37 research outputs found

    Un cas de xeroderma pigmentosum observé au CNHU-HKM de Cotonou

    Get PDF
    Introduction : Le Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) est une maladie gĂ©nĂ©tique, entraĂźnant une sensibilitĂ© accrue au rayonnement ultraviolet avec pour consĂ©quences des lĂ©sions cutanĂ©es spĂ©cifiques sur les zones photoexposĂ©es. Observation: Il s’agissait d’un garçon de 3 ans, sans antĂ©cĂ©dent familial particulier, reçu pour des troubles pigmentaires du visage, Ă©voluant depuis un an, avec un dĂ©but en pĂ©riode nĂ©onatale marquĂ© par l’apparition de lĂ©sions bulleuses cutanĂ©es sur les zones photoexposĂ©es. Aucun facteur dĂ©clenchant n’était identifiĂ©. L’évolution de la maladie Ă©tait marquĂ©e par l’apparition de macules bigarrĂ©es. Les signes accompagnateurs Ă©taient une photophobie et un larmoiement. Les lĂ©sions cutanĂ©es Ă©voluaient par pĂ©riodes de poussĂ©es et rĂ©missions dans un contexte de retard psychomoteur. Le XP Ă©tait Ă©voquĂ© sur la base d’arguments cliniques. Aucun examen paraclinique spĂ©cifique n’était rĂ©alisĂ©. Une protection solaire et un Ă©mollient Ă©taient prescrits. La surveillance Ă©tait ophtalmologique et neurologique. Conclusion : Le XP Ă©tait Ă©voquĂ© devant des lĂ©sions cutanĂ©es bulleuses sur les zones photoexposĂ©es, ayant dĂ©butĂ© pendant la pĂ©riode nĂ©onatale. Un bilan paraclinique aurait permis la confirmation du diagnostic. Devant les risques de complications, une prise en charge multidisciplinaire est nĂ©cessaire.   Introduction : Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is a genetic disorder, leading to increased sensitivity to ultraviolet radiation with consequences such as specific skin lesions on areas of photoexposure. Case report : It was about a 3 year old boy, with no particular family history, received for skin discolorations of the face, evolving since one year, with a beginning during neonatal period marked with the occurence of bullous skin lesions on photoexposed areas. No triggering factor was identified. The course of the disease was marked by the appearance of discolored macules. Accompagnying signs were photophobia and tearing. The skin lesions were evolving through oubreaks and remission periods in a context of psychomotor retardation. XP was discussed based on clinical arguments. No specific paraclinic assessement was performed. Sun protection and a skin emollient were prescribed. Monitoring was ophtalmologic and neurological. Conclusion : XP was discussed based on recurring bullous skin lesions on photoexposed areas, starting during the neonatal period. Paraclinic assessment would have allowed the confirmation of the diagnosis. With risks of complications, a multidisciplinary management is necessary

    Aspects Epidemiologiques, Cliniques et Paracliniques des Fascilites Necrosantes au Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Pediatrique de Bangui (CHUPB)

