10 research outputs found

    Determination of the Chemical Composition of Grape Seed Powders by Gc-ms Analysis

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    Substantiation of the expedience of using of natural antioxidants for inhibiting of oxidative and hydrolytic rancidity in confectionary industry is an urgent direction. The offered way of solving the problem is to use a fat-less grape seed powder, a product, obtained as wastes of vine-making as a source of antioxidants. For this aim, there were realized experimental studies of water-alcohol extracts (ethanol, isopropanol) by the method of gas chromatography with mass-spectroscopic detection (CG-MS) of the chemical composition of grape seed powders under industrial conditions. The obtained data allowed to establish that the studied extracts contain an essential amount of phenol compounds of the different origin: aromatic acids – gallic and egallic acids; resveratrol; flavonoids – quercetin and its derivatives, catechine, epicatechine, campferol and others alongside with esters of fatty acids. These components are strong antioxidants, and their introduction to a grape seed powder must favor inhibition of the oxidizing process of fats in fat-containing confectionary products, so increasing shelf-life of products

    DETERMINATION OF THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GRAPE SEED POWDERS BY GC-MS ANALYSIS

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    Substantiation of the expedience of using of natural antioxidants for inhibiting of oxidative and hydrolytic rancidity in confectionary industry is an urgent direction. The offered way of solving the problem is to use a fat-less grape seed powder, a product, obtained as wastes of vine-making as a source of antioxidants. For this aim, there were realized experimental studies of water-alcohol extracts (ethanol, isopropanol) by the method of gas chromatography with mass-spectroscopic detection (CG-MS) of the chemical composition of grape seed powders under industrial conditions. The obtained data allowed to establish that the studied extracts contain an essential amount of phenol compounds of the different origin: aromatic acids – gallic and egallic acids; resveratrol; flavonoids – quercetin and its derivatives, catechine, epicatechine, campferol and others alongside with esters of fatty acids. These components are strong antioxidants, and their introduction to a grape seed powder must favor inhibition of the oxidizing process of fats in fat-containing confectionary products, so increasing shelf-life of products

    Π’ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ² ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΊΡ–Π² Π· Π²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π΄Π½ΠΈΡ… кісточок Π½Π° Π·Π±Π΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ–ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΆΠΈΡ€Ρ–Π² Ρƒ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΡΡŒΠΊΡ–ΠΉ Π³Π»Π°Π·ΡƒΡ€Ρ–

