Diet of the Common Swift (Apus apus) in the Mediterranean region

Common Swift’s diet was studied through the analysis of faeces and alimentary balls, the latter being regurgitated by adults either when mist-netted for ringing or when feeding young at nest. The alimentary balls were exclusively composed of arthropods, mainly Homoptera, Hymenoptera, Coleoptera, Heteroptera and Arachnids. Most preys are winged insects, mainly small-sized, caught at sometimes quite important distances from the breeding colony ; captures of species particularly addicted to rocks, tree crowns or flowers are noteworthy for this exclusive aerial feederLe régime alimentaire du Martinet noir (Apus apus) a été étudié à partir de l'analyse des fientes et des boulettes alimentaires, ces dernières régurgitées par les adultes soit au moment de leur capture au filet dans le cadre d'opérations de baguage soit au moment du nourrissage des jeunes au nid. Il ressort des analyses effectuées que ces boulettes se composent exclusivement d'Arthropodes, principalement d'Homoptères, d'Hyménoptères, de Coléoptères, d'Hétéroptères et d'Arachnides. La majorité des proies sont des insectes ailés généralement de petite taille, récoltés à des distances parfois importantes de la colonie d'origine mais il faut souligner la capture de proies rupicoles, frondicoles ou floricoles pour cet oiseau dont le mode de chasse est exclusivement aérien

Parasitism of swifts Apus sp. by mites of the genus Dermanyssus (Acari: Mesostigmata)

In the course of a research program on the mites of the genus Dermanyssus, parasites were collected in 2007 and 2008 on live adults and young as well as on complete (after the young fledged) or partial (unsuccessful or old) unoccupied nests of Common Swift (Apus apus) in Gard (southern France) and Pallid Swift (A. pallidus) in Corsica. Two mite species were found: Dermanyssus gallinae (on Common Swift, but sampling could have been too small for Pallid Swift) and above all a new species Dermanyssus apodis (on both Common and Pallid Swifts) which has been described in 2009. The eventual effects of these parasites on their hosts are briefly discussed

Le régime alimentaire du Martinet noir Apus apus en région méditerranéenne

Diet of the Common Swift (Apus apus) in the Mediterranean region. — Common Swift’s diet was studied through the analysis of faeces and alimentary balls, the latter being regurgitated by adults either when mist-netted for ringing or when feeding young at nest. The alimentary balls were exclusively composed of arthropods, mainly Homoptera, Hymenoptera, Coleoptera, Heteroptera and Arachnids. Most preys are winged insects, mainly small-sized, caught at sometimes quite important distances from the breeding colony ; captures of species particularly addicted to rocks, tree crowns or flowers are noteworthy for this exclusive aerial feeder.Le régime alimentaire du Martinet noir (Apus apus) a été étudié à partir de l’analyse des fientes et des boulettes alimentaires, ces dernières régurgitées par les adultes soit au moment de leur capture au filet dans le cadre d’opérations de baguage soit au moment du nourrissage des jeunes au nid. Il ressort des analyses effectuées que ces boulettes se composent exclusivement d’Arthropodes, principalement d’Homoptères, d’Hyménoptères, de Coléoptères, d’Hétéroptères et d’Arachnides. La majorité des proies sont des insectes ailés généralement de petite taille, récoltés à des distances parfois importantes de la colonie d’origine mais il faut souligner la capture de proies rupicoles, frondicoles ou floricoles pour cet oiseau dont le mode de chasse est exclusivement aérien.Gory Gérard. Le régime alimentaire du Martinet noir Apus apus en région méditerranéenne. In: Revue d'Écologie (La Terre et La Vie), tome 63, n°3, 2008. pp. 251-260

Parasitisme des martinets Apus sp. par des acariens du genre Dermanyssus (Acari : Mesostigmata )

Summary. — Parasitism of swifts Apus sp. by mites of the genus Dermanyssus (Acari : Mesostigmata).— In the course of a research program on the mites of the genus Dermanyssus, parasites were collected in 2007 and 2008 on live adults and young as well as on complete (after the young fledged) or partial (unsuccessful or old) unoccupied nests of Common Swift (Apus apus) in Gard (southern France) and Pallid Swift (A. pallidus) in Corsica. Two mite species were found : Dermanyssus gallinae (on Common Swift, but sampling could have been too small for Pallid Swift) and above all a new species Dermanyssus apodis (on both Common and Pallid Swifts) which has been described in 2009. The eventual effects of these parasites on their hosts are briefly discussed.Gory Gérard, Roy Lise. Parasitisme des martinets Apus sp. par des acariens du genre Dermanyssus (Acari : Mesostigmata ). In: Revue d'Écologie (La Terre et La Vie), tome 65, n°4, 2010. pp. 385-390

Conscious Sedation versus Local Anesthesia During Thrombectomy for Acute Ischemic Stroke, Do We Have a Winner?