    Get PDF
    Introduction : La fasciĂŻte nĂ©crosante est une affection grave de la peau et des tissus sous cutanĂ©s.  Son incidence est mal connue en RĂ©publique Centrafricaine. Le but de l’étude Ă©tait de contribuer Ă  l’amĂ©lioration de la prise en charge des fasciites nĂ©crosantes Ă  Bangui. Patients et mĂ©thode : Il s’agissait d’une Ă©tude transversale descriptive, rĂ©alisĂ©e au CHUPB du 1er Janvier 2019 au 30 Juin 2020. AprĂšs consentement Ă©clairĂ© des parents, les enfants ĂągĂ©s de 1 mois Ă  15 ans, prĂ©sentant une fasciite nĂ©crosante ont Ă©tĂ© inclus dans l’étude. Un questionnaire avait permis de collecter les donnĂ©es qui ont Ă©tĂ© analysĂ©es Ă  l’aide du logiciel Epi Info 7 et Excel. RĂ©sultats : sur les  70 cas les, garçons reprĂ©sentaient 61% soit un sex-ratio de 1,6. La tranche de 0 Ă  5 ans Ă©tait la plus touchĂ©e (62,9%). Les malades provenaient souvent des zones rurales (56%). Le syndrome inflammatoire du membre infĂ©rieur Ă©tait le motif de consultation dans 78,5%. Les injections intramusculaires Ă©taient la porte d’entrĂ©e cutanĂ©e dans 30% des cas. Le dĂ©lai de consultation Ă©tait supĂ©rieur Ă  7 jours dans 85,7% des cas. Plus de 50% des patients avait recours Ă  l’automĂ©dication. La fasciite nĂ©crosante Ă©tait Ă©voquĂ©e d’emblĂ©e chez 35,7% tandis que 64,3% des patients ont consultĂ© pour des infections de la peau et/ou des parties molles. Une anĂ©mie microcytaire hypochrome de type inflammatoire et une hyperleucocytose Ă©taient retrouvĂ©es dans respectivement 81,4% et 90% des cas. Une insuffisance rĂ©nale fonctionnelle Ă©tait prĂ©sente chez 15,7% des patients. Le streptocoque du groupe A Ă©tait isolĂ© chez 34% des patients. La chirurgie couplĂ©e Ă  l’antibiothĂ©rapie Ă©tait pratiquĂ©e chez tous les patients. L’évolution Ă©tait satisfaisante dans 97,1%. Le taux de lĂ©talitĂ© Ă©tait de 2,9%. Conclusion : La fasciite nĂ©crosante est frĂ©quente Ă  Bangui. Des actions de sensibilisation sont nĂ©cessaires pour rĂ©duire l’impact de la maladie.     Introduction: Necrotizing fasciitis is a serious condition of the skin and subcutaneous tissues. Its incidence is poorly known in the Central African Republic. The goal of the study was to contribute in improving the management of necrotizing fasciitis in Bangui. Patients and method: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study, carried out at CHUPB from January 1st, 2019 to June 30th, 2020. After the parents’ informed consent, children aged 1 month to 15 years with necrotizing fasciitis were included in the study. A questionnaire was used to collect the data, which were analyzed using Epi Info 7 and Excel software. Results: Out of the 70 cases, boys represented 61%, which was a sex ratio of 1.6. The 0 to 5 years old age group was the most affected (62.9%). Patients often came from rural areas (56%). Inflammatory syndrome of the lower limb was the chief complaint in 78.5%. IM injections were the cutaneous entry point in 30% of cases. The time from symptom onset to consultation was greater than 7 days in 85.7% of cases. More than 50% of patients resorted to self-medication. Necrotizing fasciitis was immediately evoked in 35.7% of patients. Inflammatory hypochromic microcytic anemia and hyperleukocytosis were found in respectively 81.4% and 90% of cases. Functional renal failure was present in 15.7% of patients. Group A streptococcus was isolated in 34% of patients. Surgery coupled with antibiotic therapy was performed in all patients. The evolution was satisfactory in 97.1%. The lethality rate was 2.9%.Conclusion: Necrotizing fasciitis is common in Bangui. Awareness actions are needed to reduce the impact of the disease

    Aspects Epidemiologiques, Cliniques et Paracliniques des Fascilites Necrosantes au Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Pediatrique de Bangui (CHUPB)

