An application of multiobjetive programming to the study of workers' satisfaction in the spanish labour market

In this paper, a multiobjective scheme is used to study the satisfaction levels of the Spanish workers. Data obtained from a panel survey conducted in several European countries are used to build up a multiobjective model, on the basis of a previous statistical and econometric analysis of these data. Then, a Reference Point based method is implemented to determine the profile of the most satisfied worker in Spain nowadays. Finally, a combined Goal Programming – Reference Point approach is used to determine policies than can be carried out in order to increase the workers’ satisfaction levels.Workers’ Satisfaction, Econometric analyses, Multiobjective Programming.

Conocimiento, Actitudes y Prácticas de la lactancia materna en mujeres puerperas, de 15-24 años, sala de Ginecología, Hospital Gaspar García Laviana, Rivas, Septiembre-Diciembre, 2015

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo en el área de ginecología del Hospital Gaspar García Laviana, Rivas, en el periodo comprendido Septiembre – Diciembre del año 2015. El universo estuvo constituido por 518 mujeres, con una muestra de 82 mujeres puérperas entre las edades de 15-24 años de edad a quiénes se les realizó una encuesta, previamente validada con personas claves, dicha encuesta incluía preguntas sobre datos socio demográficos, conocimiento, actitudes y prácticas relacionadas con la lactancia materna, que tenía como objetivo conocer las características demográficas de la población estudiada, el nivel de conocimiento, la actitud ante este tema, que es de suma importancia para el bienestar de los niños y niñas. Así mismo, se exploró si las mujeres a su vez realizaban una práctica adecuada de la lactancia materna. Los resultados más relevantes del estudio revelaron que el 57% de las mujeres tenían una actitud desfavorable ante la Lactancia Materna, lo que permite confirmar que a pesar que la población se encuentra en un sector urbanizado, tiene mitos sobre este tema que no han sido superados aun con las diferentes iniciativas que se han implementado en las unidades de salud, donde el personal de salud, es la principal fuente de información. Al preguntarles a las mujeres en estudio sobre la actitud del cónyuge, el 49% expresó que este no juega un papel importante en el momento del amamantamiento, pero también se expresó que ellos no tienen problema con los horarios ni la atención prestada al bebé. La práctica realizada por la población estudiada fue buena en un 95%, en su mayoría estas mujeres brindaron lactancia materna posterior al parto y utilizan las medidas higiénicas adecuadas, sin embargo se demostró que en su mayoría brindan otro tipo de leche a sus bebés. Los hallazgos del estudio brindan pautas para fortalecer la iniciativa de la Lactancia Materna que se desarrolla en las unidades de salud por parte del Ministerio de Salud, en particular en los aspectos educativos para reducir mitos y tabúes relacionados con este tema que es de mucha importancia para el desarrollo y bienestar de la niñez en nuestro país

Construcción del conocimiento didáctico del contenido biológico en formación inicial de profesores

Presentamos la sistematización de los datos obtenidos a partir de los documentos que presentaron dos grupos de futuros profesores de Biología, a lo largo de un semestre, al diseñar Unidades Didácticas para la enseñanza de dos temáticas relacionadas con el auto-mantenimiento de los organismos. Analizamos los referentes de los docentes en formación acerca del Conocimiento Didáctico del Contenido Biológico (contemplamos 9 categorías de investigación) y los cambios de los mismos durante el proceso formativo en el que los estudiantes-profesores realizaron la propuesta

Towards a framework to combine multiobjective optimization and econometrics and an application in economics of education

