ENNS: The French Nutrition & Health Survey. Exposure of the French population to lead

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Exposition de la population au plomb: Valeurs de reference (Etude nationale nutrition santé, ENNS 2006-2007)

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Blood lead levels in the adult population living in France the French Nutrition and Health Survey (ENNS 2006-2007)

BackgroundThe French Nutrition and Health Survey (ENNS) was conducted in order to describe food consumption and levels of various biomarkers in the general population. In this paper, we aimed to assess the distribution of blood lead levels (BLL) in the adult population living in France.MethodENNS was a cross-sectional survey carried out in the general population. Participants (18–74 years of age) were sampled using a three-stage probability design stratified by geographical areas and degrees of urbanization. Collected data included biochemical samples, anthropometric measurements, socio-demographic characteristics, and environmental and occupational exposure.ResultsIn 2006/2007, 2029 adults were included in the survey on lead. The blood lead geometric mean (GM) in the population living in France was 25.7 μg/L [24.9–26.5]. The overall prevalence of elevated BLL (> 100 μg/L) was 1.7% [1.1–2.3%]. Levels were significantly higher in males than in females, and increased with age, smoking status and alcohol consumption. Other factors significantly associated with BLL were leisure activities, occupational category, age of housing unit, birth place and shellfish/crustacean consumption.ConclusionFor the first time a survey provides national estimates of BLL for the adult population in France. Comparison with results from a previous study among men aged 18–28 years showed that the GM dropped more than 60% in the last 10 years. The distribution of BLL in France was quite similar to that observed in other European countries.Research Highlightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Metal exposure among Frenc adults from the French Nutrition and Health Survey (ENNS 2006-2007)

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Metal exposure among Frenc adults from the French Nutrition and Health Survey (ENNS 2006-2007)

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Biosurveillance de la population française vis-à-vis de l'exposition à des agents chimiques. L'étude nationale Nutrition-Santé (ENNS)

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Development of land use regression models for PM2.5, PM2.5 absorbance, PM10 and PMcoarse in 20 European study areas; results of the ESCAPE project

Aplinkotyros katedraVytauto Didžiojo universiteta

Development of Land Use Regression Models for PM2.5, PM2.5 Absorbance, PM10 and PMcoarse in 20 European Study Areas; Results of the ESCAPE Project

ABSTRACT: Land Use Regression (LUR) models have been used increasingly for modeling small-scale spatial variation in air pollution concentrations and estimating individual exposure for participants of cohort studies. Within the ESCAPE project, concentrations of PM2.5, PM2.5 absorbance, PM10 and PMcoarse were measured in 20 European study areas at 20 sites per area. GIS-derived predictor variables (e.g. traffic intensity, population, and land-use) were evaluated to model spatial variation of annual average concentrations for each study area. The median model explained variance (R2) was 71% for PM2.5 (range across study areas 35%-94%). Model R2 was higher for PM2.5 absorbance (median 89%, range 56-97%) and lower for PMcoarse (median 68%, range 32- 81%). Models included between two and five predictor variables, with various traffic indicators as the most common predictors. Lower R2 was related to small concentration variability or limited availability of predictor variables, especially traffic intensity. Cross validation R2 results were on average 8-11% lower than model R2. Careful selection of monitoring sites, examination of influential observations and skewed variable distributions were essential for developing stable LUR models. The final LUR models are used to estimate air pollution concentrations at the home addresses of participants in the health studies involved in ESCAP