Enfoques extras disciplinarios para aproximar la brecha teoría y práctica: Pierre Bourdieu y la interseccionalidad

En esta editorial el autor reflexiona acerca de la dicotomía teoría/práctica y como la integración de teorías transdisciplinarias pueden contribuir a acercar posturas. Para ello comenta la teoría de la práctica desarrollada por Bourdieu y la interseccionalidad aportando un ejemplo de como su interconexión puede mejorar tanto la teoría como la práctica de la enfermería y por tanto contribuyendo a su vertebración y epistemología

Chemical composition of lipophilic extractives from sisal (Agave sisalana) fibers

Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla, CSIC, PO Box 1052, E-41080 Seville, Spain. Corresponding author, E-mail: [email protected] (A. Gutiérrez)The chemical composition of lipophilic extractives from sisal (Agave sisalana) fibers, which are used for high-quality paper pulp production was studied. The lipophilic extract, which accounted for 0.5 % of total sisal fiber weight, was analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) using short- and medium-length high temperature capillary columns, respectively. For a more detailed characterization, the extract was fractionated by solid-phase extraction and the fractions obtained were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The most predominant compounds identified were fatty acids (30% of total lipids) including α- and -hydroxyfatty acids, fatty alcohols (20%), free sterols (11%), alkanes (11%) and a series of ferulic acid esters of long chain alcohols and -hydroxyfatty acids (10%). Additionally, steroid hydrocarbons and ketones, monoglycerides, aldehydes, waxes, and sterol glycosides were also found together with minor amounts of diglycerides, and sterol esters.This study has been supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología (MCYT) (projects AGL2002-00393 and AGL2005-01748) and EU project (BIORENEW, NMP2-CT-2006-026456). We thank CELESA pulp mill (Tortosa, Spain) for providing the sisal fibers.Peer reviewe

Perception of care from the perspective of nursing students: A study using photovoice, storytelling and poetry

Background: The Higher Education in Nursing requires providing students with skills such as critical and reflective thinking about the actions to be carried out so that they are capable of providing humanised and quality care in an increasingly complex and technified society. Participatory teaching methodologies promote the development of these skills. Objectives: to explore the potential of photovoice, storytelling and poetry as instruments capable of encouraging reflection. To identify through images (photovoice) and poetic narratives (storytelling and poetry) the perception that students of the nursing degree express about nursing care. Design: qualitative study in the framework of the socio-critical paradigm, using photovoice, storytelling and poetry in the field of care. Participants: first-year undergraduate nursing students at two Spanish universities in the academic year 2021-2022. Methodology: 48 images were shown and students were asked to select one, write a narrative and generate a short poem connected to the image. Subsequently, a content analysis was conducted of those poems evoked by the five photographs most chosen by the students. The analysis was supported by qualitative data analysis software. A total of 67 contributions from 67 students were analysed. Results: the concepts addressed in the poems and the compositions generated reveal how critical humanist thinking and reflection on the subject of care developed. The topics identified were care, accompaniment throughout the life cycle, working on the basis of values and caring for small details as subcategories of nursing care. Conclusion: The combination of different tools in university education has encouraged reflection and enabled students to identify for themselves the importance of humanised care. Working on the theoretical foundation in an active way can reduce the gap between theory and practice and foster the empowerment of the nursing identity

