OFICINA DE LEITURA NO TERCEIRO GRAU

OFICINA DE LEITURA NO TERCEIRO GRA

Avaliação de metais pesados em solos de região de vinhedos com o uso da análise dos componentes principais

Agricultural management with chemicals may contaminate the soil with heavy metals. The objective of this study was to apply Principal Component Analysis and geoprocessing techniques to identify the origin of the metals Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, Ni, Pb, Cr and Cd as potential contaminants of agricultural soils. The study was developed in an area of vineyard cultivation in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. Soil samples were collected and GPS located under different uses and coverings. The metal concentrations in the soils were determined using the DTPA method. The Cu and Zn content was considered high in most of the samples, and was larger in the areas cultivated with vineyards that had been under the application of fungicides for several decades. The concentrations of Cu and Zn were correlated. The geoprocessing techniques and the Principal Component Analysis confirmed the enrichment of the soil with Cu and Zn because of the use and management of the vineyards with chemicals in the preceding decades.O manejo agrícola com agroquímicos pode levar a contaminação dos solos por metais pesados. O objetivo deste trabalho foi aplicar a Análise dos Componentes Principais e técnicas de geoprocessamento para identificar a origem dos metais pesados Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, Ni, Pb, Cr e Cd como contaminantes potenciais em solos agrícolas. O estudo foi desenvolvido em uma área cultivada com vinhedos no Estado de São Paulo, Brazil. Amostras de solos foram coletadas e georeferenciadas por GPS sob diferentes usos e coberturas. As concentrações dos metais nos solos foram obtidas pelo método de extração com DTPA. As concentrações de Cu e Zn foram consideradas altas na maioria das amostras pesquisadas, sendo maiores nas áreas cultivadas com vinhedos sob aplicações de fungicidas por décadas. As concentrações de Cu e Zn apresentaram correlação. As técnicas de geoprocessamento e a Análise dos Componentes Principais indicaram enriquecimento do solo com Cu e Zn devido ao uso e manejo dos vinhedos com agroquímicos nas décadas anteriores

Use of multicriteria analysis to define priority areas for reforestation in the Piranga River Basin, MG, Brazil

The Piranga River Basin is one of the main sub-basins of the Doce River, being one of the most historically explored, which culminated in an emblematic episode, the rupture of the mining tailings dam in Mariana. Those responsible for the damage had to develop solutions to repair the territory, mainly the definition of priority areas for conservation. One factor to consider for this definition was the institution of protected spaces in rural properties, such as the Permanent Preservation Areas (PPAs), consolidated by the new Forest Code (Law No. 12,651 / 2012). For the allocation of intervention areas, the Multicriteria Analysis was adopted, widely used in decision-making processes. The results showed that the southeast area of the Doce River State Park is more likely to receive initiatives to restore native vegetation. The opposite occurs in the more urbanized regions of the basin, which are also coincident with the steepest areas.A Bacia do Rio Piranga é uma das principais sub-bacias do Rio Doce, sendo uma das mais exploradas historicamente, que culminou em um episódio emblemático, o rompimento da barragem de rejeitos de mineração em Mariana. Os responsáveis pelo dano precisaram desenvolver soluções para reparação do território, destacando-se a definição de áreas prioritárias para conservação. Um fator a considerar para essa definição foi à instituição de espaços protegidos em imóveis rurais, como as Áreas de Preservação Permanente (APPs), consolidadas pelo novo Código Florestal (Lei nº 12.651/2012). Para alocação das áreas de intervenção foi adotada a Análise Multicritério, amplamente utilizada em processos de tomadas de decisão. Os resultados mostraram que as áreas a sudeste do Parque Estadual do Rio Doce apresentam maiores propensões a receber iniciativas de restauração de vegetação nativa. Ocorre o contrário nas regiões mais urbanizadas da bacia, que coincidem, também, com as áreas de maior declividade

Colheita mecanizada de clones de café 'Conilon'

