23 research outputs found

    Characterization of the newly isolated lytic bacteriophages KTN6 and KT28 and their efficacy against Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm

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    We here describe two novel lytic phages, KT28 and KTN6, infecting Pseudomonas aeruginosa, isolated from a sewage sample from an irrigated field near Wroclaw, in Poland. Both viruses show characteristic features of Pbunalikevirus genus within the Myoviridae family with respect to shape and size of head/tail, as well as LPS host receptor recognition. Genome analysis confirmed the similarity to other PB1-related phages, ranging between 48 and 96%. Pseudomonas phage KT28 has a genome size of 66,381 bp and KTN6 of 65,994 bp. The latent period, burst size, stability and host range was determined for both viruses under standard laboratory conditions. Biofilm eradication efficacy was tested on peg-lid plate assay and PET membrane surface. Significant reduction of colony forming units was observed (70-90%) in 24 h to 72 h old Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 biofilm cultures for both phages. Furthermore, a pyocyanin and pyoverdin reduction tests reveal that tested phages lowers the amount of both secreted dyes in 48-72 h old biofilms. Diffusion and goniometry experiments revealed the increase of diffusion rate through the biofilm matrix after phage application. These characteristics indicate these phages could be used to prevent Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections and biofilm formation. It was also shown, that PB1-related phage treatment of biofilm caused the emergence of stable phage-resistant mutants growing as small colony variants

    Subiektywne rozumienie bycia zdrowym wśród studentów pielęgniarstwa i ratownictwa medycznego – badanie wstępne = The subjective understanding of being healthy among students of nursing and medical rescue – a preliminary study

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    Wasil Anna, Pietraszek Agata, Charzyńska-Gula Marianna, Nowicki Grzegorz. Subiektywne rozumienie bycia zdrowym wśród studentów pielęgniarstwa i ratownictwa medycznego – badanie wstępne = The subjective understanding of being healthy among students of nursing and medical rescue – a preliminary study. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2016;6(4):493-502. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.50708 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/3499     The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 755 (23.12.2015). 755 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7 © The Author (s) 2016; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 05.04.2016. Revised 25.04.2016. Accepted: 28.04.2016.     Subiektywne rozumienie bycia zdrowym wśród studentów pielęgniarstwa i ratownictwa medycznego – badanie wstępne   The subjective understanding of being healthy among students of nursing and medical rescue – a preliminary study   Anna Wasil1, Agata Pietraszek1, Marianna Charzyńska-Gula2, Grzegorz Nowicki1     1. Katedra Onkologii i Środowiskowej Opieki Zdrowotnej, Wydział Nauk o Zdrowiu, Uniwersytet Medyczny w Lublinie 2. Wydział Nauk Społecznych i Humanistycznych, Państwowa Wyższa Szkoła Zawodowa im. prof. Stanisława Tarnowskiego w Tarnobrzegu   Streszczenie   Wstęp: Najcenniejszą wartością dla człowieka jest zdrowie, które może przyjmować różne oblicze w zależności od wieku, płci, wykształcenia czy sytuacji społeczno-ekonomicznej. Sposób postrzegania pojęcia „zdrowie” wpływa w dużej mierze na zachowania zdrowotne, które kreują styl życia jednostki. Młodzież akademicka jest tą grupą społeczną, która w procesie socjalizacji podlega częstym próbom eksperymentowania, naśladowania, wybierania i w konsekwencji zmieniania otrzymanych w okresie dzieciństwa i młodości wzorców zachowań, bardzo istotnych ze względu na ryzyko pojawienia się kryzysu zdrowotnego lub też utrzymania dobrego potencjału zdrowia.  Cel: Celem badań było poznanie opinii studentów pielęgniarstwa i ratownictwa medycznego dotyczącej znaczenia pojęcia  „bycia zdrowym”, które w języku potocznym obrazuje kluczową dla badań subiektywną definicję zdrowia. Materiał i metody: W pracy wykorzystano metodę sondażu diagnostycznego z wykorzystanie dwóch narzędzi: autorskiego kwestionariusza ankiety oraz standaryzowanego narzędzia badawczego-Listy Kryteriów Zdrowia. Wyniki i wnioski: Badana młodzież akademicka uważa „bycie zdrowym” za bardzo istotną wartość w życiu każdego człowieka. Co więcej, zdecydowana większość badanych uważa się za osoby zdrowe a swój styl życia uważa za prozdrowotny. Określenie zdrowia przez studentów dotyczyło głównie jego wymiaru fizycznego. Być zdrowym to w przekonaniu badanych  „mieć sprawne wszystkie części ciała”, „nie odczuwać żadnych dolegliwości fizycznych” oraz „czuć się dobrze”, szczególnie dla mężczyzn i studentów kierunku  ratownictwo medyczne. W przypadku kobiet w subiektywnym postrzeganiu „bycia zdrowym” częściej istotne było „dożyć późnej starości”.   Słowa kluczowe: umiejętność dbania o zdrowie; zdrowie kobiety; zdrowie mężczyzny; studenci zawodów medycznych.     Abstract   Introduction: Health is the most treasured value which can taken on different forms depending on age, gender, education or the socioeconomic situation of a person. The perception of the notion of health has a considerable impact on health behaviours, which shape people's lives. University students constitute a social group which, in the process of socialisation, often experiments with, imitates and chooses behaviour patterns that are often different from the models developed during childhood and adolescence, which is very crucial due to the risk of health crisis and for maintaining a high health potential. Objective: The purpose of the study was to identify the opinions of students of nursing and medical rescue on the meaning of "being healthy", which in everyday language represents a subjective definition of health of substantial value for research. Material and methods: The study was carried out with the use of a diagnostic survey and two tools – a self-designed questionnaire and a standardised research tool called the List of Health Criteria. Results and conclusions: The surveyed university students claimed that "being healthy" is an extremely important value in every individual's life. Furthermore, a considerable majority of the respondents considered themselves to be healthy and leading a healthy lifestyle. The students' perceptions of health referred mainly to the physical dimension of the notion. According to the surveyed, being healthy meant "having all body parts working properly" "not experiencing any physical discomfort" and "feeling  well", especially for male students of medical rescue. In the case of female students, the subjective perception of "being healthy" often involved "living up to a ripe old age" as a major factor.   Key words: health literacy; women’s health; men’s health; students health occupations

