20 research outputs found

    Projet Cinégraphies

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    I - Le film : un nouveau terrain d’étude pour les Sciences Sociales A) L’acte social de filmer Pourquoi filmer ce lieu, cette situation, de cette façon, à cette époque ? Filmer reste d’abord un geste instinctif, celui de vouloir garder en mémoire et de montrer aux autres. Le geste cinématographique, celui de se saisir d’une caméra et de tourner un film est donc, lui aussi, un objet pour les Sciences Sociales. Conçu comme un acte social, une prise de position d’un individu à un moment sp..

    Applicability of different textile materials in filtration process integrated with SBR for wastewater reuse in small settlements

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    In recent years, research activities on water reuse applications have rapidly increased to manage natural water sources efficiently. Although these applications in centralized treatment systems can be effectively, there are some drawbacks including the economic factors for small settlements. In this study, a textile filtration unit with the integration of a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) was developed and different textile materials were used to enhance the treated effluent quality for reuse purpose. While the textile filtration unit alone could not effectively remove the pollutants, the removal efficiencies could not exceed 36% for COD and 50% for BOD5. However, SBR integration to the filtration system improved the treated wastewater quality and COD and BOD5 reductions were obtained higher than 93%. Activated carbon coated cotton textile materials and activated carbon cloth, which was first time used for wastewater treatment, increased the treatment performances. In the filtration system, although the suspended solids were high in the SBR effluent, no clogging problem was observed even higher operation times. This paper presents the research results on this textile filtration system and experimental findings are discussed on the applicability of the system for small communities

    Effect of activated carbon produced from biochar on removal of 2, 4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid from aqueous solutions

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    The toxicity of pesticides and their degradation products is making these chemical substances a potential hazard by contaminating our environment. Therefore, the removal of pesticides from water is one of the major environmental concerns these days. 2,4-Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) belonging to the herbicide group, which is among the numerous pesticides used today, is widely used to control weeds due to its low cost and good selectivity. In order to offer an alternative to this environmental problem, the effect of activated carbon obtained by chemical activation from pyrolysis biochar on 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid removal from aqueous solutions has been investigated. The adsorption mechanism is explained by analyzing the effect of adsorption parameters. It is determined that the equilibrium data are suitable for Langmuir isotherm model among the applied isotherm models and the monolayer adsorption capacity is 344.83 mg g-1 at 318 K. The adsorption kinetics data of 2,4-D on activated carbon is better defined by the pseudo-second-order model. Thermodynamic calculations reveal that the adsorption process is spontaneous and endothermic. The activated carbon obtained from biochar has been observed to have a high adsorption capacity compared to adsorbent materials obtained from many other raw materials for the removal of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid

    Non-Oral Drug Delivery in Parkinson's Disease: Current Applications and Future

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    Parkinson's disease (PD) is a type of movement disorder that affects the ability to perform daily activities. It is considered that 1 million people in the U.S. and more than 10 million people worldwide live with PD. It is a chronic and progressive disease, so symptoms worsen over the time. Patients experience motor symptoms such as tremors, stiffness and slow motion, and non-motor symptoms such as sleep problems, constipation, anxiety, depression and fatigue. Dopaminergic drugs are critical for treating motor symptoms in PD. Levodopa (L-DOPA) is the gold standard medication for the control of motor symptoms. Because of the progression of the disease, the effectiveness of oral L-DOPA decreases over time and motor fluctuations such as delayed ON, no ON and unpredictable ON-OFF periods appear. These motor fluctuations affect the quality of life of the patient at a high rate and the patient has problems in fulfilling his daily morning routines. Gastrointestinal (GI) problems, as the common non-motor symptom, are the most important cause of motor fluctuations that occur because of inadequate oral treatment with the progression of PD. When oral treatments are not sufficient, non-oral treatments that are not affected by GI problems are required. In this review, the treatment strategies, developed and approved non-oral drug delivery systems in the early and advanced stages of PD are emphasized.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye [TUBITAK-219S545]This study was supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (grant TUBITAK-219S545)

    PRODUCTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ACTIVATED CARBON PREPARED FROM ORANGE PULP AND UTILIZATION FOR THE REMOVAL OF PHOSPHATE IONS