International audienc

Impact of Strategy on Clinical Outcome in Large Vessel Occlusion Stroke Successfully Reperfused: ETIS Registry Results

International audienceBACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Approximately half of the patients with acute ischemic stroke due to anterior circulation large vessel occlusion do not achieve functional independence despite successful reperfusion. We aimed to determine influence of reperfusion strategy (bridging therapy, intravenous thrombolysis alone, or mechanical thrombectomy alone) on clinical outcomes in this population. METHODS: From ongoing, prospective, multicenter, observational Endovascular Treatment in Ischemic Stroke registry in France, all patients with anterior circulation large vessel occlusion who achieved successful reperfusion (modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction 2b-3) following reperfusion therapy were included. Primary end point was favorable outcome, defined as 90-day modified Rankin Scale score ≤2. Patient groups were compared using those treated with bridging therapy as reference. Differences in baseline characteristics were reduced after propensity score-matching, with a maximum absolute standardized difference of 14% for occlusion site. RESULTS: Among 1872 patients included, 970 (51.8%) received bridging therapy, 128 (6.8%) received intravenous thrombolysis alone, and the remaining 774 (41.4%) received MT alone. The rate of favorable outcome was comparable between groups. Excellent outcome (90-day modified Rankin Scale score 0-1) was achieved more frequently in the bridging therapy group compared with the MT alone (odds ratio after propensity score-matching, 0.70 [95% CI, 0.50-0.96]). Regarding safety outcomes, hemorrhagic complications were similar between the groups, but 90-day mortality was significantly higher in the MT alone group compared with the bridging therapy group (odds ratio, 1.60 [95% CI, 1.09-2.37]). CONCLUSIONS: This real-world observational study of patients with anterior circulation large vessel occlusion demonstrated a similar rate of favorable outcome following successful reperfusion with different therapeutic strategies. However, our results suggest that bridging therapy compared with MT alone is significantly associated with excellent clinical outcome and lower mortality

Time from I.V. Thrombolysis to Thrombectomy and Outcome in Acute Ischemic Stroke

International audienceObjective: Whether the time from intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) to endovascular treatment (EVT) in patients with acute ischemic stroke has an effect on the functional outcome is unknown. Methods: The Endovascular Treatment in Ischemic Stroke (ETIS) registry is an ongoing, prospective, multicenter, observational study that perform EVT in France. Data were analyzed from patients treated by IVT and EVT between October 2013 and December 2018 in 6 comprehensive stroke centers. In the primary analysis, we assessed the association of time from IVT administration to start of EVT with functional outcome (measured with the modified Rankin Scale [mRS]), by means of ordinal logistic regression. Secondary end points included angiographic and safety outcomes. Results: We analyzed 1,986 patients with acute ischemic stroke due to anterior circulation large vessel occlusion who underwent IVT and EVT. An increased IVT to start of EVT time was associated with a worse functional outcome at 90 days (mRS = 0–2, adjusted odds ratio [OR] per 30 minutes increase in time = 0.91, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.86–0.96; mRS = 0–1, adjusted OR per 30 minutes increase in time = 0.89, 95% CI = 0.84–0.94), a lower chance of modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction (mTICI) grade 2b to 3 reperfusion (adjusted OR per 30 minutes increase in time = 0.93, 95% CI = 0.87–0.98), and an increased probability of symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (adjusted OR per 30 minutes increase in time = 1.09, 95% CI = 0.99–1.18). Interpretation: These findings provide a basis for further studies to determine if the functional outcome of patients with stroke can be greatly improved by optimizing IVT to EVT times. ANN NEUROL 2021;89:511–519

Age and Outcome after Endovascular Treatment in Anterior Circulation Large-Vessel Occlusion Stroke: ETIS Registry Results

