Erich Mendelsohns Wirken als Architekt in der Sowjetunion

Gegenstand der Untersuchung ist Erich Mendelsohns Wirken in der Sowjetunion. Die Textilfabrik "Krasnoe znamja" (1925-1929), Wettbewerb für den Palast der Sowjets in Moskau (1931), das Buch von Mendelsohn "Russland - Europa - Amerika" (1929) sind drei Aspekte, auf denen diese Arbeit aufgebaut ist. Durch die Beteiligung Erich Mendelsohns am Architekturleben der Sowjetunion entstanden die Voraussetzungen für ein wichtiges Zusammenspiel zwischen den russischen und den westeuropäischen Künstlern. Das Einklinken Mendelsohns in die Geschichte der sowjetischen Architektur markiert die Entwicklung, die die sowjetische Architektur in den sechs Jahren von 1925 bis 1931 durchläuft

ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ КУЛЬТУРНО-ЭСТЕТИЧЕСКОЙ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТИ СТУДЕНТА ВУЗА КУЛЬТУРЫ И ИСКУССТВА: ФИЛОСОФСКО-МЕТОДОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ПОДХОДЫ

The article is devoted to the consideration of fundamental philosophical and methodological approaches to the process of formation of cultural and aesthetic competence of students of the University Culture and Arts. A brief description of the concept of «cultural and aesthetic competence of a student of the University of Culture and Arts» has been given; on the basis of the study of philosophical, cultural, psycho-pedagogical literature, the significance and meanings of the realization in the educational practice of the University of Culture and Arts of unity of cultural, axiological (value), polyartistic, polyestetic (expressional) approaches have been analyzed. The general results of research work on the problem of formation of cultural and aesthetic competence of students of universities of culture and art, carried out on the basis of the budget educational institution of higher education of the Chuvash Republic «Chuvash State Institute of Culture and Arts» of the Ministry of Culture, Nationalities and Archival Affairs of the Chuvash Republic, are presented.El artículo está dedicado a la consideración de enfoques filosóficos y metodológicos fundamentales para el proceso de formación de la competencia cultural y estética de los estudiantes de la Universidad de Cultura y Artes. Se ha presentado una breve descripción del concepto de «competencia cultural y estética de un estudiante de la Universidad de Cultura y Artes»; Sobre la base del estudio de la literatura filosófica, cultural, psicopedagógica, el significado y los significados de la realización en la práctica educativa de la Universidad de Cultura y Artes de la unidad cultural, axiológica (valor), poliartística, poliestetica (expresiva) Los enfoques han sido analizados. Los resultados generales del trabajo de investigación sobre el problema de la formación de la competencia cultural y estética de los estudiantes de universidades de cultura y arte, realizado sobre la base del presupuesto de la institución educativa de educación superior de la República de Chuvash «Chuvash State Institute of Culture and Arts »Del Ministerio de Cultura, Nacionalidades y Actos de Archivo de la República de Chuvash.Статья посвящена рассмотрению основополагающих философско-методологических подходов к процессу формирования культурно-эстетической компетентности студентов вуза культуры и искусства. Дана краткая характеристика понятия «культурно-эстетическая компетентность студента вуза культуры и искусства»; на основе изучения философской, культурологической, психолого-педагогической литературы проанализированы значение и смыслы реализации в образовательной практике вуза культуры и искусства единства культурологического, аксиологического (ценностного), полихудожественного, полиэстетического (выразительностного) подходов. Представлены общие результаты исследовательской работы по проблеме формирования культурно-эстетической компетентности студентов вузов культуры и искусства, проведенной на базе бюджетного образовательного учреждения высшего образования Чувашской Республики «Чувашский государственный институт культуры и искусств» Министерства культуры, по делам национальностей и архивного дела Чувашской Республики. &nbsp

