Responsive inclusive design (RiD): a new model for inclusive software development.

The design and development of technological solutions based on software for all types of people, including people with disabilities, is still a pending issue in most software application development projects today. Situations like the 2020 pandemic drastically reflect how people with disabilities tend to be left outside the application design and construction guidelines. There are multiple initiatives and previous works that advocate user involvement from the beginning of the project; however, in this work, we go a step further by presenting a model for designing and constructing software applications (RiD—Responsive inclusive Design) defined for inclusive software. RiD extends the involvement of the user with disabilities to the entire software life cycle, in different roles, and taking into account the changing nature of the user profile in the evolution of the product. This article also presents the EDICO case study, an accessible and inclusive scientific editor for the Spanish National Organization of the Blind (ONCE), which was successfully implemented applying the RiD principles.post-print1229 k

Análisis técnico y económico de sistemas de dehesas y montados (1991-1993)

Los sistemas agroforestales mediterráneos de dehesas y de montados ocupan una superficie superior a los 10 millones de hectáreas en el oeste y suroeste de la península Ibérica. La mitad de esta superficie se encuentra arbolada y la otra mitad corresponde al matorral, al pasto natural y a los cultivos extensivos desarbolados. Las dehesas y los montados mantienen una carga ganadera de más de 16 millones de ovejas equivalentes, correspondiendo dicha carga ganadera en más de un 90% a los ganados bovino y ovino extensivos.El objetivo general que quiere abordar esta investigación es cómo pueden compatibilizarse la continuidad de los aprovechamientos comerciales privados al mismo tiempo que se satisfacen las nuevas demandas del público relativas a la conservación y disfrute de los valores ambientales de los sistemas adehesados (dehesas y montados). Este objetivo genérico es investigado a través de cuatro objetivos específicos: (a) aplicación de un nuevo sistema de cuentas agroforestales; (b) descripción de la gestión productiva de cuatro subsistemas adehesados (pasto-encinar, pasto-alcornocal, pasto-alcornocal/forestal y pasto desarbolado); (c) análisis económico de los efectos del mercado y de la intervención pública en relación a la rentabilidad y la conservación de los recursos naturales de los sistemas adehesados; y (d) análisis de los efectos de la gestión productiva de los sistemas adehesados sobre una selección de sus valores ambientales de flora y fauna más característicos.La importancia superficial y la notable diversidad de los valores comerciales y ambientales de los sistemas adehesados ibéricos no les han hecho acreedores a ser objeto de investigaciones económicas continuadas, excepto los estudios puntuales realizados con anterioridad a este proyecto de tres de los investigadores participantes. El carácter pionero de esta investigación añade un interés adicional a los derivados de sus objetivos específicos.Peer reviewe

Rate and duration of hospitalisation for acute pulmonary embolism in the real-world clinical practice of different countries : Analysis from the RIETE registry

publishersversionPeer reviewe

Alteraciones morfológico-funcionales en la isquemia aguda de la arteria mesentérica superior : efecto de la fructosa 1-6 difosfato : estudio experimental en conejos

Tesis Univ. Complutense de MadridDepto. de CirugíaFac. de MedicinaTRUEpu

In vivo production of recombinant proteins using occluded recombinant AcMNPV-derived baculovirus vectors

