Phase transition for a non-attractive infection process in heterogeneous environment

We consider a non-attractive three state contact process on $\mathbb Z$ and prove that there exists a regime of survival as well as a regime of extinction. In more detail, the process can be regarded as an infection process in a dynamic environment, where non-infected sites are either healthy or passive. Infected sites can recover only if they have a healthy site nearby, whereas non-infected sites may become infected only if there is no healthy and at least one infected site nearby. The transition probabilities are governed by a global parameter $q$: for large $q$, the infection dies out, and for small enough $q$, we observe its survival. The result is obtained by a coupling to a discrete time Markov chain, using its drift properties in the respective regimes

Sterol regulatory element binding protein-1 (SREBP1) gene expression is similarly increased in polycystic ovary syndrome and endometrial cancer

Introduction: Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have a 3-fold higher risk of endometrial cancer (EC). Insulin resistance and hyperlipidaemia may be pertinent factors in the pathogenesis of both conditions. The aim of this study was to investigate endometrial Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein-1 gene (SREBP1) expression in PCOS and EC endometrium, and to correlate endometrial SREBP1 expression with serum lipid profiles. Material and methods: A cross-sectional study was performed at Nottingham University Hospital, United Kingdom. A total of 102 women (PCOS, EC and controls; 34 participants in each group) were recruited. Clinical and biochemical assessments were performed before endometrial biopsies were obtained from all participants. Taqman real-time PCR for endometrial SREBP1 and its systemic protein expression were analysed. Results: The BMI of women with PCOS (29.28 (±2.91) kg/m2) and controls (28.58 (±2.62) kg/m2) was not significantly different. Women with EC had a higher mean BMI (32.22 (±5.70) kg/m2). SREBP1 gene expression was significantly increased in PCOS and EC endometrium compared to controls (p<0.0001). SREBP1 gene expression was positively correlated with BMI (r=0.017, p=0.921) and waist-hip ratio (r=0.023, p=0.544) in PCOS, but this was not statistically significant. Similarly, statistically insignificant positive correlations were found between endometrial SREBP1 gene expression and BMI in EC (r=0.643, p=0.06) and waist-hip ratio (r=0.096, p=0.073). SREBP1 expression was significantly positively correlated with triglyceride in both PCOS and EC (p= 0.028 and p=0.027). Quantitative serum SREBP1 correlated with endometrial gene expression (p<0.05). Conclusions: SREBP1 gene expression is significantly increased in the endometrium of PCOS and EC women compared with controls and positively correlates with serum triglyceride in both PCOS and EC

”Okay, det er faktisk en meget sjov opgave!”

Makkerarbejde er udbredt i grundskolen, men ofte er det form uden fagdidaktisk bund, og ofte er det diffust, hvordan eleverne skal samarbejde. Systematiseret Klassekammerathjælp (SYKL) støtter elevernes såvel sociale som faglige deltagelse. I SYKL arbejder eleverne sammen om faglige opgaver i makkerpar, hvor den ene er hjælper, den anden hjulpen, hvorefter rollerne byttes rundt. Dialogen struktureres vha. stilladskort og faglige tips. Denne artikel omhandler SYKL i dansk i 4. klasse (10-11 år). Vi undersøger, hvad der kendetegner elevernes sociofaglige deltagelse i SYKL og opgavens betydning i relation hertil. På baggrund af videoobservation og multimodal interaktionsanalyse finder vi, at elevernes sociofaglige deltagelse fremmes, hvis SYKL-opgaven er undersøgende, udfordrende, indeholder både lukkede og åbne elementer samt lægger op til, at eleverne skal gøre noget konkret ud over at samtale. Afslutningsvis diskuterer vi, hvordan pararbejdet også må ses i lyset af andre forhold som fx de sociofaglige dynamikker i elevfællesskabet

Klassekammerathjælp i matematik – når makkersamarbejdet er nyt og svært

Artiklen præsenterer et dansk interventionsprojekt om systematiseret klassekammerathjælp (SYKL) i matematik i 4. klasse, hvor elever samarbejder i makkerpar med skiftende roller som tutor og tutee. Gennem videoanalyse og interviews med elever og lærere undersøges udfordringer i makkersamarbejdet, særligt når elevernes faglige niveauer er forskellige. Analysen peger på et behov for støtte til elevernes refleksion og samarbejdsstrategier. Studiet bidrager med indsigt i, hvordan undervisningen kan tilrettelægges, så alle elever får mulighed for aktiv deltagelse i dialogbaseret matematik, og afsluttes med handleperspektiver for lærere, der ønsker at fremme inkluderende samarbejde