aZIBO Shape Descriptor for Monitoring Tool Wear in Milling

El objetivo de este trabajo es estimar eficientemente el desgaste del mecanizado de metales y mejorar las operaciones de sustitución de la herramienta. El procesamiento de imágenes y la clasificación se utilizan para automatizar la toma de decisiones sobre el tiempo adecuado para el reemplazo dela herramienta. Específicamente, el descriptor de forma aZIBO (momentos absolutos de Zernike con orientación de contorno invariable) se ha utilizado para caracterizar el desgaste de la plaquita y garantizar su uso óptimo. Se ha creado un conjunto de datos compuesto por 577 regiones con diferentes niveles de desgaste. Se han llevado a cabo dos procesos de clasificación diferentes: el primero con tres clases diferentes (desgaste bajo, medio y alto -L, M y H, respectivamente) y el segundo con sólo dos clases: Low (L) y High (H). La clasificación se llevó a cabo utilizando por un lado kNN con cinco distancias diferentes y cinco valores de k y, por otra parte, una máquina de vectores de soporte (SVM). El rendimiento de aZIBO se ha comparado con descriptores de forma clásicos como los momentos de Hu y Flusser. Los supera, obteniendo tasas de éxito de hasta el 91,33% para la clasificación L-H y 90,12% para la clasificación L-M-H

Antioxidant-Based Therapy Reduces Early-Stage Intestinal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats

Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury (i-IRI) is a rare disorder with a high mortality rate, resulting from the loss of blood flow to an intestinal segment. Most of the damage is triggered by the restoration of flow and the arrival of cytokines and reactive oxygen species (ROS), among others. Inactivation of these molecules before tissue reperfusion could reduce intestinal damage. The aim of this work was to analyze the preventive effect of allopurinol and nitroindazole on intestinal mucosal damage after i-IRI. Wag/RijHsd rats were subjected to i-IRI by clamping the superior mesenteric artery (for 1 or 2 h) followed by a 30 min period of reperfusion. Histopathological intestinal damage (HID) was assessed by microscopic examination of histological sections obtained from injured intestine. HID was increased by almost 20% by doubling the ischemia time (from 1 to 2 h). Nitroindazole reduced HID in both the 1 and 2 h period of ischemia by approximately 30% and 60%, respectively (p < 0.001). Our preliminary results demonstrate that nitroindazole has a preventive/protective effect against tissue damage in the early stages of i-IRI. However, to better understand the molecular mechanisms underlying this phenomenon, further studies are needed.This research received funding from the University of The Basque Country UPV/EHU (grant reference GIU19/088)

Design of a TCM System Based on Vibration Signal for Metal Turning Processe

Este artículo presenta un estudio sobre la identificación del estado de desgaste de la herramienta de corte mediante el análisis de señales de vibración en operaciones de torneado en seco de acero. Al analizar la evolución del valor RMS y los espectros de frecuencia FFT de la señal, se ha desarrollado un sistema de monitoreo de condición de herramienta en línea. El propósito principal es determinar el instante desde el cual la condición de la herramienta se considera inaceptable, lo que afecta la calidad del proceso de mecanizado. Después del análisis que se llevó a cabo el, la conclusión principal es que tanto el RMS como los rangos de amplitud de frecuencia de ciertas bandas de espectro, están relacionados con el desgaste de la herramienta

The Value of Music Therapy in the Expression of Emotions in Children with Cancer

Background. Children with cancer are subjected to aggressive tests and treatments that can affect their emotional states. Studies available in the academic literature analyse the effect of music therapy on the emotions of these patients are scarce. Objectives. The objective of this study was to explore and transform the emotional responses that may arise with the application of music therapy (MT) in children with oncological pathology. Methods. The methodology of this study was based on the participatory action research approach. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 27 children with cancer who participated in 65MT sessions. Interviews were also conducted with their families. Results. We conducted a thematic analysis using MAXQDA software. Three main categories emerged from this process as follows: (1) expression: children with cancer stated that MT made it easier for them to express their emotions, with indirect benefits to families; (2) participation: patients showed interest in the sessions; and (3) experiences: MT was valued and created a positive environment. The results of this research demonstrate the positive transformative power MT had on children with cancer in terms of their emotions. Conclusions. Positive results were achieved through MT that encouraged the expression of emotions by children with cancer and favoured and improved their moods. In addition, it also encouraged social interactions in the hospital and helped the children to better cope with their illness through self-awareness. Their families also benefited. Therefore, we encourage healthcare professionals to support the use of MT in paediatric oncology settings

Learning outcomes and cost-utility analysis of hybrid patient and mannequin-based simulation

