"Quand j’avais 7 ans je mai tué " puis je suis devenu schizophrène"

International audiencePsychotic dccompensation can bc perceived as family bonds being attac-ked. It can be limited to a traumatic event like the news of a ncw-born's death or an unbearable crime committed by a child. Parents then give up investing in their child who then goes through a narcissistic "fracture". The authors show from a case study, how this overall disillusion process can bring about paranoid expériences in life.La décompensation psychotique peut être appréhendée comme une attaque des liens familiaux. Elle peut être reliée à un événement traumatique tel l'annonce de la mort d'un nouveau-né ou d'un acte intolérable commis par un enfant. Les parents désinvestissent l'enfant qui vit une "fracture" narcis-sique. Les auteurs montrent à partir d'un cas clinique, comment ce mouve-ment de désillusion massif peut déclencher des vécus paranoïdes

Fermentation of C6 carbohydrates from triticale straw hemicellulosic fraction as pretreatment for xylose purification

International audienceTriticale (Triticosecale Wittmack), may be considered as an energy crop because of its fast growth rate, of its potential for human and animal feed but as well, for its lignocellulosic content. Such potential, combined to the fact that it can grow in northern climate has raised significant interest for this plant in Canada. In this work, the non-edible part of the plant (straws) of triticale (Triticosecale Wittmack 'Pronghorn') was fractionated using the Feedstock Impregnation Rapid and Sequential Steam Treatment (FIRSST). Fractionation was performed using both a one and a two-step steam process leading to the isolation of the different macromolecular fractions from lignocellulose. Results showed that in addition to its potential for ethanol production, the two-step FIRSST treatments have shown promising results producing a high quality pulp (selectivity of 94% into alpha-cellulose) whilst allowing direct recovery of solubilized hemicelluloses. After isolation, the C6 carbohydrates from the hemicellulosic fractions were fermented to ethanol after being first hydrolyzed using a non-enzymatic approach. The hydrolyzed hemicellulosic broths were then fermented using Saccharomyces cerevisiae and results showed a high C6 sugar conversion with 96.8 wt% of the glucose converted to ethanol thus producing a mixture of relatively pure xylos

A 15-day course of donepezil modulates spectral EEG dynamics related to target auditory stimuli in young, healthy adult volunteers

To identify possible electroencephalographic (EEG) markers of donepezil's effect on cortical activity in young, healthy adult volunteers at the group level. METHODS: Thirty subjects were administered a daily dose of either 5mg donepezil or placebo for 15days in a double-blind, randomized, cross-over trial. The electroencephalogram during an auditory oddball paradigm was recorded from 58 scalp electrodes. Current source density (CSD) transformations were applied to EEG epochs. The event-related potential (ERP), inter-trial coherence (ITC: the phase consistency of the EEG spectrum) and event-related spectral perturbation (ERSP: the EEG power spectrum relative to the baseline) were calculated for the target (oddball) stimuli. RESULTS: The donepezil and placebo conditions differed in terms of the changes in delta/theta/alpha/beta ITC and ERSP in various regions of the scalp (especially the frontal electrodes) but not in terms of latency and amplitude of the P300-ERP component. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that ITC and ERSP analyses can provide EEG markers of donepezil's effects in young, healthy, adult volunteers at a group level. SIGNIFICANCE: Novel EEG markers could be useful to assess the therapeutic potential of drug candidates in Alzheimer's disease in healthy volunteers prior to the initiation of Phase II/III clinical studies in patients