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    The polyphenol composition of grape seeds powder (GSP) and defatted grape seeds flour (DGSF) in waterΒ­alcohol (ethanol, isopropanol) extracts was studied by the chromatographic method. There was established the content of antioxidants, which are present in the form of phenolic acids (gallic, ellagic), stilbenes (resveratrol) and flavonoids, first of all, flavanols (catechin, epicatechin) and flavonols (kaemferol, myricetin, quercetin and its derivative glycosides). It was shown that the total content of polyphenols reaches a maximum size of about 4.5Β % in gallic equivalent of the powder weight at the extraction of waterΒ­ethanol mixture with ethanol content of 50Β % (w/w). The effect of phenolic antioxidants on peroxide (PV) and acid (AV) values of confectionery fats of lauric and nonΒ­lauric types in the model systems was studied as the markers of the rancidity formation process. It was proved that thanks to a high content of antioxidants in grape powders, the introduction of these powders in the composition of samples significantly slows down the process of autoΒ­oxidation of fats. It was shown that grape powders as vegetable raw material are more stable in terms of catalyzing the process of fats hydrolysis in confectionery glaze. This is evidenced by the data on the activity of lipase enzyme, the magnitude of which is lower in the samples of grape seeds powders – 1.03 and 1.12Β Γ±m3/g for GSP and DGSF, respectively, compared with that of different samples of cocoa powder – 0.84 and 1.87Β Γ±m3/g. The study into changes in acid value of the samples also showed that the addition of GSP and DGSF as the source of antioxidants significantly inhibits the process of hydrolysis of fats to free fatty acids. The obtained results have a practical significance for the improvement of the process of confectionary glaze production in the direction of partial substitution of cocoa powder with grape seeds powders. This contributes to the creation of a product with a high nutritional value and which is more resistant to damage as a result of the process of oxidation and hydrolysis of fatsΠ₯роматографичСским ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ исслСдован ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ„Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ состав Π²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π΄Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΊΠΎΠ² grape seeds powder (GSP) ΠΈ defatted grape seeds flour (DGSF) Π² Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ-спиртовых (этанол, ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ») экстрактах. УстановлСно содСрТаниС антиоксидантов, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡΡƒΡ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ Ρ„Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… кислот (галловая, эллаговая), стилбСнов (рСсвСратрол) ΠΈ Ρ„Π»Π°Π²ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ², ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅ всСго, Ρ„Π»Π°Π²Π°Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ² (ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…ΠΈΠ½, эпикатСхин) ΠΈ Ρ„Π»Π°Π²ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ² (ΠΊΠ΅ΠΌΡ„Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ», ΠΌΠΈΡ€ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ½, ΠΊΠ²Π΅Ρ€Ρ†Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠ½ ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π³Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠ΄Ρ‹). Показано, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π΅ содСрТаниС ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ„Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ² достигаСт максимальной Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎ 4,5 % Π² Π³Π°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌ эквивалСнтС ΠΎΡ‚ массы ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ экстрагировании Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ-ΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ смСсью с содСрТаниСм этанола 50 % (w/w). Π’ качСствС ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² процСсса образования прогорклости исслСдовано влияниС Ρ„Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… антиоксидантов Π½Π° пСрСкисноС (PV) ΠΈ кислотноС (AV) числа кондитСрских ΠΆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ² Π»Π°ΡƒΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ Π½Π΅Π»Π°ΡƒΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… систСмах. Π”ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ благодаря высокому ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΡŽ Π² Π²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π΄Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΊΠ°Ρ… антиоксидантов, Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ этих ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΊΠΎΠ² Π² состав ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ†ΠΎΠ² сущСствСнно замСдляСт процСссы автоокислСния ΠΆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ². Показано, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π΄Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρ€Π°ΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΡ‹Ρ€ΡŒΠ΅ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ с Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠΈ зрСния Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ процСсса Π³ΠΈΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ² Π² кондитСрской Π³Π»Π°Π·ΡƒΡ€ΠΈ. Об этом ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎ активности Ρ„Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π° Π»ΠΈΠΏΠ°Π·Π°, Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ Π² ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ†Π°Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ· Π²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π΄Π½Ρ‹Ρ… косточСк - 1,03 ΠΈ 1,12 см3/Π³ для GSP ΠΈ DGSF, соотвСтствСнно, ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡ€Π°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ с Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Ρƒ Ρ€Π°Π·Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ†ΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠ°ΠΎ-ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΊΠΎΠ² - 0,84 ΠΈ 1,87 см3/Π³. ИсслСдованиС измСнСния кислотного числа ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ†ΠΎΠ² Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ GSP ΠΈ DGSF ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ источника антиоксидантов Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ процСсс Π³ΠΈΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ² Π΄ΠΎ свободных ΠΆΠΈΡ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… кислот. ΠŸΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‚ практичСскоС Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ для ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ процСсса производства кондитСрской Π³Π»Π°Π·ΡƒΡ€ΠΈ Π² Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ частичной Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠ°ΠΎ-ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠ· Π²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π΄Π½Ρ‹Ρ… косточСк. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ способствуСт созданию ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΈΡ‰Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ цСнности ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ устойчивого ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‡Π΅ Π² Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π΅ процСсса окислСния ΠΈ Π³ΠΈΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π₯Ρ€ΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Ρ„Ρ–Ρ‡Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ дослідТСно ΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ–Ρ„Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΠΉ склад Π²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π΄Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΊΡ–Π² grape seeds powder (GSP) Ρ– defatted grape seeds flour (DGSF) Π² Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ-спиртових (Π΅Ρ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ», Ρ–Π·ΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ») Скстрактах. ВстановлСно вміст антиоксидантів, Ρ‰ΠΎ присутні Π² вигляді Ρ„Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΡ… кислот (Π³Π°Π»ΠΎΠ²Π°, Π΅Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠ²Π°), стилбСнів (рСсвСратрол) Ρ‚Π° Ρ„Π»Π°Π²ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡ—Π΄Ρ–Π² , насампСрСд, Ρ„Π»Π°Π²Π°Π½ΠΎΠ»Ρ–Π² (ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Ρ–Π½, Π΅ΠΏΡ–ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Ρ–Π½) Ρ‚Π° Ρ„Π»Π°Π²ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ»Ρ–Π² (ΠΊΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΡ„Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ», ΠΌΠΈΡ€ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ½, ΠΊΠ²Π΅Ρ€Ρ†Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠ½ Ρ‚Π° ΠΉΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡ…Ρ–Π΄Π½Ρ– Π³Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈ). Показано, Ρ‰ΠΎ загальний вміст ΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ–Ρ„Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ»Ρ–Π² досягає ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡ— Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ - ΠΌΠ°ΠΉΠΆΠ΅ 4,5 % Π² Π³Π°Π»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Π΅ΠΊΠ²Ρ–Π²Π°Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ– Π²Ρ–Π΄ маси ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΊΡƒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Скстрагуванні Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ-Π΅Ρ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡŽ ΡΡƒΠΌΡ–ΡˆΡˆΡŽ Π· вмістом Π΅Ρ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ»Ρƒ 50 % (w/w). Π’ якості ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€Ρ–Π² процСсу утворСння згірклості, Ρ‰ΠΎ Π·ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π° окиснСнням Ρ‚Π° Π³Ρ–Π΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ»Ρ–Π·ΠΎΠΌ ΠΆΠΈΡ€Ρ–Π², дослідТСно Π²ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ² Ρ„Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΡ… антиоксидантів Π½Π° пСрСкиснС (PV) Ρ‚Π° кислотнС (AV) числа ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΡΡŒΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΆΠΈΡ€Ρ–Π² Π»Π°ΡƒΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ‚Π° Π½Π΅Π»Π°ΡƒΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΡ–Π² Π² ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΡ… систСмах. Π”ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ, Ρ‰ΠΎ завдяки високому вмісту Ρƒ Π²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π΄Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΊΠ°Ρ… антиоксидантів, додавання Ρ†ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΊΡ–Π² Π΄ΠΎ складу Π·Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΊΡ–Π² суттєво ΡƒΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ–Π»ΡŒΠ½ΡŽΡ” процСси автоокиснСння ΠΆΠΈΡ€Ρ–Π². Показано, Ρ‰ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π΄Π½Ρ– ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΊΠΈ як рослинна сировина Ρ” Π±Ρ–Π»ΡŒΡˆ ΡΡ‚Π°Π±Ρ–Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π· Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠΈ Π·ΠΎΡ€Ρƒ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Ρ–Π·Π°Ρ†Ρ–Ρ— процСсу Π³Ρ–Π΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ»Ρ–Π·Ρƒ ΠΆΠΈΡ€Ρ–Π² Ρƒ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΡΡŒΠΊΡ–ΠΉ Π³Π»Π°Π·ΡƒΡ€Ρ–. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎ Ρ†Π΅ ΡΠ²Ρ–Π΄Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π΄Π°Π½Ρ– Π· активності Ρ„Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Ρƒ Π»Ρ–ΠΏΠ°Π·Π°, Ρ‰ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡŒ Π½ΠΈΠΆΡ‡Ρ– значСння Ρƒ Π·Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΊΠ°Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΊΡ–Π² Π· Π²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π΄Π½ΠΈΡ… кісточок – 1,03 Ρ‚Π° 1,12 см3/Π³ для GSP Ρ‚Π° DGSF, Π²Ρ–Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ–Π΄Π½ΠΎ, порівняно Π· Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ Ρƒ Ρ€Ρ–Π·Π½ΠΈΡ… Π·Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΊΠ°Ρ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠ°ΠΎ-ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΊΡ–Π² – 0,84 Ρ‚Π° 1,87 см3/Π³. ДослідТСння Π·ΠΌΡ–Π½ΠΈ кислотного числа Π·Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΊΡ–Π² Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΆ засвідчило, Ρ‰ΠΎ додаванням GSP Ρ‚Π° DGSF як Π΄ΠΆΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π»Π° антиоксидантів Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ Ρ–Π½Π³Ρ–Π±ΡƒΡ” процСс Π³Ρ–Π΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ»Ρ–Π·Ρƒ ΠΆΠΈΡ€Ρ–Π² Π΄ΠΎ Π²Ρ–Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΡ… ΠΆΠΈΡ€Π½ΠΈΡ… кислот. ΠžΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½Ρ– Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π½Π΅ значСння для удосконалСння процСсу Π²ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΈΡ†Ρ‚Π²Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΡΡŒΠΊΠΎΡ— Π³Π»Π°Π·ΡƒΡ€Ρ– Π² напрямку часткової Π·Π°ΠΌΡ–Π½ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠ°ΠΎ-ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΊΡƒ ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π· Π²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π΄Π½ΠΈΡ… кісточок. Π¦Π΅ сприятимС ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΡ€Π΅Π½Π½ΡŽ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚Ρƒ ΠΏΡ–Π΄Π²ΠΈΡ‰Π΅Π½ΠΎΡ— Ρ…Π°Ρ€Ρ‡ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ— цінності Ρ‚Π° Π±Ρ–Π»ΡŒΡˆ стійкого Π΄ΠΎ псування ΠΆΠΈΡ€Ρ–

