IN VITRO DEMONSTRATION OF DALBERGIA SISSOO (INDIAN ROSEWOOD) METHANOLIC EXTRACTS AS POTENTIAL AGENTS FOR SUNSCREENING AND DNA NICK PREVENTION

Objective: This report is an attempt to evaluate methanolic extracts of leaves, fruits and bark from Dalbergia sissoo for photoprotective and DNA protective potential in vitro and to get an insight into its phytochemical constituents.Methods: Total methanolic extracts of leaves, fruits and bark from D. sissoo were examined for total phenolics content (TPC), total flavonoids content (TFC) and antioxidant activity. Extracts alone, as well as part of gel formulations, were used to assess their sun protection factor (SPF) by spectrophotometry. Potential of extracts to prevent plasmid DNA damage by hydroxyl radicals generated through Fenton and ultraviolet+hydrogen peroxide (UV+H2O2) system was checked by agarose gel electrophoresis. GC-MS analysis was done to detect the presence of bioactive compounds in active fractions.Results: TPC, TFC, antioxidant activity and SPF values of bark methanolic extract (BME) were found to be highest among the three extracts. Dose-dependent protection of DNA was observed in the extracts. Phytol, lupeol, squalene, palmitic acid and phytosterol etc. were the key constituent of the extracts.Conclusion: As per the available literature, this is the first time exploration of D. sissoo methanolic extract as photoprotective and DNA protective agents. Total extracts or its purified fractions can be exploited as Cosmeceutical ingredient.Keywords: Dalbergia sissoo, Phytochemicals, Antioxidants, SPF, pBluescript, Fenton, H2O2 and U

Apomixis and polyembryony in the guggul plant, Commiphora wightii

The present report is a part of our study on the reproductive biology of a traditional Indian medicinal plant,Commiphora wightii, a source of guggul steroids. Field examination showed a predominantly large number of isolated and groups of female individuals. Only one andromonoecious and two exclusively male plants were recorded. Female plants set seed irrespective of the presence or absence of pollen. Hand-pollination experiments and embryological studies have confirmed the occurrence of non-pseudogamous apomixis, nucellar polyembryony and autonomous endosperm formation for the first time in this plant, which is presently threatened by over-exploitation

Assessment of the efficiency of various gene promoters via biolistics in leaf and regenerating seed callus of millets, Eleusine coracana and Echinochloa crusgalli

A simple regeneration protocol has been developed for two millets, Eleusine coracana and Echinochloa crusgalli. The plantlet regeneration in both the millets is via somatic embryogenesis as evidenced by histological studies. In the case of E. coracana, up to 340 plants could be regenerated per 100 seed calli while up to 2266 plants could be regenerated per 100 seed calli of E. crusgalli. Subsequently, the regenerating seed callus as well as leaf segments from these two millets have been used as explants for assessing the suitability of five gene promoter constructs for transformation via biolistic means. Transient GUS histochemical as well as spectrofluorometric assays reveal the high efficiency of Ubiquitin I gene promoter from maize in terms of bringing about maximum GUS activity in both the millets. The activity of Ubiquitin I promoter from maize was highest in leaf lamina followed by leaf sheath and seed callus. Other four promoters were found to be much less efficient for both millets

Determination of bioactive phytochemicals, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of Colchicum autumnale L. (Suranjanshireen)

In Unani System of Medicine Suranjanshireen (Colchicum autumnale L.) is primarily used for the treatment of arthritis, and it belongs to the family of Liliaceae. The current investigation was conducted to evaluate the phytochemical constituents, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory activity of C. autumnale L. Anti-oxidant activity was done using 2, 2'-azinobis (3-ethyl benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), and 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging test. The bioactive compounds of the extracts of C. autumnale were identified by GC-MS and UHPLC-QExactiveOrbitrap. Docking studies were carried out for anti-inflammatory activity.The subjective phytochemicals examination demonstrated the existence of phenols, flavonoids, glycosides, and terpenoids. Whereas the quantitative investigation indicated dichloromethane extract contains the maximum number of phenolic and flavonoids constituents and demonstrated the highest antioxidant activity. GC-MS, and UHPLC- QExactiveOrbitrap investigation of the extracts confirmed the existence of bioactive compounds. Docking analysis revealed that colchicoside (3 demethyl colchicine glucoside) inhibits IL-6 having binding energy -7.1 kcal/mol with an RMSD value of 0.00. Phytochemicals, antioxidant, GC-MS, UHPLC- QExactiveOrbitrap analysis and molecular docking results revealed that the compounds presented in C. autumnale L extracts were accountable for numerous therapeutic uses, for instance, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities

Sub chronic oral toxicity study of Janma Ghunti Honey in Wistar rats

The present study was conducted to evaluate the safety profile of Janma Ghunti Honey in Wistar rats on oral administration for 28 consecutive days. Animals were randomized on the basis of body weight into 6 groups. Three groups received test item (TI) at three different dose levels (3 mL/k g, 6 mL/kg and 12 mL/kg body weight). One group served as high dose satellite reversal group (12 mL/kg). One group each served as the control and satellite control group. Animals were observed for clinical signs of toxicity and mortality at least once daily. Animals from satellite groups were observed for further 14 days without treatment to evaluate delayed occurrence or reversibility of any signs/toxicity. At the end of the study, animals were studied through clinical pathology and necropsy examination. No treatment related mortality was observed in any group. Except in female low dose and female high dose satellite groups, all the treated groups exhibited weight gain and no statistically significant alterations were observed. No TI related toxicity was found on hematological investigation, blood biochemistry parameters and absolute and relative organ weights among treated groups. 'No Observed Adverse Effect Level' of TI in male and female Wistar rats was found to be above 12 mL/kg body weight

Determination of bioactive phytochemicals, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of Colchicum autumnale L. (Suranjanshireen)

52-60In Unani System of Medicine Suranjanshireen (Colchicum autumnale L.) is primarily used for the treatment of arthritis, and it belongs to the family of Liliaceae. The current investigation was conducted to evaluate the phytochemical constituents, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory activity of C. autumnale L. Anti-oxidant activity was done using 2, 2'-azinobis (3-ethyl benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), and 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging test. The bioactive compounds of the extracts of C. autumnale were identified by GC-MS and UHPLC-QExactiveOrbitrap. Docking studies were carried out for anti-inflammatory activity.The subjective phytochemicals examination demonstrated the existence of phenols, flavonoids, glycosides, and terpenoids. Whereas the quantitative investigation indicated dichloromethane extract contains the maximum number of phenolic and flavonoids constituents and demonstrated the highest antioxidant activity. GC-MS, and UHPLC- QExactiveOrbitrap investigation of the extracts confirmed the existence of bioactive compounds. Docking analysis revealed that colchicoside (3 demethyl colchicine glucoside) inhibits IL-6 having binding energy -7.1 kcal/mol with an RMSD value of 0.00. Phytochemicals, antioxidant, GC-MS, UHPLC- QExactiveOrbitrap analysis and molecular docking results revealed that the compounds presented in C. autumnale L extracts were accountable for numerous therapeutic uses, for instance, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities

Comparative evaluation of antibacterial effect of nanoparticles and lasers against Endodontic Microbiota : an in vitro study

Present study was conducted with the aim of evaluating antimicrobial efficacy of silver (AgNP) and gold nanoparticles (AuNP) with and without Nd: YAG laser (L) irradiation against experimentally inoculated Enterococcus faecalis in infected human root dentin. 120 extracted single rooted human teeth were prepared and inoculated with E. faecalis for 24 hrs. The teeth were then randomly divided into 4 experimental group: AgNPs group: irrigation for 3minutes with 50 ?l of 100 ppm, the AuNPs group: irrigation with 50 ?l of 100 ppm, the AgNPs & Nd: YAG lasers group: irrigation with 50 ?l of 100 ppm + irradiation with 1.5W laser for 60 seconds, the AuNPs & Nd: YAG lasers group: irrigation with 50 ?l of 100 ppm + irradiation with 1.5W laser for 60 seconds. One control group consisting of 2% CHX irrigation for 3 minutes was also there (n = 20). The specimens were collected from the canal before and after irrigation, and colony forming units were observed. Significant difference was found among all the groups in comparison to the control group (p<0.05). The greatest reduction in CFU?s was observed with combination of AgNPs & Nd: YAG lasers group. AgNPs in combination with Nd: YAG laser irradiation has the potential to be used as root canal disinfectant

A Study of Cognitive Merit of Teachers

173 p.Thesis (Educat.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1960.U of I OnlyRestricted to the U of I community idenfinitely during batch ingest of legacy ETD

Traditional recipes of district Kangra of Himachal Pradesh

282-288Himachal Pradesh, a hilly state, has lot of variation in recipes prepared by local people. The communication deals with traditional recipes of district Kangra as per seasonal availability of plant material. Although food habits of local people have changed these days, still they relish the local preparations. Participatory Rural Appraisal techniques were used for documentation of required information. The plant material used by the people for recipes included its leaves, flowers, stem, fruits and root. The period of availability of raw material ranged from 1-3 months approximately. Various traditional recipes prepared especially from leaves of plants, viz. Colocasia, fig, basil, pigweed, buck wheat, and water cress are very good source of calcium, phosphorous and iron. These recipes are loosing its sheen in the fast-food culture. So, there is a need to conserve our traditional food recipes as the plant material used for these is completely organic thus nutritious and healthy /safe to eat