Predictions of SU(9)SU(9) orbifold family unification

We study predictions of orbifold family unification models with $SU(9)$ gauge group on a six-dimensional space-time including the orbifold $T^2/Z_2$, and obtain relations among sfermion masses in the supersymmetric extension of models. The models have an excellent feature that just three families of the standard model fermions exist in a pair of Weyl fermions in the $[9, 3]$ representation as four-dimensional zero modes, without accompanying any mirror particles.Comment: 14 pages, minor clarification

Family number, Wilson line phases and hidden supersymmetry

We study the relationship between the family number of chiral fermions and the Wilson line phases, based on the orbifold family unification. We find that flavor numbers are independent of the Wilson line phases relating extra-dimensional components of gauge bosons, as far as the standard model gauge symmetry is respected. This feature originates from a hidden quantum-mechanical supersymmetry.Comment: 17 pages, 1 figur

Orbifold family unification on six dimensions

We study the possibility of family unification on the basis of SU(N) gauge theory on the sixdimensional space-time, M-4 x T-2/Z(N). We obtain enormous numbers of models with three families of SU(5) matter multiplets and those with three families of the standard model multiplets, from a single massless Dirac fermion with a higher-dimensional representation of SU(N), through the orbifold breaking mechanism.ArticlePHYSICAL REVIEW D. 88(5):055016 (2013)journal articl

The study of the mechanism regulating sister chromatid cohesion and chromosome bi-orientation by cohesin subunit Pds5

学位の種別: 課程博士審査委員会委員 : （主査）東京大学教授 飯野 雄一, 東京大学准教授 大杉 美穂, 東京大学教授 小林 武彦, 東京大学教授 白髭 克彦, 東京大学教授 渡邊 嘉典University of Tokyo(東京大学

C-terminal domain of archaeal O-phosphoseryl-tRNA kinase displays large-scale motion to bind the 7-bp D-stem of archaeal tRNASec

O-Phosphoseryl-tRNA kinase (PSTK) is the key enzyme in recruiting selenocysteine (Sec) to the genetic code of archaea and eukaryotes. The enzyme phosphorylates Ser-tRNASec to produce O-phosphoseryl-tRNASec (Sep-tRNASec) that is then converted to Sec-tRNASec by Sep-tRNA:Sec-tRNA synthase. Earlier we reported the structure of the Methanocaldococcus jannaschii PSTK (MjPSTK) complexed with AMPPNP. This study presents the crystal structure (at 2.4-Å resolution) of MjPSTK complexed with an anticodon-stem/loop truncated tRNASec (Mj*tRNASec), a good enzyme substrate. Mj*tRNASec is bound between the enzyme’s C-terminal domain (CTD) and N-terminal kinase domain (NTD) that are connected by a flexible 11 amino acid linker. Upon Mj*tRNASec recognition the CTD undergoes a 62-Å movement to allow proper binding of the 7-bp D-stem. This large reorganization of the PSTK quaternary structure likely provides a means by which the unique tRNASec species can be accurately recognized with high affinity by the translation machinery. However, while the NTD recognizes the tRNA acceptor helix, shortened versions of MjPSTK (representing only 60% of the original size, in which the entire CTD, linker loop and an adjacent NTD helix are missing) are still active in vivo and in vitro, albeit with reduced activity compared to the full-length enzyme

Why Are Outcomes Different for Registry Patients Enrolled Prospectively and Retrospectively? Insights from the Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD-Atrial Fibrillation (GARFIELD-AF).

Background: Retrospective and prospective observational studies are designed to reflect real-world evidence on clinical practice, but can yield conflicting results. The GARFIELD-AF Registry includes both methods of enrolment and allows analysis of differences in patient characteristics and outcomes that may result. Methods and Results: Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and ≥1 risk factor for stroke at diagnosis of AF were recruited either retrospectively (n = 5069) or prospectively (n = 5501) from 19 countries and then followed prospectively. The retrospectively enrolled cohort comprised patients with established AF (for a least 6, and up to 24 months before enrolment), who were identified retrospectively (and baseline and partial follow-up data were collected from the emedical records) and then followed prospectively between 0-18 months (such that the total time of follow-up was 24 months; data collection Dec-2009 and Oct-2010). In the prospectively enrolled cohort, patients with newly diagnosed AF (≤6 weeks after diagnosis) were recruited between Mar-2010 and Oct-2011 and were followed for 24 months after enrolment. Differences between the cohorts were observed in clinical characteristics, including type of AF, stroke prevention strategies, and event rates. More patients in the retrospectively identified cohort received vitamin K antagonists (62.1% vs. 53.2%) and fewer received non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants (1.8% vs . 4.2%). All-cause mortality rates per 100 person-years during the prospective follow-up (starting the first study visit up to 1 year) were significantly lower in the retrospective than prospectively identified cohort (3.04 [95% CI 2.51 to 3.67] vs . 4.05 [95% CI 3.53 to 4.63]; p = 0.016). Conclusions: Interpretations of data from registries that aim to evaluate the characteristics and outcomes of patients with AF must take account of differences in registry design and the impact of recall bias and survivorship bias that is incurred with retrospective enrolment. Clinical Trial Registration: - URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier for GARFIELD-AF (NCT01090362)