The relationship between postural stability and physical activities

SOUHRN V práci "Vztah mezi posturální stabilitou a pohybovými aktivitami" jsme se zaměřili na zjišťování úrovně posturální stability a možnosti jejího ovlivňování vhodnými prostředky pohybové intervence u osob se zvýšenou pohybovou aktivitou a osob se zdravotním omezením. Osoby se zvýšenou pohybovou aktivitou byly hráči a hráčky vrcholových soutěží v jednotlivých sportech (fotbal, házená, volejbal, golf) a osoby se zdravotním omezením byly pacienti trpící onemocněními, která mají negativní dopad na posturální stabilitu (ataxie Friedrichova, Autosomálně dominantní spinocerebelární ataxie, Charlot-Marie-Tooth). Vzpřímené držení těla ve stoji i pohybu je základním předpokladem lidské bipedální lokomoce. Posturální stabilita je schopnost udržování vzpřímeného držení těla, kterou řadíme pod motorické a koordinační schopnosti a svým významem je blízká rovnovážným schopnostem. Udržování vzpřímeného držení těla je zajišťováno svalovou aktivitou, která je řízena centrální nervovou soustavou na základě informací z vnitřního a vnějšího prostředí. Kontrola posturální stability je primárním předpokladem úspěšného pohybu a jako takovou ji lze rozvíjet na základě vhodných pohybových aktivit. Naopak dobře známý je fakt, že některá onemocnění negativně ovlivňují posturální stabilitu a to jak statickou, tak i dynamickou, což...In the study "The relationship between postural stability and physical activities", we focused on determining the level of postural stability and the possibility of influencing by appropriate means of exercise intervention in people with increased physical activity and persons with physical limitations. Persons with increased physical activity were top players and players competing in various sports (football, handball, volleyball, golf) and those with physical limitations, patients suffering from diseases that have a negative impact on postural stability (Friedrich's ataxia, autosomal dominant spinocerebellar ataxia, Charlot-Marie- Tooth). Upright posture in stance and movement is a fundamental prerequisite for human bipedal locomotion. Postural stability is the ability to maintain an upright posture, which advises the motor and coordination skills, and its meaning is close to equilibrium abilities. Maintaining an upright posture is ensured by muscle activity, which is controlled by the central nervous system based on information from internal and external environment. Control of postural stability is the primary prerequisite for successful movement and as such it can be developed on the basis of appropriate physical activities. All methods of measuring static and dynamic postural stability can be...Laboratoř sportovní motorikyFakulta tělesné výchovy a sportuFaculty of Physical Education and Spor

Rotation Of An Upper Body During The Golf Swing With Elite Players

Při golfovém švihu se zapojují všechny tělní segmenty a je tak považován za jeden z nejkomplexnějších pohybů ve sportu. Cílem studie bylo určit u zvolených kinematických parametrů pohybu pánve a segmentů horní části těla (rotace ramen, rotace boků, X-faktor, natažení X-faktoru), které ovlivňují rychlost hlavy hole při kontaktu s míčkem u elitních hráčů golfu. Pro utvoření modelu horní části těla bylo použito šest aktivních bodů a jejich poloha v průběhu měření byla snímána 3D kinematickým analyzátorem CODA Motion System. Pro určení stability provedení byl použit variační koeficient a pro statistické hodnocení vztahu mezi kinematickými a časovými parametry a rychlosti hlavy hole při kontaktu s míčkem byl použit Pearsonův korelační koeficient. Byla zjištěna vysoká interindividuální stabilita provedení, především u parametrů maximální rotace ramen v nápřahu a rychlost hlavy hole v okamžiku kontaktu s míčem. Při vztahové analýze mezi rychlostí hlavy hole v okamžiku kontaktu s míčkem a sledovanými kinematickými parametry pohybu horní části těla byl nalezen vysoký vztah pouze s parametrem natažení X-faktoru.The golf swing is considered as one of the most complex of sports motions. The aim of this study was to determine the selected kinematic parameters of movement of pelvic and upper body motion (shoulder rotation, hip rotation, X-Factor, stretch X-Factor) that affect the club head speed at ball contact in elite golfers. To build the upper body segment model spots were used and their position measured using a 3D kinematic analyser CODA Motion System. To determine the interindividual stability of performance the coefficient of variation was used and for statistical analysis of the relationship between kinematic and temporal parameters and the club head speed at ball contact the Pearson's correlation coefficient was used. We found a high interindividual stability in maximized shoulders rotation and club head speed at ball contact parameters. When analysing the relationship between the club head speed at ball contact and the observed kinematic parameters of the movement of the upper body only a high relationship with the stretch X-factor parameter was found

GOLF SWING VARIABILITY IN ELITE FEMALE JUNIOR GOLFERS

The aim of the study was to determine the variability of golf swing execution in lower and upper body parameters for two golf clubs. Eleven elite female golfers of junior age volunteered in the study and performed 10 trials with mid-iron and with driver at laboratory conditions. A 3D motion capture system was used to measure the lower and upper body movement parameters and club head speed. To assess variability, the coefficient of variation (CV%) and biological coefficient of variation (BCV%) were calculated. Two-tailed t test was used to identify differences between mid-iron and driver variability for each selected kinematic parameter. Any significant difference in variability of kinematics parameters was found between mid-iron club and driver club. However, for both clubs, we found high stability of performance in timing parameters and of lower limbs kinematic parameters at three selected moments of the golf swing. We conclude that timing stability may be the key to achieve the effective and repeatable golf swing in both golf clubs types and that high intra-individual variability of performance may be due to large age range in the study group