Introduction: There is no clear evidence on the relationship between nursing student learning outcomes and the type of simulator used or its cost-effectiveness. Objectives: Compare nursing student learning outcomes using either the hybrid patient or mannequin and the cost-utility of both simulators. Method: A randomised experimental study with an experimental group (hybrid patient = 99) and a control group (mannequin = 97). A training intervention was carried out for polytrauma patients. Results: Statistically significant differences were found between the simulator used and the performance results for tourniquet (hybrid 5.37 ± 1.33, mannequin 4.95 ± 1.09; p = .008) and spinal board (hybrid 6.18 ± 2.02, mannequin 6.97 ± 20.2; p = .001) application. The cost-utility ratio was estimated to be 3.29 for the hybrid patient and 1.92 for the mannequin. Conclusion: The use of a hybrid patient or mannequin has not been shown to be a determinant of performance outcomes or student perceptions in training interventions in polytrauma patient care. However, as the cost per participant with a mannequin is almost twice as high, the hybrid patient has a better cost-utility ratio.This work was supported by the University of Alicante, within the Programa de Investigación en Docencia Universitaria (Research in University Teaching Programme) 2022 (approval number: 5766)

Fabricación cognitiva en el contexto de Industry 4.0

La Industria 4.0 implica la promesa de una nueva revolución que combina técnicas avanzadas de producción y operaciones, con tecnologías inteligentes que se integrarán en las organizaciones, las personas y los activos. Esta revolución está marcada por la aparición de nuevas herramientas, como es la fabricación cognitiva, la cual trata de implementar el proceso cognitivo a los sistemas de fabricación. El término “cognición” hace referencia a los procesos mentales, como son: la percepción, la memoria, el pensamiento, el aprendizaje y el lenguaje. De manera que las ciencias cognitivas requieren un enfoque interdisciplinario, que incluye la psicología, las neurociencias y la lingüística [1]. La fabricación cognitiva trata de integrar la cognición en los procesos de fabricación para dotarlos de inteligencia, además de permitirnos interaccionar con los mismos de forma natural.Industry 4.0 implies the promise of a new revolution that combines advanced production techniques and operations, with intelligent technologies that will be integrated into organizations, people and assets. This revolution is marked by the emergence of new tools, such as cognitive manufacturing, which tries to implement the cognitive process to manufacturing systems. The term “cognition” refers to mental processes, such as: perception, memory, thinking, learning and language. Thus, cognitive sciences require an interdisciplinary approach, which includes psychology, neuroscience and linguistics [1]. Cognitive manufacturing tries to integrate cognition in manufacturing processes to equip them with intelligence, in addition to allowing us to interact with them in a natural way

Mutagenic and genotoxic potential of pure Cylindrospermopsin by a battery of in vitro tests

Cylindrospermopsin (CYN) is a cyanobacterial toxin with an increasing world-wide occurrence. The main route of human exposure is through the ingestion of contaminated food and water. The European Food Safety Authority has identified the need to further characterize the toxicological profile of cyanotoxins and in this regard the genotoxicity is a key toxicological effect. The data available in the scientific literature show contradictory results. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the mutagenic and genotoxic effects of pure CYN using a battery of different in vitro assays including: the bacterial reverse-mutation assay in Salmonella typhimurium (Ames test) (0–10 μg/mL), the mammalian cell micronucleus (MN) test (0–1.35 μg/mL and 0–2 μg/mL in absence or presence of S9 fraction, respectively) and the mouse lymphoma thymidine-kinase assay (MLA)(0–0.675 μg/mL) on L5178YTk ± cells, and the standard and enzyme-modified comet assays (0–2.5 μg/mL) on Caco-2 cells. Positive results were obtained only when the metabolic fraction S9 was employed in the MN test, suggesting pro-genotoxic properties of CYN. Also, DNA damage was not mediated by oxidative stress as CYN did not induced changes in the modified comet assay. These data could contribute to a better risk assessment of this cyanotoxin.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (AGL2015-64558-R, MINECO/FEDER, U