The Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Oxidative Stress during Pneumoperitoneum

. Purpose. This study was intended to investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine on oxidative stress response in pneumoperitoneum established in rats. Methods. Animals were randomized into three groups, group S: with no pneumoperitoneum, group P: with pneumoperitoneum established, and group D: given 100 mcg intraperitoneal dexmedetomidine 30 min before establishment of pneumoperitoneum. Plasma total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), and oxidative stress index (OSI) activity were measured 30 min after conclusion of pneumoperitoneum. Results. The mean TOS level was significantly higher in group P than in the other two groups, and the TOS level was significantly higher in group D than in group S ( < 0.05). Plasma TAS level was found to be lower in group P than in the other two groups, and the TAS level was lower in group D than in group S ( < 0.05). Consequently, the OSI was significantly higher in group P than in groups D and S ( < 0.05). Conclusions. Ischemiareperfusion phenomenon that occurs during pneumoperitoneum causes oxidative stress and consumption of plasma antioxidants. Dexmedetomidine decreases oxidative stress caused by pneumoperitoneum and strengthens the antioxidant defense system

Comparison Of Hearing Screening Protocols For Universal Newborn Hearing Screening In Turkey

Objective: Congenital hearing loss is one of the most common major abnormalities present at birth. Early diagnose is very important. In this study a comparison of five different newborn hearing screening protocols are made to determine the most suitable screening protocol which can form a model for newborn hearing screenings in Turkey's maternity hospitals. Methods: Newborn hearing screening tests (TEOAE and AABR) were performed on 500 newborns. Five test protocols were used and compared. In the first protocol, TEOAE was only used. In the second protocol AABR was only used. In the third protocol automatic tympanometry, TEOAE and AABR were used. In the fourth protocol TEOAE and AABR were used. In the fifth protocol automatic tympanometry and TEOAE were used. Results: Congenital bilateral hearing loss is found 2/1000 in this study. There was high consistency among second (A-ABR used only), the third (Automatic tympanometry TEOAE and A-ABR were used) and the fourth (TEOAE and AABR were used) protocols. On accounts of high population number and rapid population growth, it is vital to conduct national newborn hearing screening in Turkey.Wo

Down-Regulation Of Mirna 145 And Up-Regulation Of Mirna 4516 May Be Associated With Primary Hypertension

Complex mechanisms including genetic factors have been proposed in the pathogenesis of primary hypertension (HT). Micro RNAs (miRNAs) are single-stranded RNA molecules that are not converted into protein products. However, it has been established that genes regulate conversion into protein products. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the roles of miRNA 4516, miRNA 145, miRNA 24, and miRNA 181a in the pathogenesis of HT. The secondary aim was to investigate the relation between these miRNAs and renin, aldosterone, norepinephrine, renalase, and NOS. Fifty-two hypertensive and 51 control normotensive individuals under observation in the Cappadocia cohort were included in the study. miRNA 4516, miRNA 181a, miRNA 24, and miRNA 145 levels were measured using the ddPCR method. miRNA 4516 and norepinephrine levels were significantly higher in the HT group (P < .005 for both), while miRNA 145 levels were significantly lower (<.05). miRNA 4516 up-regulation (P < .05) and miRNA 145 down-regulation (P < .05) were identified as independent predictors of HT. Renalase exhibited negative correlation with miRNA 4516 and positive correlation with miRNA 145 in the patient and control group. In addition, negative correlation was present between miRNA 24 and NE and NOS and between miRNA 181a and NOS in the patient group. Our study identified, for the first time in the literature, miRNA 4516 up-regulation and miRNA 145 down-regulation as independent determinants of HT. Further studies performed in the light of our findings may lead to a better understanding of the pathogenesis and new therapeutic possibilities.WoSScopu

Self stigmatization, cognitive functions and social functioning in mood disorders

