14,337 research outputs found
A State Distillation Protocol to Implement Arbitrary Single-qubit Rotations
An important task required to build a scalable, fault-tolerant quantum
computer is to efficiently represent an arbitrary single-qubit rotation by
fault-tolerant quantum operations. Traditionally, the method for decomposing a
single-qubit unitary into a discrete set of gates is Solovay-Kitaev
decomposition, which in practice produces a sequence of depth
O(\log^c(1/\epsilon)), where c~3.97 is the state-of-the-art. The proven lower
bound is c=1, however an efficient algorithm that saturates this bound is
unknown. In this paper, we present an alternative to Solovay-Kitaev
decomposition employing state distillation techniques which reduces c to
between 1.12 and 2.27, depending on the setting. For a given single-qubit
rotation, our protocol significantly lowers the length of the approximating
sequence and the number of required resource states (ancillary qubits). In
addition, our protocol is robust to noise in the resource states.Comment: 10 pages, 18 figures, 5 table
Quantile-based optimization under uncertainties using adaptive Kriging surrogate models
Uncertainties are inherent to real-world systems. Taking them into account is
crucial in industrial design problems and this might be achieved through
reliability-based design optimization (RBDO) techniques. In this paper, we
propose a quantile-based approach to solve RBDO problems. We first transform
the safety constraints usually formulated as admissible probabilities of
failure into constraints on quantiles of the performance criteria. In this
formulation, the quantile level controls the degree of conservatism of the
design. Starting with the premise that industrial applications often involve
high-fidelity and time-consuming computational models, the proposed approach
makes use of Kriging surrogate models (a.k.a. Gaussian process modeling).
Thanks to the Kriging variance (a measure of the local accuracy of the
surrogate), we derive a procedure with two stages of enrichment of the design
of computer experiments (DoE) used to construct the surrogate model. The first
stage globally reduces the Kriging epistemic uncertainty and adds points in the
vicinity of the limit-state surfaces describing the system performance to be
attained. The second stage locally checks, and if necessary, improves the
accuracy of the quantiles estimated along the optimization iterations.
Applications to three analytical examples and to the optimal design of a car
body subsystem (minimal mass under mechanical safety constraints) show the
accuracy and the remarkable efficiency brought by the proposed procedure
Electroweak Phase Transition and LHC Signatures in the Singlet Majoron Model
We reconsider the strength of the electroweak phase transition in the singlet
Majoron extension of the Standard Model, with a low (~TeV) scale of the singlet
VEV. A strongly first order phase transition, of interest for electroweak
baryogenesis, is found in sizeable regions of the parameter space, especially
when the cross-coupling lambda_{hs}|S|^2|H|^2 between the singlet and the
doublet Higgs is significant. Large Majorana Yukawa couplings of the singlet
neutrinos, y_i S nu_i^c nu_i, are also important for strengthening the
transition. We incorporate the LEP and Tevatron constraints on the Higgs
masses, and electroweak precision constraints, in our search for allowed
parameters; successful examples include singlet masses ranging from 5 GeV to
several TeV. Models with a strong phase transition typically predict a
nonstandard Higgs with mass in the range 113 GeV < m_H < 200 GeV and production
cross sections reduced by mixing with the singlet, with cos^2(theta)
significantly less than 1. We also find examples where the singlet is light and
the decay H -> SS can modify the Higgs branching ratios relative to Standard
Model expectations.Comment: 36 pages, 18 figure
Inverse Scattering and Acousto-Optic Imaging
We propose a tomographic method to reconstruct the optical properties of a
highly-scattering medium from incoherent acousto-optic measurements. The method
is based on the solution to an inverse problem for the diffusion equation and
makes use of the principle of interior control of boundary measurements by an
external wave field.Comment: 10 page
Boltzmann and hydrodynamic description for self-propelled particles
We study analytically the emergence of spontaneous collective motion within
large bidimensional groups of self-propelled particles with noisy local
interactions, a schematic model for assemblies of biological organisms. As a
central result, we derive from the individual dynamics the hydrodynamic
equations for the density and velocity fields, thus giving a microscopic
foundation to the phenomenological equations used in previous approaches. A
homogeneous spontaneous motion emerges below a transition line in the
noise-density plane. Yet, this state is shown to be unstable against spatial
perturbations, suggesting that more complicated structures should eventually
appear.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, final versio
Distance distribution in random graphs and application to networks exploration
We consider the problem of determining the proportion of edges that are
discovered in an Erdos-Renyi graph when one constructs all shortest paths from
a given source node to all other nodes. This problem is equivalent to the one
of determining the proportion of edges connecting nodes that are at identical
distance from the source node. The evolution of this quantity with the
probability of existence of the edges exhibits intriguing oscillatory behavior.
In order to perform our analysis, we introduce a new way of computing the
distribution of distances between nodes. Our method outperforms previous
similar analyses and leads to estimates that coincide remarkably well with
numerical simulations. It allows us to characterize the phase transitions
appearing when the connectivity probability varies.Comment: 12 pages, 8 figures (18 .eps files
Energy Conversion Using New Thermoelectric Generator
During recent years, microelectronics helped to develop complex and varied
technologies. It appears that many of these technologies can be applied
successfully to realize Seebeck micro generators: photolithography and
deposition methods allow to elaborate thin thermoelectric structures at the
micro-scale level. Our goal is to scavenge energy by developing a miniature
power source for operating electronic components. First Bi and Sb micro-devices
on silicon glass substrate have been manufactured with an area of 1cm2
including more than one hundred junctions. Each step of process fabrication has
been optimized: photolithography, deposition process, anneals conditions and
metallic connections. Different device structures have been realized with
different micro-line dimensions. Each devices performance will be reviewed and
discussed in function of their design structure.Comment: Submitted on behalf of TIMA Editions
(http://irevues.inist.fr/tima-editions
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