    Emerging Phage Resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 Is Accompanied by an Enhanced Heterogeneity and Reduced Virulence

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    Bacterial surface structures of a proteinic nature and glycoconjugates contribute to biofilm formation and provide shields to host defense mechanisms (e.g., the complement system and phagocytosis). A loss or alteration of these molecules, leading to phage resistance, could result in fewer virulent bacteria. In this study, we evaluate the biology and phenotype changes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 phage-resistant clones, which emerge in phage-treated biofilms. We characterize these clones for phage-typing patterns, antibiotic resistance, biofilm formation, pathogenicity, and interactions with the innate immune system. Another important question that we address is whether phage-resistant mutants are also generated incidentally, despite the phage treatment-selective pressure, as the natural adaptation of the living biofilm population. It is found that the application of different phages targeting a particular receptor selects similar phage resistance patterns. Nevertheless, this results in a dramatic increase in the population heterogeneity, giving over a dozen phage-typing patterns, compared to one of the untreated PAO1 sessile forms. We also confirm the hypothesis that “phage-resistant bacteria are more susceptible to antibiotics and host-clearance mechanisms by the immune system”. These findings support phage application in therapy, although the overall statement that phage treatment selects the less virulent bacterial population should be further verified using a bigger collection of clinical strains

    Phage treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa yields a phage-resistant population with different susceptibility to innate immune responses and mild effects on metabolic profiles

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    In this study, we have investigated innate immune activation capacity and metabolic features of a population of P. aeruginosa PAO1 phage-resistant mutants with diverse genetic modification (large genomic deletions and point mutations) arising after exposure to phages targetting lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or Type-4 pili (T4P). Deletions led to the loss of genes involved in LPS synthesis, cell envelope permeability, efflux systems, biofilm production, oxidative stress tolerance, and DNA repair. Loss of LPS O antigen resulted in bacterial sensitivity to serum complement and stimulation of inflammatory cascades but did not cause increased phagocytosis, while T4P phage-resistant mutants were more effectively phagocytized than LPS-defective mutants. Changes in the utilization of different carbon, nitrogen, sulphur, and phosphorus sources were identified, especially in mutants where the two phage DNA persisted in the bacterial population (pseudolysogeny). However, the metabolic changes did not directly correlate with single-gene mutations or the large gene deletions, suggesting they reflect adaptive changes to the gene modifications that arise during the selection of resistant mutants. In contrast, phage-resistant mutants were susceptible to humoral innate immune responses, suggesting that phage resistance may be a beneficial outcome of phage therapy

    Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA5oct Jumbo Phage Impacts Planktonic and Biofilm Population and Reduces Its Host Virulence

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    The emergence of phage-resistant mutants is a key aspect of lytic phages-bacteria interaction and the main driver for the co-evolution between both organisms. Here, we analyze the impact of PA5oct jumbo phage treatment on planktonic/cell line associated and sessile P. aeruginosa population. Besides its broad-spectrum activity and efficient bacteria reduction in both airway surface liquid (ASL) model, and biofilm matrix degradation, PA5oct appears to persist in most of phage-resistant clones. Indeed, a high percentage of resistance (20/30 clones) to PA5oct is accompanied by the presence of phage DNA within bacterial culture. Moreover, the maintenance of this phage in the bacterial population correlates with reduced P. aeruginosa virulence, coupled with a sensitization to innate immune mechanisms, and a significantly reduced growth rate. We observed rather unusual consequences of PA5oct infection causing an increased inflammatory response of monocytes to P. aeruginosa. This phenomenon, combined with the loss or modification of the phage receptor, makes most of the phage-resistant clones significantly less pathogenic in in vivo model. These findings provide new insights into the general knowledge of giant phages biology and the impact of their application in phage therapy.status: publishe

    Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA5oct Jumbo Phage Impacts Planktonic and Biofilm Population and Reduces Its Host Virulence

    No full text
    The emergence of phage-resistant mutants is a key aspect of lytic phages-bacteria interaction and the main driver for the co-evolution between both organisms. Here, we analyze the impact of PA5oct jumbo phage treatment on planktonic/cell line associated and sessile P. aeruginosa population. Besides its broad-spectrum activity and efficient bacteria reduction in both airway surface liquid (ASL) model, and biofilm matrix degradation, PA5oct appears to persist in most of phage-resistant clones. Indeed, a high percentage of resistance (20/30 clones) to PA5oct is accompanied by the presence of phage DNA within bacterial culture. Moreover, the maintenance of this phage in the bacterial population correlates with reduced P. aeruginosa virulence, coupled with a sensitization to innate immune mechanisms, and a significantly reduced growth rate. We observed rather unusual consequences of PA5oct infection causing an increased inflammatory response of monocytes to P. aeruginosa. This phenomenon, combined with the loss or modification of the phage receptor, makes most of the phage-resistant clones significantly less pathogenic in in vivo model. These findings provide new insights into the general knowledge of giant phages biology and the impact of their application in phage therapy

    Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA5oct jumbo phage impacts planktonic and biofilm population and reduces its host virulence

    No full text
    The emergence of phage-resistant mutants is a key aspect of lytic phages-bacteria interaction and the main driver for the co-evolution between both organisms. Here, we analyze the impact of PA5oct jumbo phage treatment on planktonic/cell line associated and sessile P. aeruginosa population. Besides its broad-spectrum activity and efficient bacteria reduction in both airway surface liquid (ASL) model, and biofilm matrix degradation, PA5oct appears to persist in most of phage-resistant clones. Indeed, a high percentage of resistance (20/30 clones) to PA5oct is accompanied by the presence of phage DNA within bacterial culture. Moreover, the maintenance of this phage in the bacterial population correlates with reduced P. aeruginosa virulence, coupled with a sensitization to innate immune mechanisms, and a significantly reduced growth rate. We observed rather unusual consequences of PA5oct infection causing an increased inflammatory response of monocytes to P. aeruginosa. This phenomenon, combined with the loss or modification of the phage receptor, makes most of the phage-resistant clones significantly less pathogenic in in vivo model. These findings provide new insights into the general knowledge of giant phages biology and the impact of their application in phage therapy
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