Trichoplusia ni insect larvae infected with vectors derived from the Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV), are an excellent alternative to insect cells cultured in conventional bioreactors to produce recombinant proteins because productivity and cost-efficiency reasons. However, there is still a lot of work to do to reduce the manual procedures commonly required in this production platform that limit its scalability. To increase the scalability of this platform technology, a current bottleneck to be circumvented in the future is the need of injection for the inoculation of larvae with polyhedrin negative baculovirus vectors (Polh-) because of the lack of oral infectivity of these viruses, which are commonly used for production in insect cell cultures. In this work we have developed a straightforward alternative to obtain orally infective vectors derived from AcMNPV and expressing recombinant proteins that can be administered to the insect larvae (Trichoplusia ni) by feeding, formulated in the insect diet. The approach developed was based on the use of a recombinant polyhedrin protein expressed by a recombinant vector (Polh+), able to co-occlude any recombinant Polh- baculovirus vector expressing a recombinant protein. A second alternative was developed by the generation of a dual vector co-expressing the recombinant polyhedrin protein and the foreign gene of interest to obtain the occluded viruses. Additionally, by the incorporation of a reporter gene into the helper Polh+ vector, it was possible the follow-up visualization of the co-occluded viruses infection in insect larvae and will help to homogenize infection conditions. By using these methodologies, the production of recombinant proteins in per os infected larvae, without manual infection procedures, was very similar in yield to that obtained by manual injection of recombinant Polh- AcMNPV-based vectors expressing the same proteins. However, further analyses will be required for a detailed comparison of production yields reached by injection vs oral infections for different recombinant proteins. In conclusion, these results open the possibility of future industrial scaling-up production of recombinant proteins in insect larvae by reducing manual operations. © 2017 Elsevier B.V

Perfil del peso corporal en la isquemia mesentérica aguda: Estudio experimental en conejos Nueva Zelanda Body weight profile in acute mesenteric ischemia: Experimental study in New-Zealand rabbits

Introducción y objetivos: Hay pocos trabajos de investigación que relacionen la isquemia mesentérica aguda y el peso corporal en la experimentación animal. Se pretende estudiar, si la pérdida de peso inicial, está relacionada con la magnitud de la agresión provocada por los clampajes de la arteria mesentérica superior durante 30 y 60 minutos, y si la isquemia reperfusión puede dificultar la recuperación ponderal del peso en los animales supervivientes, al final de las 11 semanas del trabajo experimental con conejos Nueva Zelanda, mediante un modelo experimental válido. Material y método: Se distribuyeron 80 animales (conejos) en cuatro series de 20: serie I (control), los animales fueron pesados durante 11 semanas; serie II (operación simulada), serie III (isquemia mesentérica 30 minutos) y serie IV (isquemia mesentérica 60 minutos). Provocamos la isquemia por pinzamiento de la arteria mesentérica superior. Los animales de las series II, III y IV fueron pesados 24 horas antes del procedimiento quirúrgico y semanalmente en el postoperatorio durante su supervivencia hasta completar 11 semanas. Para el análisis de los pesos, se aplicó un ANOVA enfrentando la variación del peso porcentual en función de la serie. Todos los animales fueron necropsiados para conocer la causa del fallecimiento y las lesiones histológicas de la mucosa intestinal Resultados: La serie control tuvo un incremento lineal del peso hasta el final del período de observación. Las series II, III y IV sufrieron un descenso proceinicial significativo del peso porcentual en la primera semana del postoperatorio, con una recuperación al final del estudio, pero significativamente menor con respecto a la serie control. También se han encontrado diferencias significativas en la recuperación del peso a las 11 semanas entre la serie II y las series III y IV, y entre las series isquémicas entre sí. Conclusiones: Los animales de las series II, III, y IV alcanzaron al final del estudio un peso porcentual significativamente inferior que el alcanzado por la serie I. En los procesos de isquemia reperfusión mesentérica experimental animal, la pérdida de peso porcentual inicial en el postoperatorio, está influenciada no sólo por el tiempo de isquemia, sino por las manipulaciones pre y postoperatorias; en cambio, la pérdida de peso al final del estudio es más acentuada, cuanto mayor es el tiempo de isquemia.Introduction and objectives: There are few investigation studies that relate acute mesenteric ischemia and body weight in animal experimentation. The aim is to studying whether initial weight loss is related to the magnitude of the aggression induced by clamps of the superior mesenteric artery for 30 and 60 minutes, and whether reperfusion ischemia may hinder weight recovery in surviving animals at the end of 11 weeks of experimental work with New Zealand rabbits through a valid experimental model. Materials and method: 80 animals (rabbits) were distributed in four series of 20 each one: series I (control), animals were weighed for 11 weeks; series II (simulated surgery); series III (mesenteric ischemia for 30 minutes); series IV (mesenteric ischemia for 60 minutes). We induced ischemia by clamping the superior mesenteric artery. Animals from series II, III, and IV were weighed 24 hours before the surgical procedure and weekly after surgery along their survival, until completing 11 weeks. For weight analysis, an ANOVA test was used by confronting the percentage weight variation according to the series. All animals were necropsied to know the cause of death and histological lesions of the intestinal mucosa. Results: Series I had a linear weight increase until the end of the observation period. Series II, III and IV had a significant initial decrease of the percentage weight during the first post-surgical week, with a recovery towards the end of the study, but significantly lower as compared to the control series. Significant differences have also been found in weight recovery at 11 weeks between series II and series III and IV, and between ischemic series. Conclusions: Animals in series II, III, and IV reached at the end of the study a percentage weight significantly lower to that obtained by series I. In the experimental animal mesenteric ischemia-reperfusion processes, the initial percentage weight loss in the postsurgical period is influenced not only by ischemia time but also by pre-and postsurgical manipulations; by contrast, the longer ischemia time is, the greater weight loss at the end of the study will be

