24 research outputs found

    The using of orthogonal basis for the steganographic coding of information in multimedia

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    This article discusses methods for steganographic encoding additional information using three different orthogonal bases. The bases are represented by the functions, which occupies a different bandwidth in the spectrum. There are comparison of the approach to the definition of DCT- coefficients with the approaches used in the methods of the spread spectrum and subband projections. The approaches of the coefficients of the implementation to ensure secrecy by adaptive determination of their value are considere

    БтатистичСскиС ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‡Π΅ΠΉ-гастроэнтСрологов Π² Π Π€ Π² 2013–2017 Π³Π³.

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    In recent decades, increasing importance in modern diagnostic algorithms is given to techniques that use optical systems, including those with the ability to examine organs in various spectral ranges and in fluorescence modes. The rapid development of modern technologies and their implementation in the field of healthcare requires constant improvement of the organization of medical care to the population. Endoscopic services in Russia began to emerge in the 70s of the 20th century. In the early stages, it was represented by independent diagnostic rooms based on large medical clinics and research centers. Over the past decades, endoscopic methods of diagnosis and treatment have moved far forward. For the successful use of endoscopic technologies in clinical practice, qualified medical personnel are needed, including oncologists, gastroenterologists, and other specialists proficient in endoscopic techniques. The human potential of endoscopy was initially formed by part-timers, most often from surgeons and therapists. In this regard, it is necessary to analyze the activities of specialist doctors who provide medical care in outpatient conditions. The aim of the study was to analyze the activities of gastroenterologists providing outpatient medical care at the federal level and in the pilot regions of the Russian Federation. The multidirectionality of trends regarding the level of burden on gastroenterologists in the subjects of the Russian Federation is established. In all federal districts, a decrease in the number of visits per gastroenterologist and a decrease in the part-time coefficient was observed.Π’ послСдниС дСсятилСтия всС большСС Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² соврСмСнных диагностичСских Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΌΠ°Ρ… отводится ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌ, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ оптичСскиС систСмы, Π² Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ числС с Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ осмотра ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΎΠ² Π² Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ… ΠΈ Π²ΠΎ флуорСсцСнтных Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ…. Π‘Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ΅ соврСмСнных Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΈΡ… Π²Π½Π΅Π΄Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² практичСскоС Π·Π΄Ρ€Π°Π²ΠΎΠΎΡ…Ρ€Π°Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ постоянного ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ мСдицинской ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ насСлСнию. ЭндоскопичСская слуТба Π² России Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»Π° Π·Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π² 70-Π΅ Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ XX столСтия. На ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹Ρ… этапах становлСния слуТба Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° прСдставлСна Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€ΠΎΠ·Π½Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ диагностичСскими ΠΊΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ½Π΅Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π½Π° Π±Π°Π·Π΅ ΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠΏΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… мСдицинских ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΊ ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡƒΡ‡Π½ΠΎ-ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΡ… Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ². Π—Π° послСдниС дСсятилСтия эндоскопичСскиС ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ диагностики ΠΈ лСчСния ΡˆΠ°Π³Π½ΡƒΠ»ΠΈ Π΄Π°Π»Π΅ΠΊΠΎ Π²ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄. Для ΡƒΡΠΏΠ΅ΡˆΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ использования эндоскопичСских Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ Π² клиничСской ΠΏΡ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ‹ ΠΊΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ мСдицинскиС ΠΊΠ°Π΄Ρ€Ρ‹, Π² Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ числС Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ-ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈ, гастроэнтСрологи, Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ спСциалисты, Π²Π»Π°Π΄Π΅ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ эндоскопичСскими ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ. ΠšΠ°Π΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π» эндоскопии ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ формировался ΠΈΠ· числа совмСститСлСй, Ρ‡Π°Ρ‰Π΅ ΠΈΠ· Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‡Π΅ΠΉ-Ρ…ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡ€Π³ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΏΠ΅Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΠ². Π’ этой связи Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Π΄Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ врачСй–спСциалистов, ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΡƒΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒ Π² Π°ΠΌΠ±ΡƒΠ»Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… условиях. ЦСлью исслСдования явился Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Π΄Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‡Π΅ΠΉ-гастроэнтСрологов, ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΡƒΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒ Π°ΠΌΠ±ΡƒΠ»Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½ΠΎ, Π½Π° Ρ„Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ ΠΈ Π² ΠΏΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ… Российской Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ. УстановлСна Ρ€Π°Π·Π½ΠΎΠ½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚Π΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ уровня Π½Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ Π½Π° гастроэнтСрологов Π² ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°Ρ… страны, Π²ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π΄ΡˆΠΈΡ… Π² исслСдованиС. Π’ΠΎ всСх Ρ„Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠ³Π°Ρ… ΠΎΡ‚ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡŒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ числа посСщСний ΠΏΠΎ заболСванию Π½Π° 1 Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π±Π½ΡƒΡŽ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ сниТСниС коэффициСнта ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΡ‚Π²Π°

