Role of membrane lipids in the regulation of erythrocytic oxygen-transport function in cardiovascular diseases

The composition and condition of membrane lipids, the morphology of erythrocytes, and hemoglobin distribution were explored with the help of laser interference microscopy (LIM) and Raman spectroscopy. It is shown that patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) have significant changes in the composition of their phospholipids and the fatty acids of membrane lipids. Furthermore, the microviscosity of the membranes and morphology of the erythrocytes are altered causing disordered oxygen transport by hemoglobin. Basic therapy carried out with the use of antiaggregants, statins, antianginals, beta-blockers, and calcium antagonists does not help to recover themorphofunctional properties of erythrocytes. Based on the results the authors assume that, for the relief of the ischemic crisis and further therapeutic treatment, it is necessary to include, in addition to cardiovascular disease medicines, medication that increases the ability of erythrocytes’ hemoglobin to transport oxygen to the tissues. We assume that the use of LIM and Raman spectroscopy is advisable for early diagnosis of changes in the structure and functional state of erythrocytes when cardiovascular diseases develop

Adsorpcja kolektorów IM-50 i TOFA na kasyterycie w procesie flotacji odpadów siarczków cyny

The paper presents the results of experimental study of the adsorption characteristic of the IM-50 and tall oil fatty acids (TOFA) collector reagents on cassiterite. UV-spectrophotometric method, scanning electron and laser microscopy were applied to analyze the adsorption of the reagents. SHIMADZU UV 1800 was used to obtain the UV spectra of aqueous solutions of IM-50 reagents and saponified TOFA at varied concentrations. IM-50 has not got characteristic adsorption maxima in ultraviolet and visible spectrum. TOFA has a weakly pronounced maximum absorption in the range of 233-244 nm. Microscopic photographs of cassiterite sections were obtained with LEO 1420VP INCA equipped OXFORD ENERGY 350 analyzer. Reagent IM-50 and TOFA collector reagent, Newly formed organic matter phases of IM-50 and TOFA were detected. X-ray spectra characterized the increased carbon content indicating adsorption on the surface of cassiterite IM-5- and TOFA. By measuring the surface relief parameters of polished cassiterite, using KEYENCE VK-9700 scanning laser microscopy and VK-Analyzer software, a qualitative and quantitative assessment of the IM-50 and TOFA reagent layer on the cassiterite surface was performed. Measurements were performed in the several fields of view and showed the degree of IM-50 coating varied from 40.5 to 42.6% of the surface area, and TOFA average coating was 38.5%. Subsequent washing with water does not remove the reagents from the surface of the mineral and indicates a strong fixation of IM-50 and TOFA on cassiterite, which can have a positive effect on flotation extraction of sludge tin fractions. Qualitative and quantitative results of the reagent adsorption helped to make a forecast of their floatability by the studied collectors. This study is supported by the Russian Science Foundation (project No. 17-17-01292).W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań eksperymentalnych charakterystyki adsorpcji odczynników kolektorowych IM-50 i kwasów tłuszczowych oleju talowego (TOFA) na kasyterycie. Do analizy adsorpcji odczynników zastosowano metodę spektrofotometryczną UV, skaningową mikroskopię elektronową i laserową. SHIMADZU UV 1800 zastosowano do uzyskania widm UV wodnych roztworów odczynników IM-50 i zmydlonego TOFA w różnych stężeniach. IM-50 nie ma charakterystycznych maksimów adsorpcji w widmie ultrafioletowym i widzialnym. TOFA ma słabo wyraźną maksymalną absorpcję w zakresie 233–244 nm. Zdjęcia mikroskopowe przekrojów kasyterytów uzyskano za pomocą analizatora OXFORD ENERGY 350 wyposażonego w LEO 1420VP INCA. Wykryto nowo powstałe fazy materii organicznej IM-50 i TOFA. Widma rentgenowskie charakteryzowały zwiększoną zawartość węgla wskazującą na adsorpcję na powierzchni kasyterytów IM-5- i TOFA. Mierząc parametry wypukłości powierzchni polerowanego kasyterytu, stosując skaningową mikroskopię laserową KEYENCE VK-9700 i oprogramowanie VK-Analyzer, przeprowadzono jakościową i ilościową ocenę warstwy odczynnika IM-50 i TOFA na powierzchni kasyterytu. Pomiary przeprowadzono w kilku polach widzenia i stwierdzono no stopień pokrycia IM-50 wahający się od 40,5 do 42,6% pola powierzchni, a średnie pokrycie TOFA wynosiło 38,5%. Późniejsze przemycie wodą nie usuwa odczynników z powierzchni minerału i wskazuje na silne utrwalenie IM-50 i TOFA na kasyterycie, co może mieć pozytywny wpływ na ekstrakcję flotacyjną frakcji szlamu i cyny. Jakościowe i ilościowe wyniki adsorpcji odczynników pomogły w opracowaniu prognozy ich flotowalności za pomocą badanych kolektorów. Badanie jest wspierane przez Russian Science Foundation (projekt nr 17-17-01292)

