2,144 research outputs found
Quantum search by parallel eigenvalue adiabatic passage
We propose a strategy to achieve the Grover search algorithm by adiabatic
passage in a very efficient way. An adiabatic process can be characterized by
the instantaneous eigenvalues of the pertaining Hamiltonian, some of which form
a gap. The key to the efficiency is based on the use of parallel eigenvalues.
This allows us to obtain non-adiabatic losses which are exponentially small,
independently of the number of items in the database in which the search is
performed.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figure
Fast and robust population transfer in two-level quantum systems with dephasing noise and/or systematic frequency errors
We design, by invariant-based inverse engineering, driving fields that invert
the population of a two-level atom in a given time, robustly with respect to
dephasing noise and/or systematic frequency shifts. Without imposing
constraints, optimal protocols are insensitive to the perturbations but need an
infinite energy. For a constrained value of the Rabi frequency, a flat
pulse is the least sensitive protocol to phase noise but not to systematic
frequency shifts, for which we describe and optimize a family of protocols.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figure
Atom-photon, atom-atom and photon-photon entanglement preparation via fractional adiabatic passage
We propose a relatively robust scheme to generate maximally entangled states
of (i) an atom and a cavity photon, (ii) two atoms in their ground states, and
(iii) two photons in two spatially separate high-Q cavities. It is based on the
interaction via fractional adiabatic passage of a three-level atom traveling
through a cavity mode and a laser beam. The presence of optical phases is
emphasized.Comment: 6 pages, 7 figures. We have changed the title, the abstract and the
text. The references have been updated. (Accepted by Phys. Rev. A
Added value of bleach sedimentation microscopy for diagnosis of tuberculosis: a cost-effectiveness study.
SETTING: Bleach sedimentation is a method used to increase the diagnostic yield of sputum microscopy for countries with a high prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and limited resources. OBJECTIVES: To compare the relative cost-effectiveness of different microscopy approaches in diagnosing tuberculosis (TB) in Kenya. METHODS: An analytical decision tree model including cost and effectiveness measures of 10 combinations of direct (D) and overnight bleach (B) sedimentation microscopy was constructed. Data were drawn from the evaluation of the bleach sedimentation method on two specimens (first on the spot [1] and second morning [2]) from 644 TB suspects in a peripheral health clinic. Incremental cost per smear-positive detected case was measured. Costs included human resources and materials using a micro-costing evaluation. RESULTS: All bleach-based microscopy approaches detected significantly more cases (between 23.3% for B1 and 25.9% for B1+B2) than the conventional D1+D2 approach (21.0%). Cost per tested case ranged between respectively euro 2.7 and euro 4.5 for B1 and B1+D2+B2. B1 and B1+B2 were the most cost-effective approaches. D1+B2 and D1+B1 were good alternatives to avoid using approaches exclusively based on bleach sedimentation microscopy. CONCLUSIONS: Among several effective microscopy approaches used, including sodium hypochlorite sedimentation, only some resulted in a limited increase in the laboratory workload and would be most suitable for programmatic implementation
Strong Coupling Theory of Two Level Atoms in Periodic Fields
We present a new convergent strong coupling expansion for two-level atoms in
external periodic fields, free of secular terms. As a first application, we
show that the coherent destruction of tunnelling is a third-order effect. We
also present an exact treatment of the high-frequency region, and compare it
with the theory of averaging. The qualitative frequency spectrum of the
transition probability amplitude contains an effective Rabi frequency.Comment: 4 pages with 3 figure
Escherichia coli induces bovine neutrophil cell death independent from caspase-3/-7/-1, but with phosphatidylserine exposure prior to membrane rupture
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