    Statistics on the work of gastroenterologists in the Russian Federation in 2013–2017

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    In recent decades, increasing importance in modern diagnostic algorithms is given to techniques that use optical systems, including those with the ability to examine organs in various spectral ranges and in fluorescence modes. The rapid development of modern technologies and their implementation in the field of healthcare requires constant improvement of the organization of medical care to the population. Endoscopic services in Russia began to emerge in the 70s of the 20th century. In the early stages, it was represented by independent diagnostic rooms based on large medical clinics and research centers. Over the past decades, endoscopic methods of diagnosis and treatment have moved far forward. For the successful use of endoscopic technologies in clinical practice, qualified medical personnel are needed, including oncologists, gastroenterologists, and other specialists proficient in endoscopic techniques. The human potential of endoscopy was initially formed by part-timers, most often from surgeons and therapists. In this regard, it is necessary to analyze the activities of specialist doctors who provide medical care in outpatient conditions. The aim of the study was to analyze the activities of gastroenterologists providing outpatient medical care at the federal level and in the pilot regions of the Russian Federation. The multidirectionality of trends regarding the level of burden on gastroenterologists in the subjects of the Russian Federation is established. In all federal districts, a decrease in the number of visits per gastroenterologist and a decrease in the part-time coefficient was observed

    ΠšΠžΠœΠŸΠ›Π•ΠšΠ‘ ΠœΠžΠ”Π•Π›Π•Π™ ΠžΠ¦Π†ΠΠšΠ˜ ВА АНАЛІЗУ Π€Π†ΠΠΠΠ‘ΠžΠ’ΠžΠ‡ ДЕЦЕНВРАЛІЗАЦІЇ

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    It is a problem of a financial decentralization mechanism modelling to be considered in the paper. It introduces a methodical approach to the construction of models of financial decentralization assessment and analysis complex, that, basing on the methods of factor, canonical analysis, cluster analysis, development level method, Kohonen neural networks, panel data models, allows to create diagnostic classes of the financial decentralization level, choose an Β«etalonΒ» model of development and assess the impact of the financial decentralization level on indicators of socio-economic development of territories. The methodological approach proposed includes the following stages: classification of countries according to the level of socio-economic development and competitiveness, the formation of a comparable research base; the formation of an indicators system and diagnostic classes of the level of financial decentralization; development of models for assessing the impact of financial decentralization on socio-economic indicators of territories development. To build a set of models Statistica, R, Deductor Studio, EViews were used. The simulation results showed that a high level of financial decentralization is typical for countries with high level of economic development, where there is a high quality of the institutional environment and administrative decentralization, this leads to increase in the efficiency of the public sector operation and economic growth as consequence. Income decentralization is bounded to a stronger effect on economic growth than expenditure decentralization. The result of the strengthening of federalism aligning and tax autonomy is a slowdown in economic growth. Meanwhile, the negative effect of tax autonomy is stronger than the effect of aligning federalism. There is a gap between the growth rates of income and expenditure powers of budgets of different levels and the GDP growth rates in countries with a high level of competitiveness and socio-economic development, that reduces the level of fiscal and debt security. Therefore, a promising area of research is assessing the systemic risk of financial policy and stability of the financial system to the impact of external Β«shocks»РассматриваСтся ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° модСлирования ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ° финансовой Π΄Π΅Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ. ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ мСтодичСский ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ комплСкса ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° финансовой Π΄Π΅Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Π½Π° основС ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, каноничСского Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°, кластСрного Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°, ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π° уровня развития, Π½Π΅ΠΉΡ€ΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… сСтСй ΠšΠΎΡ…ΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Π°, ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠ°Π½Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… позволяСт ΡΡ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ диагностичСскиС классы уровня финансовой Π΄Π΅Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, Π²Ρ‹Π±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Β«ΡΡ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ½Π½ΡƒΡŽΒ» модСль развития ΠΈ ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ влияниС уровня финансовой Π΄Π΅Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ-экономичСского развития Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΉ. ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ мСтодичСский ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ этапы: классификация стран ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡŽ ΡΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ-экономичСского развития ΠΈ конкурСнтоспособности, Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ сопоставимой Π±Π°Π·Ρ‹ исслСдования; Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ систСмы ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ диагностичСских классов уровня финансовой Π΄Π΅Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ; Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ° ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ влияния уровня Π΄Π΅Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ-экономичСскоС развития Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΉ. Для построСния комплСкса ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ использовались Statistica, R, Deductor Studio, EViews. Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ модСлирования ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΈ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ высокий ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΡŒ финансовой Π΄Π΅Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Ρ…Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π½ для стран с высоким ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ΠΌ экономичСского развития, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡŽΠ΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ высокоС качСство ΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡƒΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ срСды ΠΈ административная дСцСнтрализация, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ ΠΊ росту эффСктивности функционирования государствСнного сСктора ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ слСдствиС β€” экономичСскому росту. ДСцСнтрализация ΠΏΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΡ…ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌ связана с Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ эффСктом для экономичСского роста, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ дСцСнтрализация ΠΏΠΎ расходам. БлСдствиСм усилСния Π²Ρ‹Ρ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ Ρ„Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ° ΠΈ Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΈ являСтся Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π΄Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ² экономичСского роста. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ этом Π½Π΅Π³Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ эффСкт Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΈ сильнСС, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ эффСкт Π²Ρ‹Ρ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ Ρ„Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°. ΠΠ°Π±Π»ΡŽΠ΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Ρ‹Π² ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠΏΠ°ΠΌΠΈ роста Π΄ΠΎΡ…ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ расходных ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΠΉ Π±ΡŽΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠΏΠ°ΠΌΠΈ роста Π’Π’ΠŸ ΠΏΠΎ странам с высоким ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ΠΌ конкурСнтоспособности ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ-экономичСского развития, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ сниТаСт ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΡŒ Π±ΡŽΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ»Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ бСзопасности. ΠŸΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ пСрспСктивным Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ исслСдования являСтся ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠ° систСмного риска финансовой ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ устойчивости финансовой систСмы ΠΊ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡŽ Π²Π½Π΅ΡˆΠ½ΠΈΡ… «шоков». Розглянуто ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡƒ модСлювання ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½Ρ–Π·ΠΌΡƒ фінансової Π΄Π΅Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π»Ρ–Π·Π°Ρ†Ρ–Ρ—. Π—Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡ–Π΄Ρ…Ρ–Π΄ Π΄ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ±ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ комплСксу ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΎΡ†Ρ–Π½ΠΊΠΈ Ρ– Π°Π½Π°Π»Ρ–Π·Ρƒ фінансової Π΄Π΅Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π»Ρ–Π·Π°Ρ†Ρ–Ρ—, який Π½Π° основі ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ–Π² Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ½Ρ–Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»Ρ–Π·Ρƒ, кластСрного Π°Π½Π°Π»Ρ–Π·Ρƒ, ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρƒ рівня Ρ€ΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΊΡƒ, Π½Π΅ΠΉΡ€ΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΆ ΠšΠΎΡ…ΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Π°, ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠ°Π½Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΡ… Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ… дозволяє сформувати діагностичні класи рівня фінансової Π΄Π΅Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π»Ρ–Π·Π°Ρ†Ρ–Ρ—, ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ Β«Π΅Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠ½Π½ΡƒΒ» модСль Ρ€ΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΊΡƒ Ρ– ΠΎΡ†Ρ–Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈ Π²ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ² рівня фінансової Π΄Π΅Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π»Ρ–Π·Π°Ρ†Ρ–Ρ— Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΎΡ†Ρ–Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ-Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ–Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ€ΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΊΡƒ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ–ΠΉ. Π—Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡ–Π΄Ρ…Ρ–Π΄ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ” Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΡ– Π΅Ρ‚Π°ΠΏΠΈ: