Quelles compétences et littératies pour les humanités numériques ?

Un atelier qui concerne également l'identification de compétences. Question qui se pose souvent dans le cadre de projet. L'idée serait d'identifier ces compétences afin de contribuer à la définition de formations pour pouvoir disposer des personnes qui aient cette somme de compétences nécessaire pour monter des projets ambitieux. Sans doute faire un début de cartographie avec du mindmapping pour identifier des compétences clefs à développer dans les formations. L'objectif est de débattre sur les compétences et littératies nécessaires pour s'investir dans les humanités numériques. Quelles sont les compétences numériques, informatiques et intellectuelles pour y parvenir.  Faut-il faire évoluer les formations actuelles ? L'objectif est de tenter de dessiner une matrice des compétences minimales et d'envisager celles qui seront nécessaires à l'avenir pour accueillir et former les futurs chercheurs notamment en SHS.

Rate of primary refractory disease in B and T-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: correlation with long-term survival

BACKGROUND: Primary refractory disease is a main challenge in the management of non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma (NHL). This survey was performed to define the rate of refractory disease to first-line therapy in B and T-cell NHL subtypes and the long-term survival of primary refractory compared to primary responsive patients. METHODS: Medical records were reviewed of 3,106 patients who had undergone primary treatment for NHL between 1982 and 2012, at the Hematology Centers of Torino and Bergamo, Italy. Primary treatment included CHOP or CHOP-like regimens (63.2%), intensive therapy with autograft (16.9%), or other therapies (19.9%). Among B-cell NHL, 1,356 (47.8%) received first-line chemotherapy with rituximab. Refractory disease was defined as stable/progressive disease, or transient response with disease progression within six months. RESULTS: Overall, 690 (22.2%) patients showed primary refractory disease, with a higher incidence amongst T-cell compared to B-cell NHL (41.9% vs. 20.5%, respectively, p<0.001). Several other clinico-pathological factors at presentation were variably associated with refractory disease, including histological aggressive disease, unfavorable clinical presentation, Bone Marrow involvement, low lymphocyte/monocyte ration and male gender. Amongst B-cell NHL, the addition of rituximab was associated with a marked reduction of refractory disease (13.6% vs. 26.7% for non-supplemented chemotherapy, p<0.001). Overall, primary responsive patients had a median survival of 19.8 years, compared to 1.3 yr. for refractory patients. A prolonged survival was consistently observed in all primary responsive patients regardless of the histology. The long life expectancy of primary responsive patients was documented in both series managed before and after 2.000. Response to first line therapy resulted by far the most predictive factor for long-term outcome (HR for primary refractory disease: 16.52, p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Chemosensitivity to primary treatment is crucial for the long-term survival in NHL. This supports the necessity of studies aimed to early identify refractory disease and to develop different treatment strategies for responsive and refractory patients

Optical and colorimetric characterization on binary mixtures prepared with coloured and white historical pigments

The main goal of the paper is the optical and colorimetric characterization of the pigment mixtures realized with pure pigments of the principal artist's hues and white pigments through spectrophotometric analysis. This research work represents a first step in a methodology study aimed to the verify potentialities and limits of spectrophotometric techniques in the identification of pigments in mixtures. The analysis regarded the trend of Spectral Reflectance Factor (SRF%) in visible spectrum and of the derivative of SRF, d(SRF%). In particular, the analysis of d(SRF%) of the mixture in the function of achromatic pigment concentration has the aim of highlight shift of the extrema points in relation to the relative quantities of the mixture components. To this aim, painting samples were prepared in laboratory mixing the coloured pigments with achromatic ones in variable weight concentration from 10% to 90% for each of the components. This is necessary to evaluate the minimum quantities of white that could change the coloured pigments SRF% spectra. Also the analysis of colour coordinates is performed to put in evidence the L*, a*, b* trend in CIELAB 1976 space