    Π’ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ² ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΊΡ–Π² Π· Π²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π΄Π½ΠΈΡ… кісточок Π½Π° Π·Π±Π΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ–ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΆΠΈΡ€Ρ–Π² Ρƒ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΡΡŒΠΊΡ–ΠΉ Π³Π»Π°Π·ΡƒΡ€Ρ–

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    The polyphenol composition of grape seeds powder (GSP) and defatted grape seeds flour (DGSF) in waterΒ­alcohol (ethanol, isopropanol) extracts was studied by the chromatographic method. There was established the content of antioxidants, which are present in the form of phenolic acids (gallic, ellagic), stilbenes (resveratrol) and flavonoids, first of all, flavanols (catechin, epicatechin) and flavonols (kaemferol, myricetin, quercetin and its derivative glycosides). It was shown that the total content of polyphenols reaches a maximum size of about 4.5Β % in gallic equivalent of the powder weight at the extraction of waterΒ­ethanol mixture with ethanol content of 50Β % (w/w). The effect of phenolic antioxidants on peroxide (PV) and acid (AV) values of confectionery fats of lauric and nonΒ­lauric types in the model systems was studied as the markers of the rancidity formation process. It was proved that thanks to a high content of antioxidants in grape powders, the introduction of these powders in the composition of samples significantly slows down the process of autoΒ­oxidation of fats. It was shown that grape powders as vegetable raw material are more stable in terms of catalyzing the process of fats hydrolysis in confectionery glaze. This is evidenced by the data on the activity of lipase enzyme, the magnitude of which is lower in the samples of grape seeds powders – 1.03 and 1.12Β Γ±m3/g for GSP and DGSF, respectively, compared with that of different samples of cocoa powder – 0.84 and 1.87Β Γ±m3/g. The study into changes in acid value of the samples also showed that the addition of GSP and DGSF as the source of antioxidants significantly inhibits the process of hydrolysis of fats to free fatty acids. The obtained results have a practical significance for the improvement of the process of confectionary glaze production in the direction of partial substitution of cocoa powder with grape seeds powders. This contributes to the creation of a product with a high nutritional value and which is more resistant to damage as a result of the process of oxidation and hydrolysis of fatsΠ₯роматографичСским ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ исслСдован ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ„Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ состав Π²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π΄Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΊΠΎΠ² grape seeds powder (GSP) ΠΈ defatted grape seeds flour (DGSF) Π² Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ-спиртовых (этанол, ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ») экстрактах. УстановлСно содСрТаниС антиоксидантов, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡΡƒΡ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ Ρ„Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… кислот (галловая, эллаговая), стилбСнов (рСсвСратрол) ΠΈ Ρ„Π»Π°Π²ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ², ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅ всСго, Ρ„Π»Π°Π²Π°Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ² (ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…ΠΈΠ½, эпикатСхин) ΠΈ Ρ„Π»Π°Π²ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ² (ΠΊΠ΅ΠΌΡ„Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ», ΠΌΠΈΡ€ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ½, ΠΊΠ²Π΅Ρ€Ρ†Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠ½ ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π³Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠ΄Ρ‹). Показано, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π΅ содСрТаниС ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ„Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ² достигаСт максимальной Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎ 4,5 % Π² Π³Π°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌ эквивалСнтС ΠΎΡ‚ массы ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ экстрагировании Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ-ΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ смСсью с содСрТаниСм этанола 50 % (w/w). Π’ качСствС ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² процСсса образования прогорклости исслСдовано влияниС Ρ„Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… антиоксидантов Π½Π° пСрСкисноС (PV) ΠΈ кислотноС (AV) числа кондитСрских ΠΆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ² Π»Π°ΡƒΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ Π½Π΅Π»Π°ΡƒΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… систСмах. Π”ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ благодаря высокому ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΡŽ Π² Π²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π΄Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΊΠ°Ρ… антиоксидантов, Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ этих ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΊΠΎΠ² Π² состав ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ†ΠΎΠ² сущСствСнно замСдляСт процСссы автоокислСния ΠΆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ². Показано, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π΄Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρ€Π°ΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΡ‹Ρ€ΡŒΠ΅ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ с Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠΈ зрСния Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ процСсса Π³ΠΈΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ² Π² кондитСрской Π³Π»Π°Π·ΡƒΡ€ΠΈ. Об этом ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎ активности Ρ„Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π° Π»ΠΈΠΏΠ°Π·Π°, Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ Π² ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ†Π°Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ· Π²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π΄Π½Ρ‹Ρ… косточСк - 1,03 ΠΈ 1,12 см3/Π³ для GSP ΠΈ DGSF, соотвСтствСнно, ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡ€Π°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ с Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Ρƒ Ρ€Π°Π·Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ†ΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠ°ΠΎ-ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΊΠΎΠ² - 0,84 ΠΈ 1,87 см3/Π³. ИсслСдованиС измСнСния кислотного числа ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ†ΠΎΠ² Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ GSP ΠΈ DGSF ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ источника антиоксидантов Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ процСсс Π³ΠΈΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ² Π΄ΠΎ свободных ΠΆΠΈΡ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… кислот. ΠŸΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‚ практичСскоС Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ для ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ процСсса производства кондитСрской Π³Π»Π°Π·ΡƒΡ€ΠΈ Π² Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ частичной Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠ°ΠΎ-ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠ· Π²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π΄Π½Ρ‹Ρ… косточСк. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ способствуСт созданию ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΈΡ‰Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ цСнности ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ устойчивого ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‡Π΅ Π² Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π΅ процСсса окислСния ΠΈ Π³ΠΈΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π₯Ρ€ΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Ρ„Ρ–Ρ‡Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ дослідТСно ΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ–Ρ„Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΠΉ склад Π²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π΄Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΊΡ–Π² grape seeds powder (GSP) Ρ– defatted grape seeds flour (DGSF) Π² Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ-спиртових (Π΅Ρ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ», Ρ–Π·ΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ») Скстрактах. ВстановлСно вміст антиоксидантів, Ρ‰ΠΎ присутні Π² вигляді Ρ„Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΡ… кислот (Π³Π°Π»ΠΎΠ²Π°, Π΅Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠ²Π°), стилбСнів (рСсвСратрол) Ρ‚Π° Ρ„Π»Π°Π²ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡ—Π΄Ρ–Π² , насампСрСд, Ρ„Π»Π°Π²Π°Π½ΠΎΠ»Ρ–Π² (ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Ρ–Π½, Π΅ΠΏΡ–ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Ρ–Π½) Ρ‚Π° Ρ„Π»Π°Π²ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ»Ρ–Π² (ΠΊΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΡ„Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ», ΠΌΠΈΡ€ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ½, ΠΊΠ²Π΅Ρ€Ρ†Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠ½ Ρ‚Π° ΠΉΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡ…Ρ–Π΄Π½Ρ– Π³Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈ). Показано, Ρ‰ΠΎ загальний вміст ΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ–Ρ„Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ»Ρ–Π² досягає ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡ— Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ - ΠΌΠ°ΠΉΠΆΠ΅ 4,5 % Π² Π³Π°Π»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Π΅ΠΊΠ²Ρ–Π²Π°Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ– Π²Ρ–Π΄ маси ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΊΡƒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Скстрагуванні Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ-Π΅Ρ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡŽ ΡΡƒΠΌΡ–ΡˆΡˆΡŽ Π· вмістом Π΅Ρ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ»Ρƒ 50 % (w/w). Π’ якості ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€Ρ–Π² процСсу утворСння згірклості, Ρ‰ΠΎ Π·ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π° окиснСнням Ρ‚Π° Π³Ρ–Π΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ»Ρ–Π·ΠΎΠΌ ΠΆΠΈΡ€Ρ–Π², дослідТСно Π²ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ² Ρ„Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΡ… антиоксидантів Π½Π° пСрСкиснС (PV) Ρ‚Π° кислотнС (AV) числа ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΡΡŒΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΆΠΈΡ€Ρ–Π² Π»Π°ΡƒΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ‚Π° Π½Π΅Π»Π°ΡƒΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΡ–Π² Π² ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΡ… систСмах. Π”ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ, Ρ‰ΠΎ завдяки високому вмісту Ρƒ Π²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π΄Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΊΠ°Ρ… антиоксидантів, додавання Ρ†ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΊΡ–Π² Π΄ΠΎ складу Π·Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΊΡ–Π² суттєво ΡƒΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ–Π»ΡŒΠ½ΡŽΡ” процСси автоокиснСння ΠΆΠΈΡ€Ρ–Π². Показано, Ρ‰ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π΄Π½Ρ– ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΊΠΈ як рослинна сировина Ρ” Π±Ρ–Π»ΡŒΡˆ ΡΡ‚Π°Π±Ρ–Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π· Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠΈ Π·ΠΎΡ€Ρƒ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Ρ–Π·Π°Ρ†Ρ–Ρ— процСсу Π³Ρ–Π΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ»Ρ–Π·Ρƒ ΠΆΠΈΡ€Ρ–Π² Ρƒ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΡΡŒΠΊΡ–ΠΉ Π³Π»Π°Π·ΡƒΡ€Ρ–. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎ Ρ†Π΅ ΡΠ²Ρ–Π΄Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π΄Π°Π½Ρ– Π· активності Ρ„Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Ρƒ Π»Ρ–ΠΏΠ°Π·Π°, Ρ‰ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡŒ Π½ΠΈΠΆΡ‡Ρ– значСння Ρƒ Π·Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΊΠ°Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΊΡ–Π² Π· Π²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π΄Π½ΠΈΡ… кісточок – 1,03 Ρ‚Π° 1,12 см3/Π³ для GSP Ρ‚Π° DGSF, Π²Ρ–Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ–Π΄Π½ΠΎ, порівняно Π· Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ Ρƒ Ρ€Ρ–Π·Π½ΠΈΡ… Π·Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΊΠ°Ρ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠ°ΠΎ-ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΊΡ–Π² – 0,84 Ρ‚Π° 1,87 см3/Π³. ДослідТСння Π·ΠΌΡ–Π½ΠΈ кислотного числа Π·Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΊΡ–Π² Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΆ засвідчило, Ρ‰ΠΎ додаванням GSP Ρ‚Π° DGSF як Π΄ΠΆΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π»Π° антиоксидантів Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ Ρ–Π½Π³Ρ–Π±ΡƒΡ” процСс Π³Ρ–Π΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ»Ρ–Π·Ρƒ ΠΆΠΈΡ€Ρ–Π² Π΄ΠΎ Π²Ρ–Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΡ… ΠΆΠΈΡ€Π½ΠΈΡ… кислот. ΠžΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½Ρ– Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π½Π΅ значСння для удосконалСння процСсу Π²ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΈΡ†Ρ‚Π²Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΡΡŒΠΊΠΎΡ— Π³Π»Π°Π·ΡƒΡ€Ρ– Π² напрямку часткової Π·Π°ΠΌΡ–Π½ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠ°ΠΎ-ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΊΡƒ ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π· Π²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π΄Π½ΠΈΡ… кісточок. Π¦Π΅ сприятимС ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΡ€Π΅Π½Π½ΡŽ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚Ρƒ ΠΏΡ–Π΄Π²ΠΈΡ‰Π΅Π½ΠΎΡ— Ρ…Π°Ρ€Ρ‡ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ— цінності Ρ‚Π° Π±Ρ–Π»ΡŒΡˆ стійкого Π΄ΠΎ псування ΠΆΠΈΡ€Ρ–