    Get PDF
    Introduction : La fasciĂŻte nĂ©crosante est une affection grave de la peau et des tissus sous cutanĂ©s.  Son incidence est mal connue en RĂ©publique Centrafricaine. Le but de l’étude Ă©tait de contribuer Ă  l’amĂ©lioration de la prise en charge des fasciites nĂ©crosantes Ă  Bangui. Patients et mĂ©thode : Il s’agissait d’une Ă©tude transversale descriptive, rĂ©alisĂ©e au CHUPB du 1er Janvier 2019 au 30 Juin 2020. AprĂšs consentement Ă©clairĂ© des parents, les enfants ĂągĂ©s de 1 mois Ă  15 ans, prĂ©sentant une fasciite nĂ©crosante ont Ă©tĂ© inclus dans l’étude. Un questionnaire avait permis de collecter les donnĂ©es qui ont Ă©tĂ© analysĂ©es Ă  l’aide du logiciel Epi Info 7 et Excel. RĂ©sultats : sur les  70 cas les, garçons reprĂ©sentaient 61% soit un sex-ratio de 1,6. La tranche de 0 Ă  5 ans Ă©tait la plus touchĂ©e (62,9%). Les malades provenaient souvent des zones rurales (56%). Le syndrome inflammatoire du membre infĂ©rieur Ă©tait le motif de consultation dans 78,5%. Les injections intramusculaires Ă©taient la porte d’entrĂ©e cutanĂ©e dans 30% des cas. Le dĂ©lai de consultation Ă©tait supĂ©rieur Ă  7 jours dans 85,7% des cas. Plus de 50% des patients avait recours Ă  l’automĂ©dication. La fasciite nĂ©crosante Ă©tait Ă©voquĂ©e d’emblĂ©e chez 35,7% tandis que 64,3% des patients ont consultĂ© pour des infections de la peau et/ou des parties molles. Une anĂ©mie microcytaire hypochrome de type inflammatoire et une hyperleucocytose Ă©taient retrouvĂ©es dans respectivement 81,4% et 90% des cas. Une insuffisance rĂ©nale fonctionnelle Ă©tait prĂ©sente chez 15,7% des patients. Le streptocoque du groupe A Ă©tait isolĂ© chez 34% des patients. La chirurgie couplĂ©e Ă  l’antibiothĂ©rapie Ă©tait pratiquĂ©e chez tous les patients. L’évolution Ă©tait satisfaisante dans 97,1%. Le taux de lĂ©talitĂ© Ă©tait de 2,9%. Conclusion : La fasciite nĂ©crosante est frĂ©quente Ă  Bangui. Des actions de sensibilisation sont nĂ©cessaires pour rĂ©duire l’impact de la maladie.     Introduction: Necrotizing fasciitis is a serious condition of the skin and subcutaneous tissues. Its incidence is poorly known in the Central African Republic. The goal of the study was to contribute in improving the management of necrotizing fasciitis in Bangui. Patients and method: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study, carried out at CHUPB from January 1st, 2019 to June 30th, 2020. After the parents’ informed consent, children aged 1 month to 15 years with necrotizing fasciitis were included in the study. A questionnaire was used to collect the data, which were analyzed using Epi Info 7 and Excel software. Results: Out of the 70 cases, boys represented 61%, which was a sex ratio of 1.6. The 0 to 5 years old age group was the most affected (62.9%). Patients often came from rural areas (56%). Inflammatory syndrome of the lower limb was the chief complaint in 78.5%. IM injections were the cutaneous entry point in 30% of cases. The time from symptom onset to consultation was greater than 7 days in 85.7% of cases. More than 50% of patients resorted to self-medication. Necrotizing fasciitis was immediately evoked in 35.7% of patients. Inflammatory hypochromic microcytic anemia and hyperleukocytosis were found in respectively 81.4% and 90% of cases. Functional renal failure was present in 15.7% of patients. Group A streptococcus was isolated in 34% of patients. Surgery coupled with antibiotic therapy was performed in all patients. The evolution was satisfactory in 97.1%. The lethality rate was 2.9%.Conclusion: Necrotizing fasciitis is common in Bangui. Awareness actions are needed to reduce the impact of the disease

    Clinical and epidemiological aspects of a hepatitis E outbreak in Bangui, Central African Republic

    Get PDF
    <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Outbreaks of hepatitis E frequently occur in tropical developing countries during the rainy season due to overflowing drains, short-circuiting of networks of clean water and use of contaminated water from wells. Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infections are usually accompanied by general symptoms of acute liver disease. This study was conducted to define the clinical and epidemiological aspects of the HEV outbreak that occurred in May 2004 in Bangui.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Blood samples were collected from 411 patients aged 1-87 years, most of whom presented with jaundice, asthenia or signs of uncomplicated malaria, for a transversal study from June 2004 to September 2005. Patients were recruited at 11 health care centres, including two referral hospitals, after they had given informed consent. The diagnosis of HEV was made with a commercial ELISA test to detect IgM and/or IgG antibodies. HEV RNA was amplified by RT-PCR to confirm the presence of the viral genome.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The most frequent clinical signs found were jaundice (93.4%), vomiting (50.7%), hepatalgia (47.4%), hepatomegaly (30.9%) and asthenia (26.8%), which are the general clinical signs of hepatic disease. Acute hepatitis E was found in 213 patients (51.8%) who were positive for HEV IgM antibodies. The IgG anti-HEV seroprevalence during this outbreak was high (79.5%). The age group 18-34 years was more frequently infected (91.2%) than those aged 1-17 (78.0%) or over 34 (64.9%) (p < 10<sup>-6</sup>). RT-PCR performed on 127 sera from the 213 IgM-HEV-positive patients was amplified, and the presence of the viral genome was found in 65 samples.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Although no specific clinical signs exist for hepatitis E infection, people presenting with jaundice, vomiting, hepatalgia, asthenia, hepatomegaly or distended abdomen with no signs of uncomplicated malaria in tropical developing countries should be sent to a laboratory for testing for hepatitis E.</p

    Comparative study of production, storage and consumption of thermal energy in urban city, from individual to collective

