Enfermeras hospitalarias de enlace (gestoras de casos)

En el presente trabajo vamos a exponer las actividades realizadas por las tres Enfermeras Hospitalarias de Enlace, de los Hospitales Universitarios (HHUU) Virgen del Rocío de Sevilla, desde noviembre de 2005 hasta junio de 2006. La figura de la Enfermera Hospitalaria de Enlace como gestora de casos, se desarrolla por el Servicio Andaluz de Salud, para promover una asistencia sanitaria de alta calidad y coste-efectiva en Atención Especializada, adaptándose a los cambios que está sufriendo la población

PimT, an amino acid exporter controls polyene production via secretion of the quorum sensing pimaricin-inducer PI-factor in Streptomyces natalensis

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Polyenes represent a major class of antifungal agents characterised by the presence of a series of conjugated double bonds in their planar hydroxylated macrolide ring structure. Despite their general interest, very little is known about the factors that modulate their biosynthesis. Among these factors, we have recently discovered a new inducing compound (PI-factor) in the pimaricin producer <it>Streptomyces natalensis</it>, which elicits polyene production in a manner characteristic of quorum sensing. Here, we describe the involvement of an amino-acid exporter from <it>S. natalensis </it>in modulating the expression of pimaricin biosynthetic genes via secretion of the quorum-sensing pimaricin-inducer PI-factor.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Adjacent to the pimaricin gene cluster lies a member of the RhtB family of amino-acid exporters. Gene deletion and complementation experiments provided evidence for a role for PimT in the export of L-homoserine, L-serine, and L-homoserine lactone. Expression of the gene was shown to be induced by homoserine and by the quorum-sensing pimaricin-inducer PI-factor. Interestingly, the mutant displayed 65% loss of pimaricin production, and also 50% decrease in the production of PI, indicating that PimT is used as PI-factor exporter, and suggesting that the effect in antifungal production might be due to limited secretion of the inducer.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>This report describes the involvement of an amino acid exporter (encoded by <it>pimT </it>in the vicinity of the pimaricin cluster) in modulating the expression of antibiotic biosynthetic genes via secretion of the quorum-sensing pimaricin-inducer PI-factor. The discovery of the participation of amino acid exporters in a signal transduction cascade for the production of polyene macrolides is unexpected, and represents an important step forward towards understanding the regulatory network for polyene regulation. Additionally, this finding constitutes the first detailed characterization of an amino-acid exporter in an Actinomycete, and to our knowledge, the first evidence for the implication of this type of exporters in quorum sensing.</p

LA PERSONA EN EL PROCESO DE MUERTE

One of the greatest aspects that nursing usually deal with in their daily practice is the death of the person they are looking alter, and in many cases is considered as a failure of the therapeutic and care action, and so rejected due to its traumatic aspect for professionals and clients of sanitary attention. The poor study of our responsibilities when taking care of a person, defined by V. Henderson as “the help to a dignified death” makes us think about the cycle health-illness-death, to comprehend a process where nursing professionals can and have to be a fundamental help for the patient and his family. In this work we have tried to reflect on death process from philosophy and anthropology, with the aim of defusing, assume and relate our practice to this reality social and professionally rejected to help a person to die decently.Uno de los grandes aspectos con los que, a menudo, se enfrenta la enfermería en su práctica diaria es la muerte de la persona cuidada, en muchos casos, considerada como un fracaso de la acción terapéutica y cuidadora, y por lo tanto rechazada, por su aspecto traumático, tanto para los profesionales como para los clientes de la atención sanitaria. El escaso abordaje de una de nuestras responsabilidades en el cuidado de la persona, expresamente definido por V. Henderson como “la ayuda a una muerte digna” nos obliga a reflexionar sobre esta realidad ineludible del ciclo Salud-enfermedad-muerte, a fin de comprender un proceso en el que los profesionales de enfermería podemos y debemos ser una ayuda fundamental, tanto para el paciente como para su entorno familiar. En este trabajo hemos intentado reflexionar sobre el proceso de muerte desde la filosofía y antropología, con el fin de desdramatizar, asumir y entroncar en nuestra práctica esta realidad, social y profesionalmente rechazada, para poder ayudar a la persona a morir dignamente

Caprellids (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Caprellidae) from shallow waters of the Caribbean coast of Venezuela

AbstractThe caprellidean fauna of Venezuela is investigated. Twenty-seven stations in shallow waters of the states Falcón, Carabobo, Aragua, Anzoátegui, Sucre and Nueva Esparta were sampled, and the caprellids were sorted and identified. A total of 3984 specimens were identified; 12 species in eight genera are reported. Two species, Caprella penantis Leach, 1814 and Paracaprella digitimanus Quitete, 1971, are new records for Venezuelan waters. The electronic supplement to this paper includes illustrations and a key to all caprellid species known from Venezuela, as well as comments on their distribution and ecology