    Preparation of grape pomace powders and analysis of their nutritive compositions

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    Grape pomace (GP) is produced in large amounts worldwide, leading to waste of resources and environmental pollution. Using grapes grown in eastern China, the main nutrients and polyphenols in grape seeds (GS), skin (GSK), and GP powders were determined by conventional chemical composition analysis and HPLC-MS/MS. The antioxidative activity of a GP polyphenol extract was identified using DPPH and hydroxyl radical scavenging assays and reducing power assay. GSK and GP contained less total dietary fiber than GS. The total polyphenolic content of GS was significantly higher than that of GSK and GP. The hydrogen- and electron-donating activities of the GP polyphenol extract were superior to those of vitamin C

    Π’ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ² ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΊΡƒ Π· Π²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π΄Π½ΠΈΡ… кісточок Π½Π° ΡΠΊΡ–ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π·Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°

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    Butter biscuits that enjoy stable great demand in all segments of population traditionally contain a lot of fats and carbohydrates versus small amounts of biologically active substances. Enriching butter biscuits with dietary fibre, polyphenolic compounds, minerals and vitamins has a beneficial effect on the human body. These components are abundant in raw plant materials, primarily in powdered grape pomace. Grape pomace is a secondary product of wine manufacturing that is output in large quantities at wineries in Ukraine; it is an available and inexpensive raw stuff with a rich chemical composition.We have studied the possibility of using grape seed powder in the technology of butter biscuits, in order to increase their biological value. We have found that in comparison with wheat flour, the powder is characterized by a higher water absorption capacity, and adding grape seed powder makes gluten less tensile and more elastic. The study has proved a positive effect of grape seed powder on physicochemical and organoleptic parameters of the quality of butter biscuits that become biologically more valuable.ИсслСдована Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ использования ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΊΠ° ΠΈΠ· Π²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π΄Π½Ρ‹Ρ… косточСк Π² Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ сдобного ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ биологичСской цСнности. Показано, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡ€Π°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ с ΠΏΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΡƒΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ½ характСризуСтся большСй Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ. УстановлСно, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π² присутствии ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΊΠ° ΠΈΠ· Π²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π΄Π½Ρ‹Ρ… косточСк ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΠΉΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½Π° становится ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΅ растяТимой ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡƒΠΏΡ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΉ. Π”ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ влияниС ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΊΠ° ΠΈΠ· Π²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π΄Π½Ρ‹Ρ… косточСк Π½Π° Ρ„ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-химичСскиС ΠΈ органолСптичСскиС ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈ качСства сдобного ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒΡ.ДослідТСно ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²Ρ–ΡΡ‚ΡŒ використання ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΊΡƒ Π· Π²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π΄Π½ΠΈΡ… кісточок Π² Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Ρ–Ρ— Π·Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡ΠΈΠ²Π° ΠΏΡ–Π΄Π²ΠΈΡ‰Π΅Π½ΠΎΡ— Π±Ρ–ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Ρ–Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΡ— цінності. Показано, Ρ‰ΠΎ Ρƒ порівнянні Π· ΠΏΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΈΠΌ Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π²Ρ–Π½ Ρ…Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ”Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π±Ρ–Π»ΡŒΡˆΠΎΡŽ водопоглинальною Π·Π΄Π°Ρ‚Π½Ρ–ΡΡ‚ΡŽ. ВстановлСно, Ρ‰ΠΎ Ρƒ присутності ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΊΡƒ Π· Π²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π΄Π½ΠΈΡ… кісточок ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΠΉΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½Π° стає мСнш Ρ€ΠΎΠ·Ρ‚ΡΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡŽ Ρ‚Π° Π±Ρ–Π»ΡŒΡˆ ΠΏΡ€ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡŽ. Π”ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π²ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ² ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΊΡƒ Π· Π²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π΄Π½ΠΈΡ… кісточок Π½Π° Ρ„Ρ–Π·ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-Ρ…Ρ–ΠΌΡ–Ρ‡Π½Ρ– Ρ‚Π° ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ– ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ якості Π·Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°