    No full text
    Dans la perspective de rĂ©duire la consommation Ă©nergĂ©tique et les Ă©missions de gaz Ă  effet de serre Ă  l’horizon 2020 ou 2050, des efforts importants doivent ĂȘtre consentis au niveau de la ville qui est la premiĂšre consommatrice d’énergie. En France, 35.2% de la consommation Ă©nergĂ©tique totale correspondent aux besoins en chauffage et en Eau Chaude Sanitaire (ECS) dans les bĂątiments. L’intĂ©gration de systĂšmes innovants de production d’énergie thermique dans la ville est donc un facteur essentiel face Ă  ces dĂ©fis Ă©nergĂ©tiques. L’objectif de la thĂšse est donc de dĂ©velopper un outil d’aide Ă  la dĂ©cision permettant d’identifier des stratĂ©gies optimales d’implantation des systĂšmes Ă©nergĂ©tiques pour une ville durable.Dans un premier temps, il s’agit d’identifier les diffĂ©rentes sources d’énergies renouvelables ou de chaleur fatale disponibles dans la ville et susceptibles d’alimenter le systĂšme de production d’énergie thermique tel que la pompe Ă  chaleur couplĂ©e Ă  l’habitat. Ensuite, le travail consistera Ă  dĂ©velopper un outil d’optimisation par modĂ©lisation dont les rĂ©sultats seront Ă©valuĂ©s sur la base de critĂšres Ă©nergĂ©tiques, environnementaux et Ă©conomiques. Le modĂšle envisagĂ© devra prendre en compte les multiples sources Ă  disposition (air, eaux usĂ©es, data center, UIOM, solaire, gĂ©othermie, etc.) ainsi que les diffĂ©rentes utilisations (ECS, chauffage), tout en considĂ©rant le caractĂšre multi-Ă©chelles de la problĂ©matique (systĂšme de production, bĂątiment, immeuble, quartier). Par ailleurs, pour prendre en compte le caractĂšre temporel des sources d’une part et des besoins d’autre part, il sera fait appel Ă  l’étude d’intĂ©gration de stockage Ă©nergĂ©tique. Un pilotage du systĂšme global sera Ă©galement Ă©tudiĂ©The city is the first energy consumer. For this, many dispositions are taken to increase green energy utilization and to reduce greenhouse gas emission. For example, in France, 35.2% of the total energy consumption represents the needs for heating and domestic hot water (DHW) in buildings. The utilization of innovative systems for thermal power generation or waste heat recovery in the city is considered as an efficient. Waste heat recovering depends on temperatures, distribution mode and adaptation between source and demand. Heat pump is considered as an effective solution for the production of domestic hot water or heating needs but her performance depends on the installation (adaptation to needs, sizing), sources / transmitters used (meteorology), control strategies, etc. The objective of this thesis is to develop a decision support tool to identify optimal strategies and configurations of heat pump systems to produce heat energy. Different recoverable and renewable sources available in the city will be studied. As for the applications, only the ECS and the heating will be taken into accoun

    Etude comparative de la production, stockage et consommation d’énergie thermique en milieu urbain aux Ă©chelles individuelle et collective

    No full text
    The city is the first energy consumer. For this, many dispositions are taken to increase green energy utilization and to reduce greenhouse gas emission. For example, in France, 35.2% of the total energy consumption represents the needs for heating and domestic hot water (DHW) in buildings. The utilization of innovative systems for thermal power generation or waste heat recovery in the city is considered as an efficient. Waste heat recovering depends on temperatures, distribution mode and adaptation between source and demand. Heat pump is considered as an effective solution for the production of domestic hot water or heating needs but her performance depends on the installation (adaptation to needs, sizing), sources / transmitters used (meteorology), control strategies, etc. The objective of this thesis is to develop a decision support tool to identify optimal strategies and configurations of heat pump systems to produce heat energy. Different recoverable and renewable sources available in the city will be studied. As for the applications, only the ECS and the heating will be taken into accountDans la perspective de rĂ©duire la consommation Ă©nergĂ©tique et les Ă©missions de gaz Ă  effet de serre Ă  l’horizon 2020 ou 2050, des efforts importants doivent ĂȘtre consentis au niveau de la ville qui est la premiĂšre consommatrice d’énergie. En France, 35.2% de la consommation Ă©nergĂ©tique totale correspondent aux besoins en chauffage et en Eau Chaude Sanitaire (ECS) dans les bĂątiments. L’intĂ©gration de systĂšmes innovants de production d’énergie thermique dans la ville est donc un facteur essentiel face Ă  ces dĂ©fis Ă©nergĂ©tiques. L’objectif de la thĂšse est donc de dĂ©velopper un outil d’aide Ă  la dĂ©cision permettant d’identifier des stratĂ©gies optimales d’implantation des systĂšmes Ă©nergĂ©tiques pour une ville durable.Dans un premier temps, il s’agit d’identifier les diffĂ©rentes sources d’énergies renouvelables ou de chaleur fatale disponibles dans la ville et susceptibles d’alimenter le systĂšme de production d’énergie thermique tel que la pompe Ă  chaleur couplĂ©e Ă  l’habitat. Ensuite, le travail consistera Ă  dĂ©velopper un outil d’optimisation par modĂ©lisation dont les rĂ©sultats seront Ă©valuĂ©s sur la base de critĂšres Ă©nergĂ©tiques, environnementaux et Ă©conomiques. Le modĂšle envisagĂ© devra prendre en compte les multiples sources Ă  disposition (air, eaux usĂ©es, data center, UIOM, solaire, gĂ©othermie, etc.) ainsi que les diffĂ©rentes utilisations (ECS, chauffage), tout en considĂ©rant le caractĂšre multi-Ă©chelles de la problĂ©matique (systĂšme de production, bĂątiment, immeuble, quartier). Par ailleurs, pour prendre en compte le caractĂšre temporel des sources d’une part et des besoins d’autre part, il sera fait appel Ă  l’étude d’intĂ©gration de stockage Ă©nergĂ©tique. Un pilotage du systĂšme global sera Ă©galement Ă©tudi

