A Randomized Clinical Trial of Gokshuradi Ghan Vati and Gokshuradi Rasayana Churna Along with Swarjikadya Taila Karna Pichu in the Management of Karnasrava with Special Reference to Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media

Karnasrava means flow, oozing, dropping, exudate or discharge through ear. Karnasrava correlates in modern science with C.S.O.M. C.S.O.M. are a chronic inflammation of the middle ear which is the result of an initial episode of acute otitis media and characterized by recurrent discharge from the middle ear through a tympanic perforation. According to WHO prevalence of c.s.o.m. involves 65-330 million individuals with draining ears, 60% of whom (39-200 million) suffers from significant hearing impairment. Material and Method: The present study is done with 30 patients of Karnasrava divided into two groups, 15 patients were treated with Gokshuradi Ghan Vati along with Swarjikadya Taila Karna Pichu rest 15 were treated with Gokshuradi Rasayana Churna along with Swarjikadya Taila Karna Pichu. Result: It showed that Gokshuradi Ghana vati along with Swarjikadya Taila Karna Pichu showed slightly significant as compared to Gokshuradi Rasayana Churna along with Swarjikadya Taila Karna Pichu. Discussion: Swarjikadya Taila is acts as Sthanika Snehana and Swedana, thus causes increased local warming, pseudo-inflammation and increased blood circulation there by helping in better absorption to affected site. Most of the drugs of Gokshuradi Ghana Vati have Rasayana, Kasa-Shwashara, Vedanasthapana, Shulaprashmana, Shothahara, Balya, Vranashodhana, Vranaropana, Krimighna, Deepana, Pachana properties. Conclusion: Both groups showed good result in the management of Karnasrava but Gokshuradi Ghan vati along with Swarjikadya taila Karna pichu showed slightly significant as compared to Gokshuradi Rasayana Churna along with Swarjikadya Taila Karna Pichu

Development of sub-tropically adapted diverse provitamin-A rich maize inbreds through marker-assisted pedigree selection, their characterization and utilization in hybrid breeding.

Malnutrition has emerged as one of the major health problems worldwide. Traditional yellow maize has low provitamin-A (proA) content and its genetic base in proA biofortification breeding program of subtropics is extremely narrow. To diversify the proA rich germplasm, 10 elite low proA inbreds were crossed with a proA rich donor (HP702-22) having mutant crtRB1 gene. The F2 populations derived from these crosses were genotyped using InDel marker specific to crtRB1. Severe marker segregation distortion was observed. Seventeen crtRB1 inbreds developed through marker-assisted pedigree breeding and seven inbreds generated using marker-assisted backcross breeding were characterized using 77 SSRs. Wide variation in gene diversity (0.08 to 0.79) and dissimilarity coefficient (0.28 to 0.84) was observed. The inbreds were grouped into three major clusters depicting the existing genetic diversity. The crtRB1-based inbreds possessed high β-carotene (BC: 8.72μg/g), β-cryptoxanthin (BCX: 4.58μg/g) and proA (11.01μg/g), while it was 2.35μg/g, 1.24μg/g and 2.97μg/g in checks, respectively. Based on their genetic relationships, 15 newly developed crtRB1-based inbreds were crossed with five testers (having crtRB1 gene) using line × tester mating design. 75 experimental hybrids with crtRB1 gene were evaluated over three locations. These experimental hybrids possessed higher BC (8.02μg/g), BCX (4.69μg/g), proA (10.37μg/g) compared to traditional hybrids used as check (BC: 2.36 μg/g, BCX: 1.53μg/g, proA: 3.13μg/g). Environment and genotypes × environment interaction had minor effects on proA content. Both additive and dominance gene action were significant for proA. The mean proportion of proA to total carotenoids (TC) was 44% among crtRB1-based hybrids, while 11% in traditional hybrids. BC was found to be positively correlated with BCX (r = 0.68) and proA (r = 0.98). However, no correlation was observed between proA and grain yield. Several hybrids with >10.0 t/ha grain yield with proA content >10.0 μg/g were identified. This is the first comprehensive study on development of diverse proA rich maize hybrids through marker-assisted pedigree breeding approach. The findings provides sustainable and cost-effective solution to alleviate vitamin-A deficiency

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Not AvailableMalnutrition has emerged as one of the major health problems worldwide. Traditional yellow maize has low provitamin-A (proA) content and its genetic base in proA biofortification breeding program of subtropics is extremely narrow. To diversify the proA rich germplasm, 10 elite low proA inbreds were crossed with a proA rich donor (HP702-22) having mutant crtRB1 gene. The F2 populations derived from these crosses were genotyped using InDel marker specific to crtRB1. Severe marker segregation distortion was observed. Seventeen crtRB1 inbreds developed through marker-assisted pedigree breeding and seven inbreds generated using marker-assisted backcross breeding were characterized using 77 SSRs. Wide variation in gene diversity (0.08 to 0.79) and dissimilarity coefficient (0.28 to 0.84) was observed. The inbreds were grouped into three major clusters depicting the existing genetic diversity. The crtRB1-based inbreds possessed high β-carotene (BC: 8.72μg/g), β-cryptox- anthin (BCX: 4.58μg/g) and proA (11.01μg/g), while it was 2.35μg/g, 1.24μg/g and 2.97μg/g in checks, respectively. Based on their genetic relationships, 15 newly developed crtRB1- based inbreds were crossed with five testers (having crtRB1 gene) using line × tester mating design. 75 experimental hybrids with crtRB1 gene were evaluated over three locations. These experimental hybrids possessed higher BC (8.02μg/g), BCX (4.69μg/g), proA (10.37μg/g) compared to traditional hybrids used as check (BC: 2.36 μg/g, BCX: 1.53μg/g, proA: 3.13μg/g). Environment and genotypes × environment interaction had minor effects on proA content. Both additive and dominance gene action were significant for proA.Not Availabl