Purpose: Internalized stigmatization (IS) generally has a negative effect on diagnosis, treatment, rehabilitation and prognosis of diseases. The purpose of this study is to compare patients with bipolar disorder and unipolar depression both are in remission in terms of IS and social functioning (SF), cognitive function and secondly to consider relationship between IS, cognitive functions and SF. Methods: This cross-sectional study is carried out with bipolar (BD) and unipolar depression (UD) patients in remission, admitted to the psychiatry outpatient clinics of Akdeniz University Hospital. The sample size is estimated as 35 patients. Basic independent variable is the type of disease and dependent variables are; IS, cognitive functions and SF. Performed scales are: The internalized stigma of mental ilness scale, the social functioning scale and for the assesment of cognitive functions: Wisconsin card sorting, stroop test, test of verbal memory process. Results.Concerning the results there was negative corelation between IS and SF scores in all groups. There was only significant relationship between verbal memory and IS in UD patients. There was not any significant relationship between IS and cognitive function in BD patients. Conclusion: This study indicates that in terms of cognitive functions, patients with unipolar depression are effected as much as the patients with bipolar disorder also manifesting the inverse relation between IS and SF, however cognitive functions were relevant to IS only in UD patients. [Cukurova Med J 2013; 38(3.000): 390-402

Zoledronic acid: Treatment option for Gorham-Stout disease

Gorham-Stout disease is arare bone resorption disease, the etiology and prognosis of which is uncertain but it is thought to be benign. It can involve one or more bones and can cause pain, swelling, deformity and fractures in affected bones. Diagnosis is made with acombination of clinical, radiological and histopathological examinations once other causes of osteolysis have been excluded. Due to its rarity, there is no standard therapeutic approach. ZusammenfassungDas Gorham-Stout-Syndrom ist eine seltene Erkrankung, bei der es zu einem Knochenabbau kommt. Atiologie und Prognose sind ungewiss, aber es gilt als benigne. Es kann ein oder mehrere Knochen betreffen, dabei kann es zu Schmerzen, Schwellungen, Deformitaten und Frakturen in den betroffenen Knochen kommen. Die Diagnose wird anhand einer Kombination aus klinischen, radiologischen und histopathologischen Untersuchungen gestellt, sofern andere Ursachen fur die Osteolyse ausgeschlossen wurden. Aufgrund seiner Seltenheit gibt es keine Standardtherapie fur diese Erkrankung

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FRAILTY AND COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT IN YOUNG ADULT HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS

Objective: Frailty is a definition used in relation to geriatric populations, indicating physical inactivity and susceptibility to disease. Studies investigating frailty in hemodialysis (HD) patients mostly include the elderly. Cognitive impairment is overlooked in HD patients. This study aims to investigate associations between frailty and cognitive impairment in young-adult HD patients

Comparison of Intraabdominal and Trocar Site Local Anaesthetic Infiltration on Postoperative Analgesia After Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

Objective: This study aimed to compare the efficacy of local anaesthetic infiltration to trocar wounds and intraperitoneally on postoperative pain as a part of a multimodal analgesia method after laparoscopic cholecystectomies

The Effect Of Intermittent Fasting On Blood Pressure Variability In Patients With Newly Diagnosed Hypertension Or Prehypertension

Intermittent fasting is a phenomenon which can be observed in most humans. The effect of intermittent fasting on blood pressure variability (BPV) has not previously been investigated. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of fasting on blood pressure (BP) (with office, home, central, and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring [ABPM]) and on BPV. Sixty individuals were included in the study. Office, home, ABPM, and central BP measurements were performed before and during intermittent fasting. Standard deviation and coefficient variation were used for office and home BPV measurement, while the smoothness index was used to calculate ABPM variability. Patients' BP and BPV values before and during intermittent fasting were then compared. Intermittent fasting resulted in a significant decrease in office BP values and ABPM measurements but caused no significant change in home and central BP measurements. Twenty-four hour urinary sodium excretion decreased. Smoothness values obtained from ABPM measurements were low; in other words, BPV was greater. BPV was higher in patients who woke up to eat before sunrise, but BPV was low in patients with high body mass index. Intermittent fasting produced a significant decrease in BP values in terms of office and ABPM measurements in this study but caused no significant change in central BP and home measurements. We also identified an increase in BPV during intermittent fasting, particularly in patients who rose before sunrise. (C) 2017 American Society of Hypertension. All rights reserved.WoSScopu