Competition is the mechanism of biocontrol of brown rot in stone fruit by Penicillium frequentans

The mechanism of biocontrol of brown rot in stone fruit by Penicillium frequentans Westling (Pf909) was investigated using in vitro and in vivo growth assays and a benomyl-resistant strain of Monilinia fructicola (G Winter) Honey (Mf3C). For the in vitro assays, Pf909 and Mf3C conidia were suspended in Czapek-Dox broth, which was amended or not amended with a skin extract of mature peaches. The growth and germination of Pf909 and Mf3C conidia were determined by counting the number of colony-forming units on potato dextrose agar plates, which were amended or not amended with 0.5 g ml−1 benomyl. In some of the assays, germinated Pf909 conidia were used before their exposure to Mf3C conidia. For the in vivo assays, healthy cherries were inoculated with Mf3C conidia before and after applying Pf909 conidia on the cherry surface and the incidence of brown rot was recorded for seven days. Since we found that Pf909 conidia compete with Mf3C conidia for space and nutrients in the different assays, we concluded that competition is the probable primary mechanism of biocontrol of Pf909. © 2017, International Organization for Biological Control (IOBC)

Improved Production Efficiency of Virus-Like Particles by the Baculovirus Expression Vector System.

Vaccines based on virus-like particles (VLPs) have proven effective in humans and animals. In this regard, the baculovirus expression vector system (BEVS) is one of the technologies of choice to generate such highly immunogenic vaccines. The extended use of these vaccines for human and animal populations is constrained because of high production costs, therefore a significant improvement in productivity is crucial to ensure their commercial viability. Here we describe the use of the previously described baculovirus expression cassette, called TB, to model the production of two VLP-forming vaccine antigens in insect cells. Capsid proteins from porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2 Cap) and from the calicivirus that causes rabbit hemorrhagic disease (RHDV VP60) were expressed in insect cells using baculoviruses genetically engineered with the TB expression cassette. Productivity was compared to that obtained using standard counterpart vectors expressing the same proteins under the control of the polyhedrin promoter. Our results demonstrate that the use of the TB expression cassette increased the production yields of these vaccine antigens by around 300% with respect to the standard vectors. The recombinant proteins produced by TB-modified vectors were fully functional, forming VLPs identical in size and shape to those generated by the standard baculoviruses, as determined by electron microscopy analysis. The use of the TB expression cassette implies a simple modification of the baculovirus vectors that significantly improves the cost efficiency of VLP-based vaccine production, thereby facilitating the commercial viability and broad application of these vaccines for human and animal health