Increased concentration of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus sp. in small animals exposed to aerospace environments

The effects of increased concentrations of PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA AND STAPHYLOCOCCUS in the total bacterial flora of small animals exposed to simulated spacecraft environments were evaluated. Tests to detect changes in infectivity, effects of antibiotic treatments, immune responses to bacterial antigens, and effectiveness of immune responses in the experimental environment were conducted. The most significant results appear to be the differences in immune responses at simulated altitudes and the production of infection in the presence of a specific antibody

DNA Technology: Are We Ready?

It is a common practice to identify certain historical periods with the name of the most significant technological invention of the time. Thus, we have had an Industrial Revolution, an Age of Steam, the Automotive Age, and so on, up to the Atomic Age. We are now at the crossroads of a new age; the Age of Biology. This new age promises to be every bit as influential in terms of broad social impact as any of its predecessors, and may ultimately profoundly modify the way in which we define our lives. The hallmark of this new age is DNA technology, the ability to manipulate the genetic make-up of living organisms; and like most new techologies, this one must be treated with respect in order to maximize the benefits while minimizing the attendant disruptions and risks. The purpose of this article is to explore alternative ways of dealing with DNA technology, and to recommend a safe as well as workable course of action

Reciprocal intronic and exonic histone modification regions in humans.

While much attention has been focused on chromatin at promoters and exons, human genes are mostly composed of intronic sequences. Analyzing published surveys of nucleosomes and 41 chromatin marks in humans, we identified histone modifications specifically associated with 5' intronic sequences, distinguishable from promoter marks and bulk nucleosomes. These intronic marks were spatially reciprocal to trimethylated histone H3 Lys36 (H3K36me3), typically transitioning near internal exons. Several marks transitioned near bona fide exons, but not near nucleosomes at exon-like sequences. Therefore, we examined whether splicing affects histone marking. Even with considerable changes in regulated alternative splicing, histone marks were stable. Notably, these findings are consistent with exon definition influencing histone marks. In summary, we show that the location of many intragenic marks in humans can be distilled into a simple organizing principle: association with 5' intronic or 3' exonic regions

Prediction of Material Removal Rate in Die-Sinking Electrical Discharge Machining

This project proposes a new model for material removal rate (MRR) of conductive materials using die-sinking electrical discharge machining (EDM). Five different engineering materials were used in this study. Small holes were drilled by EDM and the hole dimensions were measured to determine the MRR on each material. The process parameters and material thermal properties were used to derive the empirical model. While the existing model predicts MRR with ~1000% error, the new model is much more accurate and can predict the MRR to ~ 70%

Christian worship: an examination of its place in a theory of Christian nurture, in the light of the Christian doctrine of man

Educational theory cannot escape the problem of man. As soon as the attempt is made to discover what are the determinants of education, one is confronted by Augustine's question: "Quis ergo sum, Deus meus. Quae natura mea?" - the same question as was asked by Job, and by the Psalmist. This is inevitable, since education, being concerned with changes in the self, must inquire into the nature of the material with which it deals. At the core of the entire educational process there is presumed the question: In the interest of what view of the person do I, the teacher, engage in this work of interference with the spontaneity of growth?It follows that the ontological question has priority over the empirological in education. To have an understanding of the psychological dimension, dealing as it does with partial aspects of human nature, is not sufficient, nor is it the primary concern. It Is necessary first, with the the help of those studies which deal with the structure and the character of being, to view man's individual life in its wholeness, and as participating in a totality. This the various forms of eraoirical enquiry, relevant though they are to a total view of man, are incapable of doing, giving us, rather, "excerpts from a larger whole.The various expressions of contemporary existentialism draw attention to the limited usefulness of objectification as a means of reaching the centre of the mystery of man's nature. They have also pointed out that significant and valid knowledge about man is derived from within his own moral and spiritual experience. "I know reality in and through myself, as man".The importance of establishing the primacy of the philosophical and theological disciplines as normative sources of educational theory has to be recognized, if only because educational writing has sometimes appeared to be over-determined by psychological considerations. It is not accidental that many of the major figures in philosophy, from Plato and Aristotle, to Locke, Rousseau, and, In our own day, Dewey, Bertrand Russell and Whitehead, have occupied themselves with the subject of education; since the fundamental questions regarding the nature of personal existence and the purpose of life are common both to philosophy and education. And it may be argued that where there is a lack of a clear directive sense in education, as has been noted by some writers, it springs either from the fact that empirological insights have usurped the place of a clear and regulative doctrine of man, or that where education has not lacked a philosophical foundation, it, like western culture as a whole, has been offered an interpretation of man that does less than justice to his full stature. Perhaps no single element in the thought of leading exponents of education more sensitively exposes the strength and weakness of their system than its implied or explicit anthropology; since this is, in fact, the crux of educational theory

Detection and evaluation of defenses in small animals to simulated spacecraft environments Final report, 1 Sep. 1968 - 31 Aug. 1969

Evidence for maintenance or breakdown of natural or acquired resistance of guinea pigs in simulated spacecraft environmen

Paleoecological Significance of Mummified Remains of Pleistocene Horses from the North Slope of the Brooks Range, Alaska

Radiocarbon dates from horse fossils found on the North Slope of Alaska show that horses did live there during the last peak glacial (Duvanny Yar Interval, Marine Isotope Stage 2). Some previous paleoecological studies have assumed the region's climate was too extreme for large mammals during the Duvanny Yar. Hoof structure suggests the Pleistocene horses survived on winter range characterized by low snowfall and/or snow removal by wind. Hoof growth rate suggests a substantial dietary volume of exposed dead grass during winter; hoof wear pattern indicates the horses were able to remain relatively sedentary, requiring neither long-distance winter migration nor constant digging through snow for food. Bones with mummified soft tissue may have been buried and preserved by wind-drifted eolian silt.