Charakterystyka adsorpcji kombinowanego kolektora sulfhydrylowego na chalkopirycie i arsenopirycie w flotacji złożonych rud złota

The paper presents the results of experimental study of the adsorption properties of the combined sulfhydril collecting reagent – a mixed solution of sodium diethyl-dithiocarbamate (DEDTC) and oxypropyl diethyl-dithiocarbamate ester (OPDTC) towards chalcopyrite and arsenopyrite with a view to its application as a selective collector of Au-containing sulfide minerals in flotation of complex refractory ores. Combined diethyl-dithiocarbamate solution (DEDTCc) incorporated a fixed content of anionic and non-ionic components (DEDTC:OPDTC = 1:1) and occurred variable hydrophobic effect on the surface of the basic gold-bearing sulfide minerals – chalcopyrite and arsenopyrite. The mechanism of adsorption of the components of combined collector on the surface of chalcopyrite and arsenopyrite was identified to form characteristic molecular shape of adsorbed collector convex neoplasms and sinter chemically adsorbed film of the reactant, which is firmly anchored on the surface. The newly formed phase of the adsorbed reagent did not dissolve in water at a subsequent washing. In this case, the phase of nonionic ester OPDTC was partially removed by water and the residual adsorbed droplets changed their shape and became flatter. By X-ray microanalysis C and O bands relating to the structure of the combined DEDTCc were identified on the surface of arsenopyrite and chalcopyrite. The original technic for analyzing the liner dimension of surface images with an application of scanning laser microscopy and the software of the Analyzer was developed and the authors succeeded to provide a quantitative evaluation of the adsorption of DEDTCc on the surface of chalcopyrite and arsenopyrite.W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań eksperymentalnych właściwości adsorpcyjnych kombinowanego odczynnika zbierającego sulfhydryl – mieszanego roztworu dietyloditiokarbaminianu sodu (DEDTC) i estru oksypropylodietyloditiokarbaminianowego (OPDTC) w kierunku chalkopirytu i arsenopirytu w celu jego zastosowania selektywny kolektor minerałów siarczkowych zawie- rających Au w flotacji złożonych rud ogniotrwałych. Połączony roztwór dietylo-ditiokarbaminianu (DEDTCc) zawierał stałą zawartość składników anionowych i niejonowych (DEDTC: OPDTC = 1: 1) i zaobserwowano zmienny efekt hydrofobowy na powierzchni podstawowych minerałów siarczkowych niosących złoto - chalkopirytu i arsenopirytu. Mechanizm adsorpcji składników kombinowanego kolektora na powierzchni chalkopirytu i arsenopirytu został zidentyfikowany jako charakterystyczny skład molekularny adsorbowanego kolektora chemicznie zaadsorbowanych cząsteczek reagenta, który jest mocno zakotwiczony na powierzchni. Nowo utworzona faza zaadsorbowanego odczynnika nie rozpuszczała się w wodzie podczas kolejnego płukania. W tym przypadku faza niejonowego estru OPDTC została częściowo usunięta przez wodę, a resztkowe zaadsorbowane kropelki zmieniły swój kształt i stały się bardziej płaskie. Za pomocą mikroanalizy rentgenowskiej zidentyfikowano pasma C i O dotyczące struktury połączonego DEDTCc na powierzchni arsenopirytu i chalkopirytu. Opracowano oryginalną technikę analizy wymiaru liniowego obrazów powierzchni za pomocą skaningowej mikroskopii laserowej i oprogramowania analizatora, a autorom udało się określić ilościową ocenę adsorpcji DEDTCc na powierzchni chalkopirytu i arsenopirytu

Contemporary Research and Developments in the Low-Toxic Chelating Reagents for the Extraction of Non-Ferrous and Noble Metals from Poor Polymetallic Ores and Processing Tailings