The objective of this work was to evaluate the speed effect of a coffee harvester and its interaction with 'Conilon' coffee (Coffea canephora) clones on the mechanical harvesting efficiency. The experiment was installed in São Mateus, in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil, in 2012, with 27 clones of early, intermediate, and late fruit ripening. The first harvest was performed after the plant cuttings at 0.5 m above the ground, in 2016, and the canopy renovation. The plants and the harvester were evaluated in 2018. The coffee harvester was tested at 0.6 and 0.8 km h-1. Measurements were performed for stripping and harvesting efficiencies, fruit loss on the ground, unstripped fruit, defoliation with manual and mechanized harvesting, fruit removal force, and fruit ripening degree. The tests with the coffee harvester indicated a technical feasibility of 88% average harvesting efficiency, and a 15% lower defoliation than the manual harvesting. The harvesting speed of 0.8 km h-1 results in higher stripping and harvesting efficiencies, in a lower percentage of loss on the ground, and in less unstripped fruit, regardless of the evaluated clones. Fruit removal force and ripening degree influence the stripping and harvesting efficiencies and the percentage of unstripped fruit of 'Conilon' coffee.O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da velocidade de uma colheitadeira de café e sua interação com clones de café 'Conilon' (Coffea canephora) sobre a eficiência da colheita mecanizada. O experimento foi instalado em São Mateus, no Espírito Santo, em 2012, com 27 clones com frutos de maturação precoce, intermediária e tardia. A primeira colheita foi feita após o corte das plantas a 0,5 m acima do solo, em 2016, e a renovação da copa. As plantas e a colheitadeira foram avaliadas em 2018. A colheitadeira foi testada às velocidades de 0,6 e 0,8 km h-1. As mensurações foram feitas quanto à eficiência de derriça e colheita, à perda dos frutos no chão, aos frutos não derriçados, à desfolha com as colheitas manual e mecanizada, à força de desprendimento e ao grau de maturação dos frutos. Os testes com a colheitadeira de café indicaram viabilidade técnica com eficiência de 88% de colheita média e desfolha 15% menor do que a da colheita manual. A velocidade de colheita de 0,8 km h-1 resulta em maiores eficiências de derriçados e de colheita, em menores perdas no chão e em menos frutos não derriçados, independentemente dos clones avaliados. A força de desprendimento e o grau de maturação influenciam a eficiência de descascamento e de colheita e a percentagem de frutos não descascados de café 'Conilon'.

POSTURAL EVALUATION OF MEN AGED BETWEEN 60 AND 65 YEARS OLD OF PORTO ALEGRE-RS BASED ON SHADOW MOIRÉ TECHNIQUE

This is a population-based study and it is part of the Multidimensional Study of the Elderly population of Porto Alegre-RS. The aim was to evaluate the posture of men aged between 60 and 65 years using the Shadow Moiré Technique. The variables analyzed were: the mean angular variation of posture deviations evaluated, considering the cervical-thoracic column (CTC) and thoracic-lumbar column (TLC); hyperkyphosis, misalignment of the scapulas and its correlation with lateral deviation of the column. Results showed that 44.4% of the tested population presented Very Low deviations of the CCT and 74% had Very Low and Low deviations of the TLC. The findings of this study failed to prove the correlation between the misalignment of the scapulas and column deviations. Fifty-two % presented hyperkyphosis

POSTURAL EVALUATION OF MEN AGED BETWEEN 60 AND 65 YEARS OLD OF PORTO ALEGRE-RS

This is a population-based study and it is part of the Multidimensional Study of the Elderly population of Porto Alegre-RS. The aim was to evaluate the posture of men aged between 60 and 65 years old using a postural grid, classified as a qualitative method. The volunteer’s posture was evaluated on Frontal plan (posterior view) and Sagittal plan (right view). The results demonstrated that most volunteers presented an erect head and cervical column. Fifty one percent had the right shoulder more elevated. Deviations of thoracic and lumbar columns and pelvis were not prominent in the population studied. Upper limbs were normally aligned in 26% of volunteers. Geno varus posture was present in 18,5%. The evaluation of the images obtained in the Sagittal plan indicated that 48% of the volunteers presented a lordotic-kyphotic posture

