Intérêt du dosage de la troponine I cardiaque plasmatique pour le diagnostic d'affection myocardique aiguë chez le chien

La troponine I cardiaque (cTNI) est un composant du complexe troponine myocardique. Elle s'est révélée être un marqueur plus sensible et plus spécifique de l'atteinte myocardique que ceux précédemment utilisés. La concentration en cTNI d'échantillons plasmatiques de chiens sains (n=25) et de chiens suspects d'atteinte myocardique [traumatisme (n=30), parvovirose (n=16), autre (n=6)] a été dosée grâce à un immunodosage (Advia Centaur). La cTNI était indétectable pour tout le lot témoin (concentration inférieure à 0,1 ng/ml) et anormalement élevée chez 16 chiens traumatisés et 4 chiens atteints d'affections diverses (1 dyspnée, 2 dilatation-torsion de l'estomac et 1 épanchement péricardique). Aucune différence n'a été notée entre le lot témoin et celui atteint de parvovirose. Le dosage de la cTNI semble être efficace pour diagnostiquer une atteinte myocardique. Son intérêt dans la prise en charge d'animaux potentiellement atteints reste à évaluer

Chitosan fibrous scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering

The biocompatibility of chitosan and its similarity with glycosaminoglycans make it attractive for cartilage engineering despite its limited cell adhesion properties. Structural and chemical characteristics of chitosan scaffolds may be improved for cartilage engineering application. We planned to evaluate chitosan meshes produced by a novel technique and the effect of chitosan structure on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) chondrogenesis. Another objective was to improve cell adhesion and chondrogenesis on chitosan by modifying the chemical composition of the scaffold (reacetylation, collagen II, or hyaluronic acid (HA) coating). A replica molding technique was developed to produce chitosan meshes of different fiber-width. A polyglycolic acid (PGA) mesh served as a reference. Constructs were analyzed at two and 21 days after seeding chondrocytes with confocal microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, histology, and quantitative analysis (weights, DNA, glycosaminoglycans, collagen II). Chondrocytes maintained their phenotypic appearance and a high viability but attached preferentially to PGA. Matrix production per chondrocyte was superior on chitosan. Chitosan meshes and sponges were analyzed after seeding and culture of MSCs under chondrogenic condition for 21 days. The cellularity was similar between groups but matrix production was greater on meshes. Chitosan and reacetylated-chitosan scaffolds were coated with collagen II or HA. Scaffolds were characterized prior to seeding MSCs. Chitosan meshes were then coated with collagen at two densities. PGA served as a reference. Constructs were evaluated after seeding or culture of MSCs for 21 days in chondrogenic medium. MSCs adhered less to reacetylated-chitosan despite collagen coating. HA did not affect cell adhesion. The cell attachment on chitosan correlated with collagen density. The cell number and matrix production were improved after culture in collagen coated meshes. The differences between PGA and chitosan are likely to result from the chemical composition. Chondrogenesis is superior on chitosan meshes compared to sponges. Collagen II coating is an efficient way to overcome poor cell adhesion on chitosan. These findings encourage the use of chitosan meshes coated with collagen II and confirm the importance of biomimetic scaffolds for tissue engineering. The decreased cell adhesion on reacetylated chitosan and the poor mechanical stability of PGA limit their use for tissue engineering

Intérêt du dosage de la troponine I cardiaque plasmatique pour le diagnostic d'affection myocardique aiguë chez le chien

La troponine I cardiaque (cTNI) est un composant du complexe troponine myocardique. Elle s'est révélée être un marqueur plus sensible et plus spécifique de l'atteinte myocardique que ceux précédemment utilisés. La concentration en cTNI d'échantillons plasmatiques de chiens sains (n=25) et de chiens suspects d'atteinte myocardique [traumatisme (n=30), parvovirose (n=16), autre (n=6)] a été dosée grâce à un immunodosage (Advia Centaur). La cTNI était indétectable pour tout le lot témoin (concentration inférieure à 0,1 ng/ml) et anormalement élevée chez 16 chiens traumatisés et 4 chiens atteints d'affections diverses (1 dyspnée, 2 dilatation-torsion de l'estomac et 1 épanchement péricardique). Aucune différence n'a été notée entre le lot témoin et celui atteint de parvovirose. Le dosage de la cTNI semble être efficace pour diagnostiquer une atteinte myocardique. Son intérêt dans la prise en charge d'animaux potentiellement atteints reste à évaluer.TOULOUSE3-BU Santé-Centrale (315552105) / SudocTOULOUSE-EN Vétérinaire (315552301) / SudocSudocFranceF

Short- and long-term outcomes after arthroscopic treatment of young large breed dogs with medial compartment disease of the elbow

OBJECTIVES To report short- and long-term outcomes after arthroscopic treatment in young large breed dogs affected by medial coronoid process disease (MCPD) and identify variables affecting outcome. STUDY DESIGN Prospective observational case series. ANIMALS Large breed dogs <3 years old (n = 15; 23 elbows). METHODS MCPD was confirmed by radiography, computed tomography, and arthroscopy. Dogs were treated by arthroscopy. Variables recorded at time of treatment included radioulnar incongruity (RUI) and degree of cartilage erosion. Variables recorded before, 6 weeks, and ≥23 months after surgery included radiographic score for osteoarthritis, trochlear notch sclerosis, muscle circumference, range of motion (ROM), and the load distribution of vertical ground reaction forces between thoracic and pelvic limbs. RESULTS A greater load distribution to the pelvic limbs was identified preoperatively in dogs with RUI than in dogs with congruent elbows. Load distribution was not significantly improved at 6 weeks compared with preoperatively. Muscle circumference and vertical impulse distributions were improved at long-term evaluation despite an increased osteoarthritis score. This improvement was more obvious in dogs with RUI or a high degree of cartilage erosion at initial presentation. CONCLUSION Some evidence of improvement in long-term function was found in dogs with MCPD after arthroscopic treatment. RUI and cartilage erosion at the time of diagnosis were associated with more lameness preoperatively but did not affect the final gait assessment or osteoarthritis score in this small cohort