenatales de aumento exagerado de peso de la madre durante la gestación tuvieron un riesgo 6 veces mayor de padecer la enfermedad (OR: 6,46). El consumo suplementos nutricionales prenatales (OR: 6,05), el bajo peso al nacer (OR: 5,39), la rápida ganancia de peso en la etapa de lactante (OR: 4,5) y la desnutrición o bajo peso al inicio de la gestación (OR: 3,54) fueron también factores de riesgo. Conclusiones: Existe una fuerte asociación entre la presencia de sobrepeso/obesidad durante los primeros 1000 días de la vida y el antecedente de ganancia exagerada de peso de la madre durante la gestación, no consumir suplementos nutricionales prenatales, el bajo peso al nacer, la rápida ganancia de peso en la etapa de lactante y la desnutrición materna al inicio de la gestación

Metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents with obesity

Introduction: Obesity, one of the most serious public health problems of the 21st century, generally affects all countries. Objective: To characterize obese children and adolescents with metabolic syndrome from a clinical and humoral point of view. Methods: An observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2018 to December 2022 in 106 children and adolescents with the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome attended by the obesity outpatient clinic of the Central Military Hospital "Dr. Luis Díaz Soto". The variables to be measured were: age, sex, degree of obesity according to body mass index, arterial hypertension, altered fasting blood glucose, hypertriglyceridemia and HDL-c. Results: The age group between 15-18 years (51.9%), male sex (58.5%) predominated, while hypertriglyceridemia (61.3%) and moderate obesity (60.4%) had a higher incidence. On the other hand, arterial hypertension, altered fasting blood glucose and dyslipidemia were more frequent in patients with moderate and severe obesity. Conclusions: The clinical components of the metabolic syndrome such as body mass index and arterial hypertension, and the humoral components such as dyslipidemia and altered fasting blood glucose have a greater incidence as the degree of obesity increases