Superconductivity in potassium-doped metallic polymorphs of MoS2

Superconducting layered transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) stand out among other superconductors due to the tunable nature of the superconducting transition, coexistence with other collective electronic excitations (charge density waves) and strong intrinsic spin-orbit coupling. Molybdenum disulphide (MoS2) is the most studied representative of this family of materials, especially since the recent demonstration of the possibility to tune its critical temperature, Tc, by electric-field doping. However, just one of its polymorphs, band-insulator 2H-MoS2, has so far been explored for its potential to host superconductivity. We have investigated the possibility to induce superconductivity in metallic polytypes, 1T- and 1T'-MoS2, by potassium (K) intercalation. We demonstrate that at doping levels significantly higher than that required to induce superconductivity in 2H-MoS2, both 1T and 1T' phases become superconducting, with Tc = 2.8 and 4.6K, respectively. Unusually, K intercalation in this case is responsible both for the structural and superconducting phase transitions. By adding new members to the family of superconducting TMDs our findings open the way to further manipulate and enhance the electronic properties of these technologically important materials.Comment: 13 pages, 5 figures plus 7 supplementary figures in Nano Letters, November 27, 201

Fluidity Onset in Graphene

Viscous electron fluids have emerged recently as a new paradigm of strongly-correlated electron transport in solids. Here we report on a direct observation of the transition to this long-sought-for state of matter in a high-mobility electron system in graphene. Unexpectedly, the electron flow is found to be interaction-dominated but non-hydrodynamic (quasiballistic) in a wide temperature range, showing signatures of viscous flows only at relatively high temperatures. The transition between the two regimes is characterized by a sharp maximum of negative resistance, probed in proximity to the current injector. The resistance decreases as the system goes deeper into the hydrodynamic regime. In a perfect darkness-before-daybreak manner, the interaction-dominated negative response is strongest at the transition to the quasiballistic regime. Our work provides the first demonstration of how the viscous fluid behavior emerges in an interacting electron system.Comment: 8pgs, 4fg

Magnetoresistance in Co-hBN-NiFe tunnel junctions enhanced by resonant tunneling through single defects in ultrathin hBN barriers

Hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) is a prototypical high-quality two-dimensional insulator and an ideal material to study tunneling phenomena, as it can be easily integrated in vertical van der Waals devices. For spintronic devices, its potential has been demonstrated both for efficient spin injection in lateral spin valves and as a barrier in magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs). Here we reveal the effect of point defects inevitably present in mechanically exfoliated hBN on the tunnel magnetoresistance of Co-hBN-NiFe MTJs. We observe a clear enhancement of both the conductance and magnetoresistance of the junction at well-defined bias voltages, indicating resonant tunneling through magnetic (spin-polarized) defect states. The spin polarization of the defect states is attributed to exchange coupling of a paramagnetic impurity in the few-atomic-layer thick hBN to the ferromagnetic electrodes. This is confirmed by excellent agreement with theoretical modelling. Our findings should be taken into account in analyzing tunneling processes in hBN-based magnetic devices. More generally, our study shows the potential of using atomically thin hBN barriers with defects to engineer the magnetoresistance of MTJs and to achieve spin filtering, opening the door towards exploiting the spin degree of freedom in current studies of point defects as quantum emitters

Non-invasive transmission electron microscopy of vacancy defects in graphene produced by ion irradiation

Irradiation with high-energy ions has been widely suggested as a tool to engineer properties of graphene. Experiments show that it indeed has a strong effect on its transport, magnetic and mechanical characteristics. However, to use ion irradiation as an engineering tool requires understanding of the type and detailed characteristics of the produced defects which is still lacking, as the use of high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) - the only technique allowing direct imaging of atomic-scale defects - often modifies or even creates defects during imaging, thus making it impossible to determine the intrinsic atomic structure. Here we show that encapsulating the studied graphene sample between two other (protective) graphene sheets allows non-invasive HRTEM imaging and reliable identification of atomic-scale defects. Using this simple technique, we demonstrate that proton irradiation of graphene produces reconstructed monovacancies, which explains the profound effect that such defects have on magnetic and transport properties. This finding resolves the existing uncertainty with regard to the effect of ion irradiation on the electronic structure of graphene.Comment: 18 pages, 6 figures and Supplementary Information (4 supplementary figures