Research on application of patch near-field acoustic holography using acoustic radiation modes with double layers

To solve the problems of near-field acoustic holography in actual applications, research based on acoustic radiation modes with double layers is studied in this paper. The sound pressure model by using acoustic radiation modes is selected to express the sound field firstly. Then, the sound field separation with double pressure measurement layers has been applied to remove the interference from the opposite direction. Thirdly, the method based on data interpolation and extrapolation is put forward to increase the holographic value equivalently, the results of which are closer to the actual measured value obtained by more measuring points. Numerical simulations based on the theoretical description are conducted to demonstrate the validity of the proposed method, and experiments for a boundary constraint steel plate and a loudspeaker are performed to demonstrate its feasibility

Sound field separation technique using the principle of double layer patch acoustic radiation modes

In order to solve the problems of near-field acoustic holography in applications such as external interference and aperture effects, a sound field separation technique using the principle of double layer patch acoustic radiation modes is proposed in this paper. The radiated acoustic pressures over two planar surfaces at certain distances from the sources are calculated first. Then, the effects resulting from the backscattering interference in non-free sound fields can be eliminated by a double-layer sound field separation technique. Next, data interpolation and extrapolation are performed on the separated data to increase the sound source's pressures on the holographic plane equivalently for holographic images with higher spatial resolution. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate that good agreements can be obtained with few measuring points

A New Race (X12) of Soybean Cyst Nematode in China

The soybean cyst nematode (SCN), Heterodera glycines, is a serious economic threat to soybean-producing regions worldwide. A new SCN population (called race X12) was detected in Shanxi province, China. Race X12 could reproduce on all the indicator lines of both race and Heterodera glycines (HG) type tests. The average number of females on Lee68 (susceptible control) was 171.40 with the lowest Female Index (FI) 61.31 on PI88788 and the highest FI 117.32 on Pickett in the race test. The average number of females on Lee68 was 323.17 with the lowest FI 44.18 on PI88788 and the highest FI 97.83 on PI548316 in the HG type test. ZDD2315 and ZDD24656 are elite resistant germplasms in China. ZDD2315 is highly resistant to race 4, the strongest infection race in the 16 races with FI 1.51 while being highly sensitive to race X12 with FI 64.32. ZDD24656, a variety derived from PI437654 and ZDD2315, is highly resistant to race 1 and race 2. ZDD24656 is highly sensitive to race X12 with FI 99.12. Morphological and molecular studies of J2 and cysts confirmed the population as the SCN H. glycines. This is a new SCN race with stronger virulence than that of race 4 and is a potential threat to soybean production in China

Sound field separation technique using the principle of double layer patch acoustic radiation modes

In order to solve the problems of near-field acoustic holography in applications such as external interference and aperture effects, a sound field separation technique using the principle of double layer patch acoustic radiation modes is proposed in this paper. The radiated acoustic pressures over two planar surfaces at certain distances from the sources are calculated first. Then, the effects resulting from the backscattering interference in non-free sound fields can be eliminated by a double-layer sound field separation technique. Next, data interpolation and extrapolation are performed on the separated data to increase the sound source's pressures on the holographic plane equivalently for holographic images with higher spatial resolution. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate that good agreements can be obtained with few measuring points

N6-methyladenosine RNA modification promotes viral genomic RNA stability and infection

Molecular manipulation of susceptibility (S) genes that are antipodes to resistance (R) genes has been adopted as an alternative strategy for controlling crop diseases. Here, we show the S gene encoding Triticum aestivum m(6)A methyltransferase B (TaMTB) is identified by a genome-wide association study and subsequently shown to be a positive regulator for wheat yellow mosaic virus (WYMV) infection. TaMTB is localized in the nucleus, is translocated into the cytoplasmic aggregates by binding to WYMV NIb to upregulate the m(6)A level of WYMV RNA1 and stabilize the viral RNA, thus promoting viral infection. A natural mutant allele TaMTB-SNP176C is found to confer an enhanced susceptibility to WYMV infection through genetic variation analysis on 243 wheat varieties. Our discovery highlights this allele can be a useful target for the molecular wheat breeding in the future