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    In this study, the use of activated carbon prepared from orange (Citrus sinensis L.) pulp by chemical activation has been investigated as an ideal alternative to the current expensive methods of removing phosphate ions. The effects of initial pH, initial concentration, contact time, temperature and other ions on adsorption were studied. The surface area and micropore volume of the obtained activated carbon were 1779.48 m(2) g(-1) and 1.1 cm(3) g(-2), respectively. The results indicated that the adsorption of phosphate ions followed a pseudo-second-order kinetic model and fitted the Langmuir and Temkin isotherm models better than other isotherm models. The maximum adsorption capacity obtained from Langmuir equation was 4.61 mg g(-1). The calculated thermodynamic parameters were showed that the adsorption of phosphate ions onto activated carbon was feasible, spontaneous and exothermic at 298-318 K. The results suggest that the activated carbon prepared from orange pulp has potential in remediation of phosphate ions contaminated waters

    Subacute echocardiographic effects of ACE inhibitors in the dogs with severe mitral regurgitation

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    The effects of the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors benazepril (13), enalapril (E), and ramipril (R) on the function, geometry, and dimensions of the left ventricle (LV) in the dogs with naturally acquired severe mitral regurgitation (MR) were evaluated by echocardiography. Thirty-two dogs, aged 8-16 years and weighing 10-12 kg, with fractional shortening (FS) >50% were included into the Study. Benazepril (0.5mg/kg/d), enalapril (0.5mg/kg/d), and ramipril (0.5mg/kg/d) were administered orally to B, E, and R groups, respectively. Furosemide (2mg/kg/d) was administered orally for conventional heart failure therapy. Physical, radiographic, electrocardiographic, and echocardiographic examinations were performed before treatment and oil day 7 after the treatment. A decrease in the left ventricle end diastolic diameter (LVEDd) in groups E and R and in end diastolic volume (EDV) in group E was considerable during the subacute period (P<0.05). The stroke volume (S V) significantly decreased ill groups E and R (P<0.01), whereas group B dogs had a mild decrease (P<0.05). FS and ejection fraction (EF) that were higher before treatment decreased significantly in all groups after the treatment (P<0.001). Differences in SV, FS, and EF were not statistically significant between groups. It was detected that LV was remodelled as a result of the effects of enalapril and ramipril on LVEDd and also EDV was decreased by enalapril. Furthermore, it was observed that these ACE inhibitors were effective on geometry, dimensions, and functions on LV of the dogs with severe MR, and enalapril was found to be the most effective agent, followed by ramipril and benazepril

    TWO DIFFERENT PATIENTS WITH SAME GENETIC MAKE-UP: RISPERIDONE INTOXICATION IN MONOZYGOTIC TWINS - CASE REPORT

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    Intoxication among children is frequently observed among patients visiting pediatric emergency clinics. Inappropriately taken dosages of frequently used drugs which have adverse effects are among remarkably frequent reasons of these visits. In this case report the focus is on 7-year-old monozygotic twins with no previous health problems, who came to the pediatric emergency clinic with a dystonic contraction complaint starting simultaneously in both of them

    Biologisation(s): Les usages sociaux de l’argument biologique en santé

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    International audienceThis book deals with the phenomena of “biologisation” in the field of health, i.e. all situations where biological causality prevails in establishing the determinants of human health, to the detriment of other interpretations. It is based on ethnographic field studies carried out with caregivers and patients by researchers in the humanities and social sciences, and on socio-historical discussions to clarify the proposed concept. This collective work extends the existing work on biologisation by considering its “practical” dimension: which actors in the field of health mobilise these biologising arguments? In which contexts? To what ends, and with what effects?Attribuer des sautes d’humeur aux hormones pour mieux refuser la pilule ? Faire du bégaiement un problème cérébral pour déculpabiliser les parents d’enfants bègues ? Envisager la dépression comme un manque de sérotonine auprès de patient·es hospitalisé·es en psychiatrie ?Voici autant de situations où, dans la relation soignant·e/soigné·e, les répertoires argumentatifs s’appuient prioritairement sur une référence à la biologie, au détriment d’autres types d’interprétations. Ce sont ces importations d’une grille d’analyse biologisante – désignées ici sous le terme de biologisation – qui sont explorées dans cet ouvrage. En se focalisant sur le domaine de la santé, il s’agit de comprendre dans quelle mesure les différents acteurs et actrices de ce champ (individus usagers, puissance publique, professionnel·les…) font appel à « l’argument biologique » pour défendre leurs pratiques et leurs représentations : quand, comment, avec quels effets et à quelles fins sont priorisées des causalités biologiques relativement à des causalités sociales ?Les études de terrains ethnographiques et les réflexions théoriques rassemblées ici s’adressent aux chercheur·es en sciences humaines et sociales mais pourront intéresser plus largement des professionnel·les de santé ou toute personne intéressée par les rapports de pouvoir traversant les questions de soin
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