Evaluation of Physiological Parameters During Recovery in Children Treated Under General Anesthesia - A Retrospective Cohort Study

Introduction: General anesthesia is used predolminantly in pediatric dentistry. However, certain concerns over evaluating physiological parameters in children after postoperative dental treatment after under-recovery of general anesthesia still remain a concern Aim: The current study aim is to evaluate the physiological parameters during postoperative treatment on children treated over general anesthesia. Materials and methods: Children under the age group of 1-12 years were included in the study. The data of physiological parameters which include, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, pulse rate were taken into the study from the DIAS record and were analyzed using SPSS software. Results: The results show that the mean value of systolic heart pressure is 74.06, diastolic blood pressure is 37.52 and the average mean pulse rate is 131. Conclusion: The study concludes that all the physiological parameters were within the normal range during recovery in children who underwent dental treatment under general anesthesia

Pulpotomy in Children Treated Under General Anaesthesia- A Retrospective Cohort Study

Introduction: Pulpotomy is a minimally invasive procedure in which the coronal part of the tooth is debrided and radicular part of the tooth remains intact. Sometime pulpotomy is done extensively affecting the tooth and it is too painful for a child to bear. So, in order to avoid the uncooperativeness of a child towards treatment, general anaesthesia is given safely without any harm. Aim: To analyse and evaluate the frequency of pulpotomies in children under general anaesthesia MATERIALS AND METHOD: Retrospective study was carried out in a private dental college and hospital which is located in Chennai. Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional review prior to the start of the study. Data were collected from the records of children less than 15 years of age who were treated under general anesthesia between September 2020 and February 2021. Results: The most of the children who have treated pulpotomy under general anaesthesia were of the age group of 6 to 10 years and most of the children are male with a margin of difference of 9% than female. Conclusion: the frequency of children undergoing pulpotomy under general anaesthesia is slightly higher

A Study on the Seismic Response of Ground and Reinforced Concrete Buildings in Belgaum Region, India

In the recent years, each unpredictable earthquake (for example Kobe, 1995; Taiwan, 1999; Kocaeli, 1999 and Bhuj, 2001) has revealed its own saga of destruction and failure of engineered structures. Therefore, regional variation in potential earthquake damage should be carefully assessed for better planning towards disaster mitigation. This requires assessment of the seismic ground motion parameters. The present study focus on the seismic response of ground and reinforced concrete buildings in Belgaum region (located in zone III, as per IS 1893–Part1: 2002) in Karnataka state. At present no strong motion records are available in this region and therefore, wavelet-based spectrum compatibility approach is used to generate synthetic earthquake motions for the region. The effect of soil deposits in the region on propagation of seismic motion parameters to the ground surface is investigated based on equivalent linear approach. The Frequency response analysis of buildings of various configurations is carried out with three dimensional numerical modeling. The results indicate the maximum spectral accelerations at the ground surface in the range of 0.68g to 1.29g and peak ground acceleration (PGA) amplifications in the range of 2.16 to 3.13. The predicted fundamental period of soil deposits in the region varies from 0.2 s to 0.4 s. The configuration of buildings susceptible to resonance due to the close matching of resulting wave frequencies of the ground is identified

RESEARCH ARTICLE ARTICALTICLE International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences GENETICS CYTOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF MICRONUCLEI, SISTER CHROMATID EXCHANGE AND CHROMOSOMAL ABERRATIONS IN PAN MASALA CHEWERS

Pan Masala (PM) chewing is very dangerous for health but it is becoming very popular day by day. PM is a dried powdered mixture containing ingredients like areca nut, catechu, lime, cardamom and flavouring agents. It is consumed abundantly by Indians and is also exported to Western countries. A cytogenetic study to assess the micronucleus (MN), sister chromatid exchange (SCE) levels and chromosomal aberrations among (CA) 60 pan chewers and 60 non-chewers was conducted in Chennai, Tamil Nadu. In the present cytogenetic monitoring study, analysis of MN was significantly higher (15.82 ± 1.31) in chewers than controls (4.82 ± 1.47) (P < 0.001) and SCE also was significantly higher in chewers (9.23 ± 2.12) than controls (4.80±1.11) (P < 0.001). In exfoliated buccal mucosa and chromosome analysis (CA), frequency of chromatid type aberrations is lower in controls than chewers such as gaps (0.90 % v. 1.83%) breaks (0.47 % v. 1.77%), exchanges (0.02 % v. 0.18) and acentric fragments (0.20 % v. 0.90%). The increased percentage of aberrations found among pan chewers is significantly higher when compared to that of the controls. Isochromatid aberrations also increased significantly such as gaps (0.12 % v. 0.97%) breaks (0.07 % v. 0.80%), acentric fragments (0.05 % v. 0.23%), dicentrics (0.02 % v. 0.63%), and these were estimated in th

Modeling of Overland Flow by the Diffusion Wave Approach

One of the major issues of present times, i.e. water quality degradation and a need for precise answers to transport of pollutants by overland flow, is addressed with special reference to the evaporator pits located adjacent to streams in the oil-producing regions of Eastern Kentucky. The practical shortcomings of the state-of-the-art kinematic wave are discussed and a new mathematical modeling-approach for overland flows using the more comprehensive diffusion wave is attempted as the first step in solving this problem. A Fourier series representation of the solution to the diffusion wave is adopted and found to perform well. The physically justified boundary conditions for steep slopes is considered and both numerical and analytical schemes are developed. The zero-depth-gradient lower condition is used and found to be adequate. The steady state analysis for mild slopes is found to be informative and both analytical and numerical solutions are found. The effect of imposing transients on the steady state solution are considered. Finally the cases for which these techniques can be used are presented