Growth of Germanium Films on Flexible Substrate by Liquid Phase Epitaxy

Germanium films have been grown on Ge wafer, GaAs wafer and flexible substrate by liquid phase epitaxy (LPE). The Ge films grown on Ge and GaAs wafers are used as a reference for LPE Ge films on flexible substrates. To improve the stability and repeatability, the LPE equipment has been modified for this thin and flexible substrate. The effects of super cooling, cooling rate and growth temperature range on the quality of LPE Ge on flexible substrate are investigated. The LPE Ge films on Ge, GaAs and Ge-capped flexible substrate are studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX/EDS), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The electrical properties are measured by Hall measurement. LPE Ge layer grown on flexible substrate shows a single oriented crystalline Ge. The degree of grain orientation and Hall mobility of LPE Ge are improved over those of the Ge template films on flexible substrates.Mechanical Engineering, Department o

Networked Symbolic Violence on Micro-blogs in China

This thesis seeks to understand the phenomenon of networked symbolic violence in the Chinese micro-blog sphere. The main research questions are: (1) what are the main features of networked symbolic violence on the Chinese micro-blog Weibo, and (2) what are the main aspects of networked symbolic violence? In this study, the theory of structural violence, symbolic violence and the law of the mental unity of crowds will be used as the theoretical framework. Through a literature review and two case studies using content analysis, the findings of this study reveal that networked symbolic violence has four different stages: the beginning phase, the rising phase, the explosive phase and the dying down phase. And there are four main types of networked symbolic violence on Chinese micro-blog, they are aggressive language, aggressive symbols which contain metaphorical expressions of insult to attack others online, malicious rumors, and revealing others’ privacy. Furthermore, the networked symbolic violence on micro-blogs has four phases: a beginning phase, a rising phase, an explosive phase, and a dying-down phase. In the discussion part, the phenomenon of the crowd in the micro-blog era is discussed. Some tentative measures are also provided to prevent and stop networked symbolic violence on Chinese micro-blogs. Finally, the author indicates that it is necessary to conduct further researches on the cause of networked symbolic violence in Chinese society

Networked Symbolic Violence on Micro-blogs in China

This thesis seeks to understand the phenomenon of networked symbolic violence in the Chinese micro-blog sphere. The main research questions are: (1) what are the main features of networked symbolic violence on the Chinese micro-blog Weibo, and (2) what are the main aspects of networked symbolic violence? In this study, the theory of structural violence, symbolic violence and the law of the mental unity of crowds will be used as the theoretical framework. Through a literature review and two case studies using content analysis, the findings of this study reveal that networked symbolic violence has four different stages: the beginning phase, the rising phase, the explosive phase and the dying down phase. And there are four main types of networked symbolic violence on Chinese micro-blog, they are aggressive language, aggressive symbols which contain metaphorical expressions of insult to attack others online, malicious rumors, and revealing others’ privacy. Furthermore, the networked symbolic violence on micro-blogs has four phases: a beginning phase, a rising phase, an explosive phase, and a dying-down phase. In the discussion part, the phenomenon of the crowd in the micro-blog era is discussed. Some tentative measures are also provided to prevent and stop networked symbolic violence on Chinese micro-blogs. Finally, the author indicates that it is necessary to conduct further researches on the cause of networked symbolic violence in Chinese society

Networked Symbolic Violence on Micro-blogs in China

This thesis seeks to understand the phenomenon of networked symbolic violence in the Chinese micro-blog sphere. The main research questions are: (1) what are the main features of networked symbolic violence on the Chinese micro-blog Weibo, and (2) what are the main aspects of networked symbolic violence? In this study, the theory of structural violence, symbolic violence and the law of the mental unity of crowds will be used as the theoretical framework. Through a literature review and two case studies using content analysis, the findings of this study reveal that networked symbolic violence has four different stages: the beginning phase, the rising phase, the explosive phase and the dying down phase. And there are four main types of networked symbolic violence on Chinese micro-blog, they are aggressive language, aggressive symbols which contain metaphorical expressions of insult to attack others online, malicious rumors, and revealing others’ privacy. Furthermore, the networked symbolic violence on micro-blogs has four phases: a beginning phase, a rising phase, an explosive phase, and a dying-down phase. In the discussion part, the phenomenon of the crowd in the micro-blog era is discussed. Some tentative measures are also provided to prevent and stop networked symbolic violence on Chinese micro-blogs. Finally, the author indicates that it is necessary to conduct further researches on the cause of networked symbolic violence in Chinese society