Estimating the Importance of Civil Construction for the Brazilian Economy Through Hypothetical Extraction of the Input-Output Matrix

This paper aims to undertake a systemic analysis of civil construction to verify whether public investments made from 2007 onwards were able to increase the sector's productive linkages in the Brazilian economy. For this, the hypothetical extraction method of the input-output matrix and the official matrices of the country from 2005 and 2015 are used. The results show that the importance of the productive structure of the construction sector - total extraction - exceeds 7.42% of GDP in 2005 to 10.06% in 2015. This fact reveals that the civil construction sector in 2005 was the seventh most important moving to the fourth in 2015 in a total of twelve sectors considered. Another important finding lies in the fact that despite the construction sector presenting an increase in the complexity of its productive structure, it showed strong backward linkage, but low forward linkage, in both analyzed periods. Through these results, it is possible to conclude that the tax exemption of some inputs, reduction of real estate interest, expansion of credit for housing through public housing and infrastructure policies may have been essential for the increase in the complexity of the sector's productive chains between the years' from 2005 and 2015. Such findings are useful for the scientific literature that investigates the sector by bringing evidence to Brazil and to policymakers given that possibly the construction sector can be used as a strategy to promote and stimulate economic activity in times of crisis

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF FACTORS THAT AFFECTS THE DISCLOSURE OF INFORMATION RELATED TO HUMAN RESOURCES (2004 – 2013)

This research had the aim of comparing the difference on the factors that influenced the level of voluntary disclosure of information related to human resources in the companies that form the IBrX-100 index. The comparison is between the years 2004 and 2013. To determine this level of disclosure in each of the fifty (50) companies in the sample, was calculated the Human Resources Information Disclosure Index (HRIDI), based on the analysis of the management reports. Furthermore, to determine the existence (or not) of significant differences between the factors that influenced the HRIDI, we chose to compare the year 2004 to year 2013. It allowed to test if, after ten years, there were changes on the factors that influenced the HRIDI. The factors evaluated in relation to the influence on the spontaneous disclosure of information regarding human resources were drawn from the academic literature. They are: the company size, profitability, age, nature of business, the size of the firm and the disclosure of social balance. These factors were assessed by regression in the ANCOVA model, based on the perspective of cross-section. Two regressions were made: one with the information relating to 2004 and other with the data of 2013. In conclusion, it was found that in both 2004 and 2013, despite the existence of disparities between the levels of disclosure, the characteristics that influenced the Human Resources Information Disclosure Indexwere the size of companies and the publication of social balance

Correlation of cGAS, STING, INF-α and INF-β gene expression with Zika virus kinetics in primary culture of microglia and neurons from BALB/c mice

Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Laboratório de Biologia Molecular. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Laboratório de Biologia Molecular. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Laboratório de Biologia Molecular. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Laboratório de Microscopia Eletrônica. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Laboratório de Biologia Molecular. Ananindeua, PA, BrasilPattern recognition receptors participate in the innate immune response. Among PRRs, the cGAS/STING pathway is known to detect cytosolic DNA and cyclic dinucleotides, but it’s also important in RNA virus infection. We aimed to evaluate the gene expression of some important genes of cGAS/STING pathway and to correlate this expression with Zika virus kinetics in mice microglia and neurons. Cells were infected by MOI = 1.0. Indirect immunofluorescence, plaque titration of supernatant, extraction, and quantification of total intracellular RNA, RT-qPCR and Western blotting were performed. Plaque titration profile in microglia and neurons was similar, including higher titers of plaque forming units at 24, 48, 72 and 96 hpi, respectively. ZIKV kinetics evaluated by RT-qPCR was similar in both cells, with highest viral titers at 48, 72, 24 and 96 hpi, respectively. Expression profile of cGAS, STING, INF-α and INF-β was quite different between the cells, including gene suppression, as observed for cGAS in neurons. Our results showed a differentiated expression profile of cGAS/STING pathway genes in mice microglia and neurons, which can be explained by the different mechanisms that ZIKV uses to bypass the immune response of these cells. Furthermore, each cell type responds differently to combat the viral infection