48,185 research outputs found
Linking corporate logo, corporate image, and reputation: an examination of consumer perceptions in the financial setting
The marketing literature reflects that there is no systematic study of the effect of a logo on consumer evaluations of logos. This research addresses two questions: (1) what are the factors that influence the favorability of the corporate logo? (2) What are the main influences of this favorability on the corporate image and corporate reputation? The favorability of a corporate logo is reflected by the extent to which consumers positively regard that logo. The findings from the consumers’ perspective in the context of a financial setting, suggest that the main factors that bear influence on a favourable corporate logo (antecedents) are: corporate name, design, and typeface. Furthermore, the findings reveal the importance of the company’s corporate logo in enhancing the corporate image, attitude towards advertisements, recognizability, familiarity, and corporate reputation. Key implications for managers and researchers are highlighted
Corporate logo: history, definition, and components
Both academics and practitioners alike have directed increasing attention to the field of the corporate logo, and yet, a definitive construct of the corporate logo and its measurement does not yet exist. In this article, we marshal the literature relating to the
historiography of the corporate logo. Furthermore, we report the findings of a literature based study that sought to clarify the definitions and components of the corporate logo; namely, color, typeface, corporate name, and design. Challenges in developing a corporate logo are discussed. An important recommendation made by this research is about
Quantum enhanced spectroscopy with entangled multi-photon states
Traditionally, spectroscopy is performed by examining the position of
absorption lines. However, at frequencies near the transition frequency,
additional information can be obtained from the phase shift. In this work we
consider the information about the transition frequency obtained from both the
absorption and the phase shift, as quantified by the Fisher information in an
interferometric measurement. We examine the use of multiple single-photon
states, NOON states, and numerically optimized states that are entangled and
have multiple photons. We find the optimized states that improve over the
standard quantum limit set by independent single photons for some atom number
densities.Comment: 6 pages, 8 figures, comments are welcom
Nucleation and growth of rolling contact failure of 440C bearing steel
A 'two-body' elasto-plastic finite element model of 2-dimensional rolling and rolling-plus-sliding was developed to treat the effect of surface irregularities. The model consists of a smooth cylinder in contact with a semi-infinite half-space that is either smooth or fitted with one of 0.4 microns deep or 7 microns deep groove, or a 0.4 microns high ridge-like asperity. The model incorporates elastic-linear-kinematic hardening-plastic (ELKP) and non-linear-kinematic hardening-plastic (NLKP) material constitutive relations appropriate for hardened bearing steel and the 440C grade. The calculated contact pressure distribution is Hertzian for smooth body contact, and it displays intense, stationary, pressure spikes superposed on the Hertzian pressure for contact with the grooved and ridged surface. The results obtained for the 0.4 microns deep groove compare well with those reported by Elsharkawy and Hamrock for an EHD lubricated contact. The effect of translating the counterface on the half space as opposed to indenting the half space with the counter face with no translation is studied. The stress and strain values near the surface are found to be similar for the two cases, whereas they are significantly different in the subsurface. It is seen that when tiny shoulders are introduced at the edge of the groove in the finite element model, the incremental plasticity and residual stresses are significantly higher in the vicinity of the right shoulder (rolling direction is from left to right) than at the left shoulder. This may explain the experimental observation that the spall nucleation occurs at the exit end of the artificially planted indents. Pure rolling calculations are compared with rolling + sliding calculations. For a coefficient of friction, mu = 0.1, the effect of friction is found to be small. Efforts were made to identify the material constitutive relations which best describe the deformation characteristics of the bearing steels in the initial few cycles. Elastic-linear-kinematic hardening-plastic (ELKP) material constitutive relations produce less net plastic deformation in the initial stages for a given stress, than seen in experiments. A new set of constitutive relations: non-linear-kinematic hardening-plastic (NLKP) was used. This material model produces more plasticity than the ELKP model and shows promise for treating the net distortions in the early stages. Techniques for performing experimental measurements that can be compared with the finite element calculations were devised. The measurements are being performed on 9mm-diameter, 440C steel cylindrical rolling elements in contact with 12.5 mm-diameter, 52100 steel balls in a 3-ball-rod fatigue test machine operating at 3600 RPM. Artificial, 7 microns deep, indents were inserted on the running track of the cylindrical rolling elements and profilometer measurements of these indents made, before and after the rolling. These preliminary measurements show that the indents are substantially deformed plastically in the process of rolling. The deformations of the groove calculated with the finite element model are comparable to those measured experimentally
Heavy Quarkonium Potential Model and the State of Charmonium
A theoretical explanation of the observed splittings among the P~states of
charmonium is given with the use of a nonsingular potential model for heavy
quarkonia. We also show that the recently observed mass difference between the
center of gravity of the states and the state of
does not provide a direct test of the color hyperfine interaction in heavy
quarkonia. Our theoretical value for the mass of the state is in
agreement with the experimental result, and its E1 transition width is
341.8~keV. The mass of the state is predicted to be 3622.3~MeV.Comment: 15 page REVTEX documen
Interface induced perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in Co/CoO/Co thin film structure: An in-situ MOKE investigation
Co /CoO/Co polycrystalline film was grown on Si (001) substrate and magnetic
properties have been investigated using in-situ magneto-optic Kerr effect
during growth of the sample. Magnetic anisotropy with easy axis perpendicular
to the film surface has been observed in top Co layer, whereas bottom layer was
found to be soft with in-plane magnetization without any influence of top
layer. Ex-situ in-plane and out-of-plane diffraction measurements revealed that
the growth of Co on oxidized interface takes place with preferential
orientation of c-axis perpendicular to the film plane, which results in the
observed perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. Texturing of the c-axis is expected
to be a result of minimization of the interface energy due to hybridization
between Co and oxygen at the interface.Comment: 9 pages, 3 figures, under review in IOP journa
Electron Temperature Evolution in Expanding Ultracold Neutral Plasmas
We have used the free expansion of ultracold neutral plasmas as a
time-resolved probe of electron temperature. A combination of experimental
measurements of the ion expansion velocity and numerical simulations
characterize the crossover from an elastic-collision regime at low initial
Gamma_e, which is dominated by adiabatic cooling of the electrons, to the
regime of high Gamma_e in which inelastic processes drastically heat the
electrons. We identify the time scales and relative contributions of various
processes, and experimentally show the importance of radiative decay and
disorder-induced electron heating for the first time in ultracold neutral
plasmas
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