Video game simulation on car driving: Analysis of participants’ gaze behavior and perception of usability, risk, and visual attention

The present article discusses video game simulation applied to research on driving a car. It presents an investigation into the ocular movements and perceptual aspects of the research subjects on their interactions in the experimental condition. Investigations into how interactions occur in this interface are important for the development of research. From the perspective of neuroergonomics, the objective was to investigate the opinion of the participants on usability, risk, and visual attention and to register the ocular movements necessary to control the vehicle in order to complement analyzes of the reported opinions. In neuroergonomics, applying simultaneous methods of analysis, especially able to explore brain activity such as through visual attention, is important to understand interactions in the human-machine interface. The results demonstrate that ocular movements (duration and frequency of fixations in areas of interest) are similar to non-simulated traffic situations. The usability of the simulator control interfaces are considered to be little similar to non-simulated conditions and modify the mode of driving the vehicle. Despite the reduced immersion provided by the simulator, the perception of risk is present, although very subjective. The reported perception of where visual attention is maintained during vehicle driving is consistent with ocular tracking records.

Video game simulation on car driving: Analysis of participants’ gaze behavior and perception of usability, risk, and visual attention

The present article discusses video game simulation applied to research on driving a car. It presents an investigation into the ocular movements and perceptual aspects of the research subjects on their interactions in the experimental condition. Investigations into how interactions occur in this interface are important for the development of research. From the perspective of neuroergonomics, the objective was to investigate the opinion of the participants on usability, risk, and visual attention and to register the ocular movements necessary to control the vehicle in order to complement analyzes of the reported opinions. In neuroergonomics, applying simultaneous methods of analysis, especially able to explore brain activity such as through visual attention, is important to understand interactions in the human-machine interface. The results demonstrate that ocular movements (duration and frequency of fixations in areas of interest) are similar to non-simulated traffic situations. The usability of the simulator control interfaces are considered to be little similar to non-simulated conditions and modify the mode of driving the vehicle. Despite the reduced immersion provided by the simulator, the perception of risk is present, although very subjective. The reported perception of where visual attention is maintained during vehicle driving is consistent with ocular tracking records.

Efeito dos movimentos sacádicos horizontal e vertical dos olhos sobre o controle postural de adultos jovens e idosos em diferentes bases de apoio

O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar o efeito dos movimentos sacádicos, horizontal e vertical, dos olhos no desempenho do controle postural de adultos jovens e idosos durante a manutenção da postura em pé em diferentes bases de apoio. Quinze adultos jovens e quinze idosos permaneceram parados em pé, sobre uma plataforma de força, nas bases de apoio bipodal e semi tandem, durante a execução de duas tarefasvisuais, fixação de um alvo e movimentos sacádicos dos olhos nas direções horizontal e vertical. O Centro de Pressão (CP) foi medido nas direções de movimento anteroposterior (AP) e médio-lateral (ML). Os resultados mostraram que a frequência AP e a área de deslocamento do CP foram menores durante os movimentos sacádicos do que durante a fixação do alvo somente para os adultos jovens. Os resultados também revelaramque os idosos tiveram maior velocidade e frequência ML de deslocamento do CP do que os adultos jovens durante a base de apoio semi tandem. Não houve efeito de direção dos movimentos sacádicos (horizontal e vertical) para adultos jovens e idosos. Os resultados sugerem que os idosos não foram capazes de realizar os ajustes posturais necessários às tarefas visuais envolvendo os movimentos sacádicos, contribuindo parauma maior instabilidade postural em comparação aos adultos jovens

Adverse effects of anxiety on attentional control differ as a function of experience: A simulated driving study

This study tested whether adverse effects of state anxiety on attention and performance may be modulated by experience. Sixteen experienced and eleven inexperienced drivers drove in a simulator under low- and high-stress conditions. Anxiety was manipulated by competition, the presence of an evaluator, external video camera, and traffic noise. Most drivers showed greater anxiety scores and higher mean heart rates following manipulation. In both groups increased state anxiety decreased car speed control and caused more collisions, accompanied by fewer fixations of longer duration towards the driving lane across a horizontally narrower region. Inexperienced drivers increased the number of short fixations towards cars, while experienced drivers increased the number of short fixations on the speedometer. Although anxiety impairs processing efficiency and performance effectiveness for both groups, attentional changes differ as a function of experience. Inexperienced drivers tended to shift attention to threatening stimuli, while experienced drives were more likely to consciously monitor task goal

The influence of anxiety on visual entropy of experienced drivers

This study tested the use of entropy to identify changes on behavior of drivers under pressure. Sixteen experienced drivers drove in a simulator wearing a head-mounted eye tracker under low- and high-anxiety conditions. Anxiety was induced by manipulating some psychological factors such as peer-pressure. Fixations transitions between AOIs (lane, speedometer and mirrors) were calculated through first-order transition matrix, transformed to Markov probability matrix and adjusted into the entropy equation. Drivers showed greater state-anxiety scores and higher mean heart rates following manipulation. Under anxiety, drivers showed higher visual entropy, indicating a more random scanning. The randomness implies into a poorer acquisition of information and may indicate an impaired top-down control of attention provoked by anxiety

Efeitos De Ansiedade E Personalidade Sobre A Condução De Automóveis: Rastreamento Ocular De Motoristas Experientes E Novatos

Objective: This Study Tested Whether Adverse Effects Of Anxiety On Attention And Performance Of Drivers May Be Modulated By Experience And Reinvestment. Method: Forty Drivers, Divided In Four Experimental Groups According To Their Driving Experience (Experienced And Novice) And Reinvestment (High-Reinvesters And Low-Reinvesters) Drove In A Simulator Under Low- And High-Anxiety Conditions. Anxiety Was Manipulated By Competition Between Participants, The Presence Of An Evaluator, External Video Camera, And Traffic Noise. Results: Drivers Showed Greater State-Anxiety Scores And Higher Mean Heart Rates Following Manipulation. In The High-Anxiety Condition Both Groups Decreased Car Speed Control And Caused More Collisions, Accompanied By Fewer Fixations Of Longer Duration Towards The Driving Lane And Rearview Mirrors. Novice Drivers Spent More Time Driving Outside The Speed Zone Compared To The Experienced Ones; In Addition, Drivers High-Reinvesters, Experienced And Novice, Showed More Time Driving In Erroneous SpObjetivo: O Presente Estudo Investigou Se Efeitos Deletérios Provocados Por Altos Níveis De Ansiedade Em Processos Atencionais E No Desempenho Motor De Motoristas Podem Ser Modulados Por Experiência E Reinvestimento. Método: Quarenta Motoristas, Divididos Em Quatro Grupos Experimentais De Acordo Com O Nível De Experiência (Experiente E Novato) E O Tipo De Reinvestimento (Alto-Reinvestidores E Baixo-Reinvestidores) Dirigiram Em Um Simulador Sob Condição De Baixa E Alta Ansiedade. A Ansiedade Foi Induzida Por Competição Entre Os Participantes, Presença De Um Avaliador E De Uma Câmera Externa E Som Simulando Barulho De Trânsito. Resultados: Motoristas Relataram Maior Nível De Ansiedade Estado E Apresentaram Frequência Cardíaca Média Mais Alta Durante A Situação Experimental. Na Condição De Alta Ansiedade, Todos Os Grupos Apresentaram Piora No Controle Da Velocidade Do Veículo E Causaram Mais Colisões, Mudanças Essas Acompanhadas Pela Redução Do Número De Fixações Na Pista E Retrovisores. Ainda, Motoristas NovatoDados abertos - Sucupira - Teses e dissertações (2018