класифікація ΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ—Π½ Π·Π° Ρ€Ρ–Π²Π½Π΅ΠΌ ΡΠΎΡ†Ρ–Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ-Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ–Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ€ΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΊΡƒ Ρ‚Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡƒΡ€Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΡΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½Ρ–ΡΡ‚ΡŽ, формування порівнянної Π±Π°Π·ΠΈ дослідТСння; формування систСми Ρ–Π½Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ–Π² Ρ– діагностичних класів рівня фінансової Π΄Π΅Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π»Ρ–Π·Π°Ρ†Ρ–Ρ—; Ρ€ΠΎΠ·Ρ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΊΠ° ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΎΡ†Ρ–Π½ΠΊΠΈ Π²ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ²Ρƒ Π΄Π΅Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π»Ρ–Π·Π°Ρ†Ρ–Ρ— Π½Π° ΡΠΎΡ†Ρ–Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ-Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ–Ρ‡Π½ΠΈΠΉ Ρ€ΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠΊ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ–ΠΉ. Для ΠΏΠΎΠ±ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ комплСксу ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ використовувалися Statistica, R, Deductor Studio, EViews. Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ модСлювання ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΈ, Ρ‰ΠΎ високий Ρ€Ρ–Π²Π΅Π½ΡŒ фінансової Π΄Π΅Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π»Ρ–Π·Π°Ρ†Ρ–Ρ— Ρ…Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½ΠΈΠΉ для ΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ—Π½ Π· високим Ρ€Ρ–Π²Π½Π΅ΠΌ Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ–Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ€ΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΊΡƒ, Π² яких ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ–Π³Π°Ρ”Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ висока ΡΠΊΡ–ΡΡ‚ΡŒ інституційного сСрСдовища Ρ– Ρ€Ρ–Π²Π΅Π½ΡŒ адміністративної Π΄Π΅Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π»Ρ–Π·Π°Ρ†Ρ–Ρ—, Ρ‰ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π΄ΠΎ зростання СфСктивності функціонування Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Π²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ сСктору Ρ– як наслідок β€” Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ–Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ зростання. ДСцСнтралізація Π·Π° Π΄ΠΎΡ…ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ пов’язана Π· Π±Ρ–Π»ΡŒΡˆ сильним Π΅Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠΌ для Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ–Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ зростання, Π½Ρ–ΠΆ дСцСнтралізація Π·Π° Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π°Ρ‚ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ. ПосилСння Π²ΠΈΡ€Ρ–Π²Π½ΡŽΠ²Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ„Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π°Π»Ρ–Π·ΠΌΡƒ Ρ– ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Ρ‚ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ— Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ–Ρ— ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π΄ΠΎ ΡƒΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ–Π»ΡŒΠ½Π΅Π½Π½Ρ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠΏΡ–Π² Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ–Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ зростання. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Π½Π΅Π³Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π΅Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Ρ‚ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ— Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ–Ρ— ΡΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ–ΡˆΠΈΠΉ, Π½Ρ–ΠΆ Π΅Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ Π²ΠΈΡ€Ρ–Π²Π½ΡŽΠ²Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ„Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π°Π»Ρ–Π·ΠΌΡƒ. Π‘ΠΏΠΎΡΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ–Π³Π°Ρ”Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Ρ€ΠΎΠ·Ρ€ΠΈΠ² ΠΌΡ–ΠΆ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠΏΠ°ΠΌΠΈ зростання Π΄ΠΎΡ…Ρ–Π΄Π½ΠΈΡ… Ρ– Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π°Ρ‚ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ… повноваТСнь Π±ΡŽΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ–Π² Ρ€Ρ–Π·Π½ΠΈΡ… Ρ€Ρ–Π²Π½Ρ–Π² Ρ– Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠΏΠ°ΠΌΠΈ зростання Π’Π’ΠŸ Ρƒ ΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ—Π½Π°Ρ… Π· високим Ρ€Ρ–Π²Π½Π΅ΠΌ конкурСнтоспромоТності Ρ‚Π° ΡΠΎΡ†Ρ–Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ-Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ–Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ€ΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΊΡƒ, Ρ‰ΠΎ Π·Π½ΠΈΠΆΡƒΡ” Ρ€Ρ–Π²Π΅Π½ΡŒ Π±ΡŽΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΡ— Ρ– Π±ΠΎΡ€Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ— Π±Π΅Π·ΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΠΈ. Π’ΠΎΠΌΡƒ пСрспСктивним напрямом дослідТСння Ρ” ΠΎΡ†Ρ–Π½ΠΊΠ° систСмного Ρ€ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΊΡƒ фінансової ΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ–Ρ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Ρ– стійкості фінансової систСми Π΄ΠΎ Π²ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ²Ρƒ Π·ΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ–ΡˆΠ½Ρ–Ρ… Β«ΡˆΠΎΠΊΡ–Π²Β»