Emergency care for women irregular migrants who arrive in Spain by small boat: a qualitative study

Background: this study aimed to describe and understand the experiences and health needs of women irregular migrants during emergency care provision upon arrival in Spain by small boat. Methods: a qualitative study based on Gadamer’s phenomenology was used. The data collection included 13 in-depth interviews with women irregular migrants and 10 in-depth interviews with key informants. The study took place in the Spanish Red Cross’ facilities between February 2017 and April 2018. Results: two main themes emerged from the data analysis: the need for emergency care focused on women irregular migrants with the sub-themes ‘Women irregular migrants as objects of sexual exploitation’ and ‘The mother-child dyad as the axis in human trafficking’; and developing an emergency care gender policy for women irregular migrants, with the subthemes ‘Healthcare in a police-controlled setting: detecting weaknesses’ and ‘Promoting screening and safety protocols focused on women irregular migrants’. Conclusions: women irregular migrants who arrive in Spain by small boat have specific needs and healthcare problems. Due to strict safety conditions during emergency care provision, rape and human trafficking can go unnoticed. Implications: interdisciplinary care protocols and new health policies that have a gender perspective are needed to improve the emergency care provided to women irregular migrants

Un índice de sustentabilidad para la evaluación integral de los sistemas de gestión del agua y el saneamiento

En este trabajo se presenta un índice para la evaluación de la sustentabilidad de los sistemas de gestión del agua y el saneamiento. El índice, denominado ISAS (Índice de Sustentabilidad del Agua y el Saneamiento) se basa en un marco conceptual que considera que la sustentabilidad se debería ver como una combinación de aspectos territoriales, temporales y personales. Para la construcción del ISAS se seleccionaron un conjunto de indicadores de sustentabilidad que fueron definidos en función del marco conceptual adoptado. El ISAS se utilizó para evaluar la sustentabilidad del sistema de gestión del agua y el saneamiento de la ciudad de Salta, Argentina. Los indicadores fueron calculados con información de revisiones bibliográficas, cuestionarios, visitas, talleres, datos estadísticos, y análisis de muestras de agua y aguas residuales. El método fue lo suficientemente sensible como para detectar variaciones entre diferentes aspectos del sistema estudiado. Fue también relativamente independiente de la cantidad y la calidad de la información disponible. En el caso de Salta, el valor obtenido para el ISAS fue de 51 puntos en una escala de 0 a 100 cuyo umbral de aceptabilidad se estableció en 50 puntos. El cálculo del ISAS permitió identificar una serie de aspectos del sistema que requieren mejoras y optimización. Este índice puede ser una herramienta útil para evaluar y mejorar la sustentabilidad de los sistemas de gestión del agua y el saneamiento en la región.A comprehensive sustainability index for the assessment of water and sanitation management systems (WSMS) is presented. The index was based on a conceptual framework that perceives sustainability as a combination of territorial, temporal, and personal aspects. A set of sustainability indicators was selected in agreement with this framework, and the “Water and Sanitation Sustainability Index” (WASSI) was built. The WASSI was then used to assess the sustainability of the WSMS of the city of Salta, Argentina. Indicators were calculated with information gathered by several means including literature reviews, questionnaires, visits, sampling, and participatory workshops. The index was sensitive to detect variations between different aspects of the local WSMS. It was also relatively independent of the quantity and quality of the information available. In the case of Salta, the value obtained for the index was 51 points in a scale going from 0 to 100 in which the acceptability threshold was set at 50 points. The WASSI could be a useful tool to assess and improve the sustainability of regional water and sanitation management systems.Fil: Seghezzo, Lucas. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Salta. Instituto de Investigaciones en Energía no Convencional; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Salta; ArgentinaFil: Iribarnegaray, Martín Alejandro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Salta. Instituto de Investigaciones en Energía no Convencional; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Salta; ArgentinaFil: Liberal, V. I.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Salta. Instituto de Investigaciones en Energía no Convencional; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Salta; ArgentinaFil: Copa, F. R.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Salta. Instituto de Investigaciones en Energía no Convencional; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Salta; ArgentinaFil: Guerra Munizaga, M. S.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Salta. Instituto de Investigaciones en Energía no Convencional; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Salta; ArgentinaFil: León, H. E.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Salta. Instituto de Investigaciones en Energía no Convencional; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Salta; ArgentinaFil: Ruíz, C. Y.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Salta. Instituto de Investigaciones en Energía no Convencional; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Salta; Argentin

Cutting edge: Regulation of exosome secretion by the integral MAL protein in T cells