Meglumine catalyzed one-pot green synthesis of novel 4,7-dihydro-1H-pyrazolo3,4-bpyridin-6-amines

Meglumine efficiently catalyzes the one-pot, five-component reaction of hydrazine, ethyl acetoacetate, aryl aldehydes, substituted phenylacetonitriles and ammonium acetate in ethanol at room temperature to afford novel 4,7-dihydro-1H-pyrazolo3,4-bpyridin-6-amine derivatives. The present approach offers several advantages such as shorter reaction durations, low cost, excellent yields, milder reaction conditions, simple workup procedure and is environment friendly. All the synthesized derivatives are characterized by IR,1H NMR,13C NMR, HRMS and CHN analysis. � 2016 Mohamed Afzal Pash

Statin therapy and Vitamin D

Background: Statins are well-known drugs used in dyslipidemia and cardiac disorders since several years. Recently, it has been reported that long-term use of statins reduce serum vitamin D level. When statins are administered to patients with low vitamin D more muscular side effects have been reported. On the contrary, a few studies report that statins might increase vitamin D level competing with its metabolism. Hence, this study was conducted to evaluate the association between statins and vitamin D.Methods: 125 participants who fulfilled the selection criteria were enrolled in the study. 65 subjects belonged to control group and 60, statin group. The blood sample was collected for Vitamin D estimation. The results were correlated with a demographic profile, nature of statin and the muscular side effects and compared with control group.Results: The mean vitamin D level in statin group was 15.82 ng/ml±11.51 and 20.57 ng/ml±7.007 in the control group. The difference was found to be statistically significant.  13.85% in the control group and 10% in statin group had sufficient vitamin D level. 18.33% and 36.92 % had insufficient levels and 71.67% and 49.23% had a deficiency in the statin and control groups respectively.  Myalgia was reported by 30 among 60 subjects (50%) in statin group and 5 among 65 subjects (7.69%) in the control group.Conclusion: The present study has shown that statin therapy is associated with low vitamin D level and that this could contribute to the increased incidence of myalgia in the statin group

Primary Extradural Meningioma Presenting as Frontal Sinusitis with Extensive Bony Changes : Case report

Primary extradural meningiomas are rare tumours and calvarial meningiomas with extensive bony changes and frontal sinusitis are rarer still. We report a 40-year-old female patient who presented to the otorhinolaryngologist at the Sultan Qaboos University Hospital in Muscat, Oman, in October 2013 with headaches and frontal swelling. She was diagnosed with frontal sinusitis complicated by osteomyelitis. Further clinical examination and imaging revealed a left frontal calvarial meningioma with extensive bony changes and extracalvarial extension into the frontal sinus. She underwent a left frontal craniotomy during which the tumour was removed. The postoperative period was uneventful and a follow-up computed tomography scan after three months showed only postoperative changes. This report discusses the radiological differential diagnosis and management of this type of lesion

Probabilistic Assessment of Drought Characteristics using a Hidden Markov Model

Droughts are evaluated using drought indices that measure the departure of meteorological and hydrological variables such as precipitation and stream flow from their long-term averages. While there are many drought indices proposed in the literature, most of them use pre-defined thresholds for identifying drought classes ignoring the inherent uncertainties in characterizing droughts. In this study, a hidden Markov model (HMM) [1] is developed for probabilistic classification of drought states. The HMM captures space and time dependence in the data. The proposed model is applied to assess drought characteristics in Indiana using monthly precipitation and stream flow data. The comparison of HMM based drought index with standard precipitation index (SPI) [2] suggests that the HMM index provides more intuitive results

Genetic profiling of groupers of the Genus Epinephelus (Family: Serranidae) using DNA- Level markers.

Groupers are economically important marine fishes having world wide distribution. Phenotypic identification of species of the genus Epinephelus is often confusing due to overlapping of morphological characters. The Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) fingerprinting was used to develop genetic profiles in seven species of Epinephelus, such as E. diacanthus, E. areolatus, E. chlorostigma, E. bleekeri, E. coioides, E. tauvina, and E. malabaricus with a view to ratifying their taxonomic status. The RAPD fingerprints generated with four primers (OPA 01, OPA 07, OPF 08 and OPF 10) were consistent, reproducible and yielded species-specific diagnostic markers in all the species. A total of 59 RAPD loci in the size range of 70- 4500 bp were produced from all the four arbitrary primers. UPGMA dendrogram was constructed based on genetic distance values to show the genetic relationships among seven species. Intraspecies genetic distance values were significantly lower than interspecies values. E. malabaricus was observed to be most distantly related to E. diacanthus and E. bleekeri. A very close genetic relationship was seen among E. coioides, E. tauvina and E. malabaricus and also between E. chlorostigma and E. bleekeri. Within species genetic polymorphism was highest in E. chlorostigma and lowest in E. tauvina. Multivariate statistical analysis of truss network landmark distance measures was also done to differentiate five species of Epinephelus based on their body size and shape variation. Results of Principal Component Analysis and Discriminant analysis were in conformity with those of RAPD analysis