The importance of Arctic driftwood for interdisciplinary global change research (Short Communication / Methodological note)

The Arctic is one of the regions most sensitive to global warming, for which climate and environmental proxy archives are largely insufficient. Arctic driftwood provides a unique resource for research into the circumpolar entanglements of terrestrial, coastal and marine factors and processes – past, present, future. Here, first dendrochronological and wood anatomical insights into 639 Arctic driftwood samples are presented. Samples were collected across northern Norway (n =430) and north-western Iceland (n =209) in 2022. The overall potentials and limitations of Arctic driftwood to improve tree-ring chronologies from the boreal forest, and to reconstruct changes in sea ice extent and ocean current dynamics are discussed. Finally, the role driftwood has possibly played for Arctic settlements in the past hundreds of years is examined

Influence of submerged entry nozzle on intermixed zone in round blooms with a diameter of 525 mm

This work compares the experimental results of nickel concentration measurements in the intermixed zone of the continuously cast round blooms with a diameter of 525 mm using two types of submerged entry nozzles (SEN) - a straight-through nozzle and one with 5-ports. Based on determination of the system and optical interface in the blooms a detailed study of concentration profiles on the bloom surface in a small radius area, on the right side and then also on a cross-section of the blooms, was carried out. The results were further analysed using approximation models, and were to be used to verify the proposed model for predicting intermixed zones for a continuous casting machine, developed based on the results of physical and numerical modelling.Web of Science58119118

The relationship between postural stability and physical activities

In the study "The relationship between postural stability and physical activities", we focused on determining the level of postural stability and the possibility of influencing by appropriate means of exercise intervention in people with increased physical activity and persons with physical limitations. Persons with increased physical activity were top players and players competing in various sports (football, handball, volleyball, golf) and those with physical limitations, patients suffering from diseases that have a negative impact on postural stability (Friedrich's ataxia, autosomal dominant spinocerebellar ataxia, Charlot-Marie- Tooth). Upright posture in stance and movement is a fundamental prerequisite for human bipedal locomotion. Postural stability is the ability to maintain an upright posture, which advises the motor and coordination skills, and its meaning is close to equilibrium abilities. Maintaining an upright posture is ensured by muscle activity, which is controlled by the central nervous system based on information from internal and external environment. Control of postural stability is the primary prerequisite for successful movement and as such it can be developed on the basis of appropriate physical activities. All methods of measuring static and dynamic postural stability can be..

The relationship between postural stability and physical activities

In the study "The relationship between postural stability and physical activities", we focused on determining the level of postural stability and the possibility of influencing by appropriate means of exercise intervention in people with increased physical activity and persons with physical limitations. Persons with increased physical activity were top players and players competing in various sports (football, handball, volleyball, golf) and those with physical limitations, patients suffering from diseases that have a negative impact on postural stability (Friedrich's ataxia, autosomal dominant spinocerebellar ataxia, Charlot-Marie- Tooth). Upright posture in stance and movement is a fundamental prerequisite for human bipedal locomotion. Postural stability is the ability to maintain an upright posture, which advises the motor and coordination skills, and its meaning is close to equilibrium abilities. Maintaining an upright posture is ensured by muscle activity, which is controlled by the central nervous system based on information from internal and external environment. Control of postural stability is the primary prerequisite for successful movement and as such it can be developed on the basis of appropriate physical activities. All methods of measuring static and dynamic postural stability can be..

The relationship between postural stability and physical activities

In the study "The relationship between postural stability and physical activities", we focused on determining the level of postural stability and the possibility of influencing by appropriate means of exercise intervention in people with increased physical activity and persons with physical limitations. Persons with increased physical activity were top players and players competing in various sports (football, handball, volleyball, golf) and those with physical limitations, patients suffering from diseases that have a negative impact on postural stability (Friedrich's ataxia, autosomal dominant spinocerebellar ataxia, Charlot-Marie- Tooth). Upright posture in stance and movement is a fundamental prerequisite for human bipedal locomotion. Postural stability is the ability to maintain an upright posture, which advises the motor and coordination skills, and its meaning is close to equilibrium abilities. Maintaining an upright posture is ensured by muscle activity, which is controlled by the central nervous system based on information from internal and external environment. Control of postural stability is the primary prerequisite for successful movement and as such it can be developed on the basis of appropriate physical activities. All methods of measuring static and dynamic postural stability can be..

Kinematics and inverse dynamics of specific golf's type swing

Tide Kinematics and inverse dynamics of specific golť s type swing Aim of Assesssment Relation between golf swing period and weight transfer in real movement and alignment with golf swing theory. Method Thoretical part compiled by literature search of read over expertly literature. Inverse dynamics was gauge by synchronizated gravity pressure planks KISTLER and kinematics movement of choosen points extecuted by CODA Motion system. Results For the choosen body position and time phazes were specify critical sites and movement phazes. Objectification ofthe measurement demonstrated high level ofagreement with golf swing theory and that top elite players has high level of interindividual stability in movement. execution. KeyWords Golf, golf swing, kinematics, weight transfer