International audienceBackground: Increasing patient age has been identified in clinical trials as a poor prognostic factor for functional independence after endovascular treatment (EVT) for acute ischemic stroke. These findings may not be fully generalizable to clinical practice due to strict inclusion and exclusion criteria in these trials. We aim to assess and quantify the association of patient age, especially in patients >80 and >90 years old, with functional outcome after EVT in current, everyday clinical practice. Methods: The ETIS (Endovascular Treatment in Ischemic Stroke) Registry is an ongoing, prospective, observational study of 6 comprehensive stroke centers in France. We analyzed 1,708 patients treated between January 2017 and December 2018 and assessed the association of patient age with functional outcome adjusting for demographic and procedural predictors of functional outcome. Results: The positive effect of mechanical thrombectomy diminished significantly with increasing age: compared to the 18-80 years age group, the odds for achieving a good functional outcome at 90 days after the procedure decreased in the 80-90 and >90 years groups (multilevel OR: 0.38, 95% CI: 0.28-0.51 and OR: 0.2, 95% CI: 0.09-0.45, respectively, p 90 years group). Conclusion: Patient age is strongly associated with functional outcome after EVT for acute ischemic stroke. The positive effect of thrombectomy persists in older age groups, even after adjustment for prognostic factors related to poor functional outcome. Stroke physicians should provide EVT irrespective of the patient's age

Local Anesthesia Without Sedation During Thrombectomy for Anterior Circulation Stroke Is Associated With Worse Outcome

International audienceBACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The best anesthetic management for mechanical thrombectomy of large vessel occlusion strokes is still uncertain and could impact the quality of reperfusion and clinical outcome. We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety outcomes between local anesthesia (LA) and conscious sedation in a large cohort of acute ischemic stroke patients with anterior circulation large vessel occlusion strokes treated with mechanical thrombectomy in current, everyday clinical practice. METHODS: Patients undergoing mechanical thrombectomy for anterior large vessel occlusion strokes at 4 comprehensive stroke centers in France between January 1, 2018, and December 31, 2018, were pooled from the ongoing prospective multicenter observational Endovascular Treatment in Ischemic Stroke Registry in France. Intention-to-treat and per-protocol analyses were used. RESULTS: Among the included 1034 patients, 762 were included in the conscious sedation group and 272 were included in the LA group. In the propensity score matched cohort, the rate of favorable outcome (90-day modified Rankin Scale score 0-2) was significantly lower in the LA group than in the conscious sedation group (40.0% versus 52.0%, matched relative risk=0.76 [95% CI, 0.60-0.97]), as well as the rate of successful reperfusion (modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction grade 2b-3; 76.6% versus 87.1%; matched relative risk=0.88 [95% CI, 0.79-0.98]). There was no difference in procedure time between the 2 groups. In the inverse probability of treatment weighting-propensity score-adjusted cohort, similar significant differences were found for favorable outcomes and successful reperfusion. In inverse probability of treatment weighting-propensity score-adjusted cohort, a higher rate of 90-day mortality and a lower parenchymal hematoma were observed after LA. The sensitivity analysis restricted to our per-protocol sample provided similar results in the matched- and inverse probability of treatment weighting-propensity cohorts. CONCLUSIONS: In the Endovascular Treatment in Ischemic Stroke registry mainly included patients in early time window (<6 hours), LA was associated with lower odds of favorable outcome, successful reperfusion, and higher odds of mortality compared with conscious sedation for mechanical thrombectomy of large vessel occlusi

Effect of an individualized versus standard blood pressure management during mechanical thrombectomy for anterior ischemic stroke: the DETERMINE randomized controlled trial.

International audienceBackgroundHypotension and blood pressure (BP) variability during endovascular therapy (EVT) for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) due to an anterior large vessel occlusion (LVO) is associated with worse outcomes. However, the optimal BP threshold during EVT is still unknown given the lack of randomized controlled evidence. We designed the DETERMINE trial to assess whether an individualized BP management during EVT could achieve better functional outcomes compared to a standard BP management.MethodsThe DETERMINE trial is a multicenter, prospective, randomized, controlled, open-label, blinded endpoint clinical trial (PROBE design). AIS patients with a proximal anterior LVO are randomly assigned, in a 1:1 ratio, to an experimental arm in which mean arterial pressure (MAP) is maintained within 10% of the first MAP measured before EVT, or a control arm in which systolic BP (SBP) is maintained within 140–180 mm Hg until reperfusion is achieved or artery closure in case of EVT failure. The primary outcome is the rate of favorable functional outcomes, defined by a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) between 0 and 2 at 90 days. Secondary outcomes include excellent outcome and ordinal analysis of the mRS at 90 days, early neurological improvement at 24 h (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale), final infarct volume, symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage rates, and all-cause mortality at 90 days. Overall, 432 patients will be included.DiscussionDETERMINE will assess the clinical relevance of an individualized BP management before reperfusion compared to the one size fits all approach currently recommended by international guidelines