    The using of orthogonal basis for the steganographic coding of information in multimedia

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    This article discusses methods for steganographic encoding additional information using three different orthogonal bases. The bases are represented by the functions, which occupies a different bandwidth in the spectrum. There are comparison of the approach to the definition of DCT- coefficients with the approaches used in the methods of the spread spectrum and subband projections. The approaches of the coefficients of the implementation to ensure secrecy by adaptive determination of their value are considere

    Hybrid contact lenses for the correction of primary and induced ametropias

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    The review presents the data on the use of hybrid contact lenses (HCL), a modern method of contact correction of ametropias of diverse origins. A HCL has a central rigid optical zone made of highly gas-permeable material and a flexible peripheral part made of hydrophilic material. These lenses combine the optical effect of gas-permeable corneal lens with the comfort and stable fitting of soft contact lenses. Compared with the corneal (RGP) lenses, HCLs are more comfortable, often are better centrated and more stably fit on the eye. HCLs are successfully used in various refractive disorders: ametropias (with regular cornea), irregular astigmatism, presbyopia, including that combined with astigmatism. This type of lens is a good option of contact correction for patients who have high requirements to the quality of vision

    Influence of microemulsion components on transdermal delivery of immunomodulator glucosaminylmuramyl dipeptide

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    This paper demonstrates a chemical way of enhancing transdermal delivery using immunomodulator glucosaminylmuramyl dipeptide (GMDP) as an example. Objective: to study in vitro the effect of various components of the microemulsion composition on GMDP diffusion through the skin from a transdermal therapeutic system (TTS). Materials and methods. Medicinal substance – glucosaminylmuramyl dipeptide (Peptek, Russia). Excipients and raw materials: sodium chloride, purified water, sodium dodecyl sulfate, docusate sodium, oak bark, apricot kernel oil, alpha-tocopheryl acetate and Decaglyn PR-20 emulsifier. Equipment: Heidolph DIAX 900 mechanical disperser (Germany) and Hielscher UIS250V ultrasonic homogenizer (Germany). GMDP diffusion from TTS through unpreserved rabbit skin was studied on diffusion tester Copley (UK). GMDP in aqueous solutions was determined by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) on an Agilent 1200 chromatography system (Agilent Technologies, USA). Results. A microemulsion system composed of 20% docusate sodium in an oil phase and an oak bark decoction as an aqueous phase was developed. This made it possible to increase GMDP transdermal delivery by ~70% in comparison with the basic composition. Conclusion. The characteristic parameters of microemulsion components of GMDP contained in TTS, influencing GMDP diffusion through unpreserved rabbit skin in vitro, were determined. Introducing relative indicators would be advisable in order to correctly evaluate the results of different series of in vitro experiments with biological objects

    Modeling of the Enterprise Functioning Stability Using the Automatic Control Theory Apparatus

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    Despite a large number of diverse methods and approaches to studying the enterprise stability, forecasting of stable development in the Ukrainian economy did not yield sufficiently precise results. Therefore, the main purpose of the study was to develop a complex of economic and mathematical models for estimating and analyzing the enterprise functioning stability in the dynamics, which will allow timely diagnosis of its instability and taking effective management decisions. The proposed complex of models is based on the logistic approach and the classical apparatus of the systems automatic control theory.The structural model of the enterprise was developed, which resulted in its generalized transfer function in the market environment. The generalized transfer function is the basis of the construction of a simulation model for assessing the enterprise functioning stability. This approach allowed the use of algorithmic mathematical methods – the criteria of Hurwitz and Mikhailov to study the stability of the enterprise functioning in the dynamics. According to the performance indicators of the two enterprises, practically applying the models developed in the work, the research and analysis of the stability of their functioning were carried out. As a result, the appearance of the Mikhailov's hodograph for a stable and unstable system is clearly demonstrated, and the stability margin is determined.It is important that the obtained models and results, with the appropriate adaptation, can be extrapolated to study the stability of the production and sales enterprise functioning in different economic sectors of different countries of the world. The prospect of further research is seen in the development of an information and analytical system that uses the models for assessing and analyzing the enterprise functioning stability and allows you to change the structural model quickly, adjusting it to certain features of a particular enterprise. This will allow you to determine the level of stability for any investigated system operatively
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