New ESR ages for Piano San Nicola site, Gulf of Taranto, Italy

At Piano San Nicola site (Basilicata region, Southern Italy) four samples of Glycimeris sp. shells were collected from the uppermost fossiliferous stratigraphic level of one of the main Quaternary marine terraces of the Taranto Gulf, which extends across the external sector of the Southern Apennines fold-and-thrust belt, the Bradano Foredeep and the Apulian Foreland. These samples were analysed using the Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) technique, applied for the first time to this area. The obtained new chronological results provided reliable absolute ages ranging between 40.4 ±7.7 ka and 64.0 ±11.2 ka, which are in good agreement with the datings known in literature and obtained by different chronological methods as well as palaeontological inferences. The absolute ages achieved by our study represent fresh evidence supporting the chronological correlation between the marine terrace where Piano San Nicola site is located (Policoro Terrace) and the Marine Isotope Substage (MIS) 3.3

Luminescence dating of architectural ceramics from an early medieval abbey: The St Philbert Intercomparison (Loire Atlantique, France)

An experimental intercomparison was performed with brick samples from an early medieval building in the west of France, the St-Philbert-de-Grandlieu abbey. A potentially complex set of microdosimetric problems emerged from characterisation measurements, providing a robust test of the routine procedures used by each laboratory. The dating results obtained using quartz coarse grains and fine grain samples span over a large period of time, exhibiting overdispersion, and where systematic deviations appear between quartz and fine grain chronologies. Factors causing such scatter are analysed in detail, including internal radioactivity of quartz grains, millimetre-scale heterogeneity in the fabric, and the observation and modelling of fading behaviour of fine grain minerals

Metodologie archeometriche a Catania. Caratterizzazione e datazione delle ceramiche preistoriche del sito archeologico di Milena (CL)

The paper presents the results obtained applying absolute dating methodologies and mineralogical, petrographical and micropalaeontological characterization techniques on prehistoric pottery sherds varying in age from the Middle Neolithic to the Sicilian Bronze Age. All the samples cames fron archaeological area of Milena (Caltanissetta-Sicily). In particular, those of Bronze Age were found on a single site characterized by a precise stratigraphic succession. The investigation has contributed to the determination of an absolute chronology for the Milena prehistoric age, with results which are in agreement with those expected by archaeologists. Further, although not yet complete and therefore with an uncertainty subject to great improvement, it was possible to obtain datings correlated to the precise stratigraphic succession of the Bronze Age site. The characterization measurements, both qualitative and quantitative, provided complementary results for a more complete understanding of the site’s history. In fact, the petrographical and mineralogical analyses allowed not only for the identification of the principal constituents of the pottery but also the formulation of some hypotheses regarding specific manufacturing techniques of different epochs. The microfacies, obtained from the presence of fossil protozoas ($Foraminiferida$, Nannofossili and macrofauna) in the groundmass of the pottery, were also analyzed and compared with the microfauna present in the Miocene clays outcropping in the area. The characterization data allowed the identification of the type of clay presumably used in the manufacture of the pottery and also showed the presence, already assumed by archaeologists, of imported Mycenean pottery,thus supporting the date assigned to the stratum of provenance

The lymphocyte to monocyte ratio improves the IPI-risk definition of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma when rituximab is added to chemotherapy

The peripheral blood lymphocyte to monocyte ratio (LMR) at diagnosis can be clinically relevant in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). We reviewed the outcome of 1,057 DLBCL patients followed from 1984 to 2012 at four centers. LMR was analyzed as a clinical biomarker by receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and Harrell's C-statistics. Patients were characterized by a median age of 61 years, International Prognostic Index (IPI) score of >2 in 39%, and were treated with a rituximab-containing chemotherapy in 66%. LMR proved strongly predictive for survival in patients treated with rituximab-based programs, but not in those receiving chemotherapy alone. Additionally, an LMR value of 642.6 (as determined by ROC analysis) was associated with a worst performance status, a higher lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level, an advanced clinical stage, and a higher IPI score (P=0.000). In patients treated with rituximab-supplemented chemotherapy programs, an LMR value of <2.6 was found in most of the primary refractory patients (75%) which proved as the best cutoff to predict both response and survival (P=0.018). Finally, multivariate analysis and Harrell's C-statistics confirmed the IPI-independent role of LMR on survival (P=0.0000). In conclusion, LMR is a potent predictor of clinical response and survival in DLBCL treated with rituximab-containing chemotherapy