Exosomes secreted by T cells play an important role in coordinating the immune response. HIV-1 Nef hijacks the route of exosome secretion of T cells to modulate the functioning of uninfected cells. Despite the importance of the process, the protein machinery involved in exosome biogenesis is yet to be identified. In this study, we show that MAL, a tetraspanning membrane protein expressed in human T cells, is present in endosomes that travel toward the plasma membrane for exosome secretion. In the absence of MAL, the release of exosome particles and markers was greatly impaired. This effect was accompanied by protein sorting defects at multivesicular endosomes that divert the exosomal marker CD63 to autophagic vacuoles. Exosome release induced by HIV-1 Nef was also dependent on MAL expression. Therefore,MAL is a critical element of the machinery for exosome secretion andmay constitute a target for modulating exosome secretion by human T cells. The Journal of Immunology, 2015, 195: 810–814.Peer Reviewe

Response to a Salmonella Typhimurium challenge in piglets supplemented with protected sodium butyrate or Bacillus licheniformis : effects on performance, intestinal health and behavior

Salmonella spp. is one of the worldwide leading causes of food-borne illnesses for which the inclusion of probiotics or organic acids in animal feeds can be useful control methods. Experimental models are utilized to test the efficacy of strategies against pathogens, but they exhibit limitations which may preclude finding sensible evaluation parameters. The objective of this work is to evaluate the efficacy of 2 different feed additives; a Bacillus licheniformis based probiotic and a protected sodium butyrate (SB) salt, using an experimental model of salmonellosis and, second, to explore if behavior analysis can be used as a sensible evaluation tool for additives evaluation. A total of 78 piglets weaned at 24 d, 8.3 kg BW, were used. Seventy-two were placed in 3 rooms of 8 pens (3 animals/pen) with evenly distributed treatments (n = 8): CON, control group with plain diet; PRO, plain diet with 1 kg/t of Proporc (10 9 cfu of B. licheniformis /kg of feed), and BUT, plain diet with 3 kg/t of Gustor BP70 (2.1 g of partially protected SB salt/kg of feed). Remaining piglets (n = 6) were separated and used as a challenge negative control. The experiment lasted 16 d. After 1 wk of adaptation, animals were challenged with 5 × 10 8 cfu of Salmonella Typhimurium. One pig per pen was euthanized and sampled at d 4 and 8 post-inoculation (PI). There were no significant differences among treatments for ADFI, ADG, G:F, rectal temperature, fecal consistency, pH, ammonia, short-chain fatty acids and lactic acid concentrations, cytokine TNF-α, Pig-MAP acute-phase proteins and histological parameters. However, both products were equally able to reduce colonization and shedding of Salmonella (P = 0.016 for PRO and BUT vs. CON). In addition, PRO treatment had a positive effect on behavioral displays, particularly exploring (P < 0.05 vs. CON), feeding (P < 0.05 vs. CON and BUT) and other active behaviors (P < 0.05 vs. CON and BUT) in the morning period (0830 to 1030 h). In the afternoon (1400 to 1600 h), the challenge effect was most significant. Pigs were less active after the challenge (P < 0.001), with a decrease in positive contacts (P = 0.004), exploration (P < 0.001) and feeding behaviors (P < 0.001) on d 3 PI, in comparison with before the challenge. Accordingly, many lying conducts increased at d 3 PI (P < 0.05). In conclusion, both treatments had positive effects against Salmonella, and behavior analysis appears to be a sensible tool to be considered

Life history of an anticyclonic eddy

19 pages, 11 figures, 1 table, supporting information https://doi.org/10.1029/2004JC002526We use the trajectory of three buoys dragged below the surface mixed layer, together with sea surface temperature imagery, to examine the evolution of an anticyclonic warm-core eddy since its generation by the Canary Islands. Two buoys remain within the eddy during some 100 days, and the third one remains almost 200 days, while drifting southwestward up to 500 km with the mean Canary Current. The eddy merges with several younger anticyclonic and cyclonic eddies, in each occasion, suffering substantial changes. The eddy core, defined as a region with near-solid-body-type rotation and radial convergence, initially occupies the whole eddy. After interacting with another vortex the inner core markedly slows down, although it continues displaying radial convergence and relatively small radial oscillations, and an uncoupled outer ring is formed or enhanced, which revolves even more slowly and displays large radial fluctuations. The vortex extensive life is consistent with its inertially stable character and observations of radial convergence. A very simple model of vortex merging, where cylinders fuse conserving mass and angular momentum, gives fair results. The observations suggest that the eddy changes, as the result of its own slow evolution and sporadic mixing events, from a young stage, where the core retains its vorticity and occupies most of the eddy, through a mature stage, where the eddy has a reduced inner core and a slowly revolving outer ring, to a decay stage, where the vorticity maximum is substantially reducedThis work has been supported by the Spanish government through projects FRENTES (AMB95-0731), COCA (REN2000-1471-C02-02MAR), and BREDDIES (REN2001-2650/ANT) and the special action MAR1999-1489-E and by the European Union through projects CANIGO (MAS3-CT96-0060) and OASIS (EVK3-CT-2002-00073-OASIS)Peer Reviewe