Joint Optimization of DNN Inference Delay and Energy under Accuracy Constraints for AR Applications

The high computational complexity and high energy consumption of artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms hinder their application in augmented reality (AR) systems. This paper considers the scene of completing video-based AI inference tasks in the mobile edge computing (MEC) system. We use multiply-and-accumulate operations (MACs) for problem analysis and optimize delay and energy consumption under accuracy constraints. To solve this problem, we first assume that offloading policy is known and decouple the problem into two subproblems. After solving these two subproblems, we propose an iterative-based scheduling algorithm to obtain the optimal offloading policy. We also experimentally discuss the relationship between delay, energy consumption, and inference accuracy.Comment: 6 pages, 7 figures, accepted by Globecom202

Synthesis of Alkyl Substituted Dicyclohexano-18-crown-6 Homologues for Strontium Extraction in HNO3 Media

AbstractA series of dicyclohexano-18-crown-6 (DCH18C6) homologues containing different alkyl substituents were synthesized for a comparative study of the extraction ability towards strontium. The synthesis and the structure characterization of the intermediates and the products were detailed. The crown ether homologues were labeled as CX-DCH18C6 (X=3∼7), where the X represents the number of the carbon atoms in the alkyl substituents. The extraction ability of the CX-DCH18C6 samples towards strontium in solvent extraction system was investigated. The substituent effect of the samples was discussed, and the factors affecting the separation such as solvent, acidity and initial metal concentration were examined

Nitrogen-doped micropores binder-free carbon-sulphur composites as the cathode for long-life lithium-sulphur batteries

Nitrogen-doped micropores-contained carbon nanofibres (NMCNFs) were prepared by carbonizing ZIF-8 grown in liquid-phase along with electrospinning. When NMCNFs act as sulphur host materials in lithium–sulphur batteries, NMCNFs can retard the shuttle effect and dissolution of polysulfides through the synergic action of effective physical confinement to micropores and nitrogen surface chemical absorption. NMCNFs show a capacity up to 636 mAh g−1 after 500 cycles against Li anode

The Histone Demethylases Jhdm1a/1b Enhance Somatic Cell Reprogramming in a Vitamin-C-Dependent Manner

SummaryReprogramming of somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) resets the epigenome to an embryonic-like state. Vitamin C enhances the reprogramming process, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Here we show that the histone demethylases Jhdm1a/1b are key effectors of somatic cell reprogramming downstream of vitamin C. We first observed that vitamin C induces H3K36me2/3 demethylation in mouse embryonic fibroblasts in culture and during reprogramming. We then identified Jhdm1a/1b, two known vitamin-C-dependent H3K36 demethylases, as potent regulators of reprogramming through gain- and loss-of-function approaches. Furthermore, we found that Jhdm1b accelerates cell cycle progression and suppresses cell senescence during reprogramming by repressing the Ink4/Arf locus. Jhdm1b also cooperates with Oct4 to activate the microRNA cluster 302/367, an integral component of the pluripotency machinery. Our results therefore reveal a role for H3K36me2/3 in cell fate determination and establish a link between histone demethylases and vitamin-C-induced reprogramming

OP9-Lhx2 stromal cells facilitate derivation of hematopoietic progenitors both in vitro and in vivo

AbstractGenerating engraftable hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) from pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) is an ideal approach for obtaining induced HSCs for cell therapy. However, the path from PSCs to robustly induced HSCs (iHSCs) in vitro remains elusive. We hypothesize that the modification of hematopoietic niche cells by transcription factors facilitates the derivation of induced HSCs from PSCs. The Lhx2 transcription factor is expressed in fetal liver stromal cells but not in fetal blood cells. Knocking out Lhx2 leads to a fetal hematopoietic defect in a cell non-autonomous role. In this study, we demonstrate that the ectopic expression of Lhx2 in OP9 cells (OP9-Lhx2) accelerates the hematopoietic differentiation of PSCs. OP9-Lhx2 significantly increased the yields of hematopoietic progenitor cells via co-culture with PSCs in vitro. Interestingly, the co-injection of OP9-Lhx2 and PSCs into immune deficient mice also increased the proportion of hematopoietic progenitors via the formation of teratomas. The transplantation of phenotypic HSCs from OP9-Lhx2 teratomas but not from the OP9 control supported a transient repopulating capability. The upregulation of Apln gene by Lhx2 is correlated to the hematopoietic commitment property of OP9-Lhx2. Furthermore, the enforced expression of Apln in OP9 cells significantly increased the hematopoietic differentiation of PSCs. These results indicate that OP9-Lhx2 is a good cell line for regeneration of hematopoietic progenitors both in vitro and in vivo

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The performance of zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) for CO₂ capture under three different conditions (wetted ZIF-8, ZIF-8/water slurry, and ZIF-8/water–glycol slurry) was systemically investigated. This investigation included the study of the pore structure stability of ZIF-8 by using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and Raman detection technologies. Our results show that the CO₂ adsorption ability of ZIF-8 could be substantially increased under the existence of liquid water. However, the structure characterization of the recovered ZIF-8 showed an irreversible change of its framework, which occurs during the CO₂ capture process. It was found that there is an irreversible chemical reaction among ZIF-8, water, and CO₂, which creates both zinc carbonate (or zinc carbonate hydroxides) and single 2-methylimidazole crystals, and therefore the pore structure of ZIF-8 collapses. It is suggested therefore that care must be taken when using ZIF-8 or products containing ZIF-8 for gas capture, gas separation, or other applications where both water and acid gases coexist

Stem Cells for Huntington's Disease (SC4HD): An International Consortium to Facilitate Stem Cell-Based Therapy for Huntington's Disease

Huntington's disease (HD) research is entering an exciting phase, with new approaches such as huntingtin lowering strategies and cell therapies on the horizon. Technological advances to direct the differentiation of stem cells to desired neural types have opened new strategies for restoring damaged neuronal circuits in HD. However, challenges remain in the implementation of cell therapy approaches for patients suffering from HD. Cell therapies, together with other invasive approaches including allele specific oligonucleotides (ASOs) and viral delivery of huntingtin-lowering agents, require direct delivery of the therapeutic agents locally into the brain or cerebrospinal fluid. Delivering substances directly into the brain is complex and presents multiple challenges, including those related to regulatory requirements, safety and efficacy, surgical instrumentation, trial design, patient profiles, and selection of suitable and sensitive primary and secondary outcomes. In addition, production of clinical grade cell-based medicinal products also requires adherence to regulatory standards with extensive quality control of the protocols and cell products across different laboratories and production centers. Currently, there is no consensus on how best to address these challenges. Here we describe the formation of Stem Cells For Huntington's Disease (SC4HD: https://www.sc4hd.org/), a network of researchers and clinicians working to develop guidance and greater standardization for the HD field for stem cell based transplantation therapy for HD with a mission to work to develop criteria and guidance for development of a neural intra-cerebral stem cell-based therapy for HD