    DETERMINATION OF THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GRAPE SEED POWDERS BY GC-MS ANALYSIS

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    Substantiation of the expedience of using of natural antioxidants for inhibiting of oxidative and hydrolytic rancidity in confectionary industry is an urgent direction. The offered way of solving the problem is to use a fat-less grape seed powder, a product, obtained as wastes of vine-making as a source of antioxidants. For this aim, there were realized experimental studies of water-alcohol extracts (ethanol, isopropanol) by the method of gas chromatography with mass-spectroscopic detection (CG-MS) of the chemical composition of grape seed powders under industrial conditions. The obtained data allowed to establish that the studied extracts contain an essential amount of phenol compounds of the different origin: aromatic acids – gallic and egallic acids; resveratrol; flavonoids – quercetin and its derivatives, catechine, epicatechine, campferol and others alongside with esters of fatty acids. These components are strong antioxidants, and their introduction to a grape seed powder must favor inhibition of the oxidizing process of fats in fat-containing confectionary products, so increasing shelf-life of products

    Study of the effect of chia seeds (Salvia Hispanica L.) on structural-mechanical characteristics of a cream-blown paste for candies

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    The influence of whole and crushed chia seeds on the characteristics of unstructured and structured cream-blown candy paste made with different gelling agents (agar, pectin and modified starch) was investigated. It was found that when adding an additive, the viscosity of unstructured candy pastes changes insignificantly. The adhesion of unstructured cream-blown candy pastes at the maximum dosage of chia seeds increases by 7.2... 8.5%, depending on the type used by the gelling agents. Modern equipment usually has an anti-adhesive coating. Therefore, a slight increase in the adhesion index will not affect the performance of the technological process. It is noted that the Introduction of chia seeds causes an increase in the density and strength of the structured candy pastes. According to the maximum investigated dosage of the additive, they do not meet the requirements of regulatory documents in terms of density and have unfavorable organoleptic characteristics. To ensure the high quality of cream-blown candy pastes, it is recommended to introduce whole chia seeds in an amount of 50% of the mass of dry egg albumin, and chopped seeds in an amount of 40% of the fat mass with a corresponding decrease in their prescription content

    Influence of Grape Seeds Powder on Preservation of Fats in Confectionary Glaze

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    The polyphenol composition of grape seeds powder (GSP) and defatted grape seeds flour (DGSF) in waterΒ­alcohol (ethanol, isopropanol) extracts was studied by the chromatographic method. There was established the content of antioxidants, which are present in the form of phenolic acids (gallic, ellagic), stilbenes (resveratrol) and flavonoids, first of all, flavanols (catechin, epicatechin) and flavonols (kaemferol, myricetin, quercetin and its derivative glycosides). It was shown that the total content of polyphenols reaches a maximum size of about 4.5 % in gallic equivalent of the powder weight at the extraction of waterΒ­ethanol mixture with ethanol content of 50 % (w/w). The effect of phenolic antioxidants on peroxide (PV) and acid (AV) values of confectionery fats of lauric and nonΒ­lauric types in the model systems was studied as the markers of the rancidity formation process. It was proved that thanks to a high content of antioxidants in grape powders, the introduction of these powders in the composition of samples significantly slows down the process of autoΒ­oxidation of fats. It was shown that grape powders as vegetable raw material are more stable in terms of catalyzing the process of fats hydrolysis in confectionery glaze. This is evidenced by the data on the activity of lipase enzyme, the magnitude of which is lower in the samples of grape seeds powders – 1.03 and 1.12 Γ±m3/g for GSP and DGSF, respectively, compared with that of different samples of cocoa powder – 0.84 and 1.87 Γ±m3/g. The study into changes in acid value of the samples also showed that the addition of GSP and DGSF as the source of antioxidants significantly inhibits the process of hydrolysis of fats to free fatty acids. The obtained results have a practical significance for the improvement of the process of confectionary glaze production in the direction of partial substitution of cocoa powder with grape seeds powders. This contributes to the creation of a product with a high nutritional value and which is more resistant to damage as a result of the process of oxidation and hydrolysis of fat
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