An urgent technological, economic and environmental task of mining and metallurgical enterprises is to involve poor, off-balance and hard-to-beneficiate ores in the technological process, as well as accumulated and current waste from mining and metallurgical industries. As the reserves of developed deposits are depleted, technogenic objects may become a priority, and in some cases the only, source of mineral raw materials. Mining wastes represent a large reserve of raw materials for the extraction of non-ferrous and precious metals, and at the same time, they are centers of local or regional environmental pollution. Stale waste re-processing may promote territorial cultivation and reduce the environmental burden. The conventional methods of poor ore and waste treatment do not fully provide for a sufficient separation degree of high metal extraction, and lead to significant valuable ore losses, while the quality of the obtained concentrates often does not meet the requirements for subsequent technological process. In this regard, the development of novel chelating agents with specific functional groups that can selectively adsorb on the mineral surface, change the contrast of chemical surface composition and improve the flotation properties of mineral complexes, is an innovative solution for increasing their flotation selectivity. Furthermore, the synthesis and application of novel flotation reagents may help to replace toxic reagents by ecologically friendly or less-toxic ones

Precise ro-vibrational analysis of molecular bands forbidden in absorption: the ν8+ν10 band of the 12C2H4 molecule

The highly accurate (experimental accuracy in line positions ∼(1-2)×10-4∼(1-2)×10-4 cm−1) ro-vibrational spectrum of the ν8+ν10ν8+ν10 band of the 12C2H4 molecule was recorded for the first time with high resolution Fourier transform spectrometry and analyzed in the region of 1650–1950 cm−1 using the Hamiltonian model which takes into account Coriolis resonance interactions between the studied ν8+ν10ν8+ν10 band, which is forbidden in absorption, and the bands ν4+ν8ν4+ν8 and ν7+ν8ν7+ν8. About 1570 transitions belonging to the ν8+ν10ν8+ν10 band were assigned in the experimental spectra with the maximum values of quantum numbers Jmax.=35Jmax.=35 and View the MathML sourceKamax.=18. On that basis, a set of 38 vibrational, rotational, centrifugal distortion, and resonance interaction parameters was obtained from the fit. They reproduce values of 598 initial “experimental” ro-vibrational energy levels (positions of about 1570 experimentally recorded and assigned transitions) with the rmsrms error drms=0.00045drms=0.00045 cm−1 (drms=0.00028drms=0.00028 cm−1 when upper ro-vibrational energies obtained from blended and very weak transitions were deleted from the fit).В статье указано Kashirina, Nadezhda N

Precise ro-vibrational analysis of molecular bands forbidden in absorption: the ν8+ν10 band of the 12C2H4 molecule

The highly accurate (experimental accuracy in line positions ∼(1-2)×10-4∼(1-2)×10-4 cm−1) ro-vibrational spectrum of the ν8+ν10ν8+ν10 band of the 12C2H4 molecule was recorded for the first time with high resolution Fourier transform spectrometry and analyzed in the region of 1650–1950 cm−1 using the Hamiltonian model which takes into account Coriolis resonance interactions between the studied ν8+ν10ν8+ν10 band, which is forbidden in absorption, and the bands ν4+ν8ν4+ν8 and ν7+ν8ν7+ν8. About 1570 transitions belonging to the ν8+ν10ν8+ν10 band were assigned in the experimental spectra with the maximum values of quantum numbers Jmax.=35Jmax.=35 and View the MathML sourceKamax.=18. On that basis, a set of 38 vibrational, rotational, centrifugal distortion, and resonance interaction parameters was obtained from the fit. They reproduce values of 598 initial “experimental” ro-vibrational energy levels (positions of about 1570 experimentally recorded and assigned transitions) with the rmsrms error drms=0.00045drms=0.00045 cm−1 (drms=0.00028drms=0.00028 cm−1 when upper ro-vibrational energies obtained from blended and very weak transitions were deleted from the fit).В статье указано Kashirina, Nadezhda N

Change in morphometric and oxygen-binding properties of erythrocytes in vascular diseases patients

Change in morphometric and oxygen-binding properties of erythrocytes in vascular diseases patient

Study of the Structure, Oxygen-Transporting Functions, and Ionic Composition of Erythrocytes at Vascular Diseases

The present paper explores the role of erythrocytes in the pathogenesis of vascular diseases. The state of erythrocytes, their ionic composition and structure, and properties of erythrocytes hemoglobin were studied by using laser interference microscopy, Raman scattering spectroscopy, and capillary electrophoresis. In patients suffering from vascular disorders we identified statistically significant changes in the shape of erythrocytes, their ionic composition, and redistribution of hemoglobin throughout cells

Change in morphometric and oxygen-binding properties of erythrocytes in vascular diseases patients

Change in morphometric and oxygen-binding properties of erythrocytes in vascular diseases patient