Acknowledgements. This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (project PID2020-115429GB-I00), by the Andalusian Regional Ministry of Economy, Knowledge, Business and University (PAI group SEJ-532 and project UMA18-FEDERJA-024, also supported by FEDER funding), and by the University of Malaga (project B1-2020 18). Sandra Gonzalez-Gallardo is recipient of a research contract within “Ayudas para la Recualificación del Sistema Universitario Español, Modalidad Margarita Salas”, financiado por la Unión Europea – NextGenerationEU.In this paper, we propose a theoretical framework that combines econometric and multiobjective programming methodologies to help researchers to identify and achieve optimal solutions to socio-economic and management problems. Sometimes, it is important to analyse which combination of values of the explanatory variables -in an econometric model- would imply the simultaneous achievement of the best values of the response variables. In such situations, if certain degree of conflict is observed among the response variables, we propose to formulate a multiobjective optimization problem based on the conclusions obtained from a regression analysis. Subsequently, the application of multiobjective optimization techniques allows gaining a better insight about the conflicting relation between the response variables, and how a balanced “optimal” situation among them could be achieved. This piece of information can be hardly extracted just by econometric techniques. An application in the field of economics of education, related to the analysis of the students’ well-being as a way to improve their academic performance, demonstrates the potential of our proposal.Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (project PID2020-115429GB-I00)Andalusian Regional Ministry of Economy, Knowledge, Business and University (PAI group SEJ-532 and project UMA18-FEDERJA-024, also supported by FEDER funding)University of Malaga (project B1-2020 18)“Ayudas para la Recualificación del Sistema Universitario Español, Modalidad Margarita Salas”, financiado por la Unión Europea – NextGenerationE

A finite-time consensus algorithm with simple structure for fixed networks

In this paper, a continuous-time consensus algorithm with guaranteed finite-time convergence is proposed. Using homogeneity theory, finite-time consensus is proved for fixed topologies. The proposed algorithm is computationally simpler than other reported finite-time consensus algorithms, which is an important feature in scenarios of energy efficient nodes with limited computing resources such as sensor networks. Additionally, the proposed approach is compared on simulations with existing consensus algorithms, namely, the standard asymptotic consensus algorithm and the finite-time and fixed-time convergent algorithms, showing, in cycle graph topology, better robustness features on the convergence with respect to the network growth with less control effort. Indeed, the convergence time of other previously proposed consensus algorithms grows faster as the network grows than the one herein proposed whereas the control effort of the proposed algorithm is lower

Remote mining: from clustering to DTM

LIDAR data acquisition is becoming an indispensable task for terrain characterization in large surfaces. In Mediterranean woods this job results hard due to the great variety of heights and forms, as well as sparse vegetation that they present. A new data mining-based approach is proposed with the aim of classifying LIDAR data clouds as a first step in DTM generation. The developed methodology consists in a multi-step iterative process that splits the data into different classes (ground and low/med/high vegetation) by means of a clustering algorithm. This method has been tested on three different areas of the southern Spain with successful results, verging on 80% hitsMinisterio de Ciencia y Tecnología TIN2007-6808

Early elimination of cyclosporine in kidney transplant recipients receiving sirolimus prevents progression of chronic pathologic allograft lesions

Cyclosporine elimination in a regimen including sirolimus has been shown to be a safe and effective approach to improve graft function. Nevertheless, it is still unknown whether the functional benefit of CyA withdrawal coincides with a subsequent reduction in histologic lesions of chronic damage or development of chronic allograft nephropathy. This consideration would forecast a reduction in the rate of long-term graft loss. We analyzed 114 graft biopsies from a subgroup of 57 patients that had been included in a randomized study to eliminate CyA at 3 months posttransplant from a regimen including sirolimus either in group A CyA + SRL vs group B of SRL with CyA elimination at 3 months. Every patient had two biopsies, one at transplantation and another at 1 year. The biopsy reading was performed in a blinded manner by a central pathologist using the Banff 1997 and the CADI classifications. A significantly lower rate of progression of tubular and interstitial chronic lesions between basal and 1-year biopsies was observed for group B patients. In addition, the incidence of new cases of chronic allograft nephropathy during the first year was significantly lower in the group in which CyA had been eliminated at 3 months posttransplant. We conclude that early elimination of CyA in the first months posttransplant, when SRL is used as the main immunosuppressant, reduces the appearance or worsening of chronic histologic lesions, probably as a consequence of long-term CyA toxicity prevention