    Etude comparative de la production, stockage et consommation d’énergie thermique en milieu urbain aux Ă©chelles individuelle et collective

    No full text
    The city is the first energy consumer. For this, many dispositions are taken to increase green energy utilization and to reduce greenhouse gas emission. For example, in France, 35.2% of the total energy consumption represents the needs for heating and domestic hot water (DHW) in buildings. The utilization of innovative systems for thermal power generation or waste heat recovery in the city is considered as an efficient. Waste heat recovering depends on temperatures, distribution mode and adaptation between source and demand. Heat pump is considered as an effective solution for the production of domestic hot water or heating needs but her performance depends on the installation (adaptation to needs, sizing), sources / transmitters used (meteorology), control strategies, etc. The objective of this thesis is to develop a decision support tool to identify optimal strategies and configurations of heat pump systems to produce heat energy. Different recoverable and renewable sources available in the city will be studied. As for the applications, only the ECS and the heating will be taken into accountDans la perspective de rĂ©duire la consommation Ă©nergĂ©tique et les Ă©missions de gaz Ă  effet de serre Ă  l’horizon 2020 ou 2050, des efforts importants doivent ĂȘtre consentis au niveau de la ville qui est la premiĂšre consommatrice d’énergie. En France, 35.2% de la consommation Ă©nergĂ©tique totale correspondent aux besoins en chauffage et en Eau Chaude Sanitaire (ECS) dans les bĂątiments. L’intĂ©gration de systĂšmes innovants de production d’énergie thermique dans la ville est donc un facteur essentiel face Ă  ces dĂ©fis Ă©nergĂ©tiques. L’objectif de la thĂšse est donc de dĂ©velopper un outil d’aide Ă  la dĂ©cision permettant d’identifier des stratĂ©gies optimales d’implantation des systĂšmes Ă©nergĂ©tiques pour une ville durable.Dans un premier temps, il s’agit d’identifier les diffĂ©rentes sources d’énergies renouvelables ou de chaleur fatale disponibles dans la ville et susceptibles d’alimenter le systĂšme de production d’énergie thermique tel que la pompe Ă  chaleur couplĂ©e Ă  l’habitat. Ensuite, le travail consistera Ă  dĂ©velopper un outil d’optimisation par modĂ©lisation dont les rĂ©sultats seront Ă©valuĂ©s sur la base de critĂšres Ă©nergĂ©tiques, environnementaux et Ă©conomiques. Le modĂšle envisagĂ© devra prendre en compte les multiples sources Ă  disposition (air, eaux usĂ©es, data center, UIOM, solaire, gĂ©othermie, etc.) ainsi que les diffĂ©rentes utilisations (ECS, chauffage), tout en considĂ©rant le caractĂšre multi-Ă©chelles de la problĂ©matique (systĂšme de production, bĂątiment, immeuble, quartier). Par ailleurs, pour prendre en compte le caractĂšre temporel des sources d’une part et des besoins d’autre part, il sera fait appel Ă  l’étude d’intĂ©gration de stockage Ă©nergĂ©tique. Un pilotage du systĂšme global sera Ă©galement Ă©tudi
    corecore