frequency and susceptibility pattern of uropathogenic enterobacteriaceae isolated from patients in algiers algeria

Introduction: The frequency of Enterobacteriaceae involved in urinary tract infections (UTI) has increased significantly since the early 1990s, particularly in at-risk facilities such as resuscitation, surgery, urology and nephrology. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial susceptibility of Enterobacteriaceae causing urinary tract infections (UTIs)at the University Hospital Centre of Benimessous in Algiers. Methodology: The study was designed as a retrospective study (between January 1st 2010 and December 31st 2012) and a prospective study (between January 1standApril 30th 2013) on 13,611 urine samples. Antimicrobial resistance phenotyping was conducted on the bacterial isolates using disk-diffusion method. Results: On 13,611 urine samples analysed, 1,790 (13.15%) fulfilled the criteria for urinary tract infection. Enterobacteriaceae were identified in 1,561 analysed samples (87%). Escherichia coli was the dominant uropathogen (66,15%) in both hospitalized and non-hospitalized patients. The other main detected Enterobacteriaceae members were Klebsiella pneumoniae (11,96%) and Proteus mirabilis (5,42%). Analysis of results showed also that women were more prone to UTI than men with sex ratio of 3.76(W/M). The susceptibilities of isolated Enterobacteriaceae to antibiotics revealed that they had acquired resistance to several classes, particularly toward β-lactams. Resistance frequencies were relatively high to ampicillin and sulfomethoxasole, while being very low to aminoglycosides and furans. Results obtained revealed also that 7% of isolates where resistant to third generation cephalosporins by production of extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL). Conclusions: The continuous monitoring of antibiotic resistance of uropathogenic Escherichia coli is crucial to guide the clinician to choose the best empiric treatment

Fault Detection and Isolation of Spacecraft Thrusters using an Extended Principal Component Analysis to Interval Data

International audienc

Spacecraft Actuator Diagnosis with Principal Component Analysis: Application to the Rendez-Vous Phase of the Mars Sample Return Mission

This paper presents a fault detection and isolation (FDI) approach in order to detect and isolate actuators (thrusters and reaction wheels) faults of an autonomous spacecraft involved in the rendez-vous phase of the Mars Sample Return (MSR) mission. The principal component analysis (PCA) has been adopted to estimate the relationships between the various variables of the process. To ensure the feasibility of the proposed FDI approach, a set of data provided by the industrial “high-fidelity” simulator of the MSR and representing the opening (resp., the rotation) rates of the spacecraft thrusters (resp., reaction wheels) has been considered. The test results demonstrate that the fault detection and isolation are successfully accomplished

VPCA-based fault diagnosis of spacecraft reaction wheels

International audienc

Fault diagnosis of spacecraft reaction wheels based on principal component analysis

International audienc

Prospective randomized trial comparing endovenous laser ablation and surgery for treatment of primary great saphenous varicose veins with a 2-year follow-up

BACKGROUND: Endovenous laser therapy (EVLT) for ablation of the great saphenous vein (GSV) is thought to minimize postoperative morbidity compared with high ligation and stripping (HL/S). Only a few randomized trials have reported early results. This prospective randomized trial compared EVLT (980 nm) and HL/S results at 1 and 2 years after the intervention. METHOD: Patients with symptomatic varicose veins due to GSV insufficiency were randomized to HL/S (100 limbs) or EVLT (104 limbs). Four EVLT procedures failed primarily and were excluded. Phlebectomy and ligature of incompetent perforators were performed whenever indicated in both groups. Patients were re-examined clinically and by duplex ultrasound imaging preoperatively and at 12 days and at 1 and 2 years after treatment. Closure rate, complication rate, time to return to normal activity, the Aberdeen Varicose Vein Symptom Severity Score (AVVSS), the Varicose Venous Clinical Severity Score (VVCSS), and the Medical Outcome Study Short Form-36 scores were also recorded. RESULTS: There were no differences in patient demographics, CEAP class, Widmer class, or severity scores between the groups. Simultaneous interventions did not differ between the groups. Similar times for the return to normal activity and scores for postoperative pain were reported. No major complications after treatment were recorded. HL/S limbs had significantly more postoperative hematomas than EVLT limbs, and EVLT patients reported more bruising. Follow-up at 1 year was 100% for HL/S and 99% for EVLT. Two GSVs in the EVLT group reopened and three partially reopened. No open GSVs occurred in HL/S limbs. Ninety-eight percent of the limbs in both groups were free of symptoms. VCSS, AVVSS, and Short Form-36 scores did not reveal any group differences. At 2 years, no differences compared with 1-year results were observed, except that two more GSVs in the EVLT group were partially reopened. CONCLUSIONS: Abolition of GSV reflux and improvement in quality of life was similar after HL/S and EVLT. After EVLT, however, two GSVs were found completely reopened and five were partially reopened, which was significantly higher than after HL/S. A prolonged follow-up is ongoing