1-(2-Hy­droxy­benzo­yl)thio­semicarbazide hemihydrate

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C8H9N3O2S·0.5H2O, contains two thiosemicarbazide mol­ecules with the short distance of 3.521 (3) Å between the centroids of the benzene rings, and one water mol­ecule. In the two independent mol­ecules, the benzene rings and the thio­semicarbazone fragments are twisted at 9.2 (3) and 18.5 (3)°. An extensive three-dimensional hydrogen-bonding network, formed by inter­molecular N—H⋯O, N—H⋯S and O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, consolidates the crystal packing

A Linear Programming Approach to the Optimum Farm Organizations for Selected Farm Sizes Under Dryland and Partially Irrigated Conditions in the Missouri Slope Region of the Oahe Unit

What will the optimum farm organizations yield in terms of net income to the farmer? The purpose of this study was to answer this question for the selected farm sizes. The question was answered through the use of linear programming. The selected farm sizes were 640, 1280, and 2560 acre dryland farms and 560, 1080, and 2240 acre partially irrigated farms. The supply of labor available was 240 man hours per month and 2500 total man hours per year from the farm operator and his family and also whatever more could be profitably hired. The farm was completely operator owned and had the necessary machinery, equipment, and buildings to carry out any specified farm program. The necessary capital to inaugurate an irrigation system could be raised. Only typical activities were considered in the model. The study indicated that partially irrigated farming was more profitable than dryland farming for each farm size group. The study indicates that the increase in net return to the large partially irrigated farm was substantially reduced as compared to the increase in net return of the medium partially irrigated farm over the small. The returns to land were greater for the partially irrigated farms which would seem to indicate a preference for the partially irrigated farming over a complete dryland farming system

Prioritized Detection of Personally Familiar Faces

We investigated whether personally familiar faces are preferentially processed in conditions of reduced attentional resources and in the absence of conscious awareness. In the first experiment, we used Rapid Serial Visual Presentation (RSVP) to test the susceptibility of familiar faces and faces of strangers to the attentional blink. In the second experiment, we used continuous flash interocular suppression to render stimuli invisible and measured face detection time for personally familiar faces as compared to faces of strangers. In both experiments we found an advantage for detection of personally familiar faces as compared to faces of strangers. Our data suggest that the identity of faces is processed with reduced attentional resources and even in the absence of awareness. Our results show that this facilitated processing of familiar faces cannot be attributed to detection of low-level visual features and that a learned unique configuration of facial features can influence preconscious perceptual processing

Processing of invisible social cues.

AbstractSuccessful interactions between people are dependent on rapid recognition of social cues. We investigated whether head direction – a powerful social signal – is processed in the absence of conscious awareness. We used continuous flash interocular suppression to render stimuli invisible and compared the reaction time for face detection when faces were turned towards the viewer and turned slightly away. We found that faces turned towards the viewer break through suppression faster than faces that are turned away, regardless of eye direction. Our results suggest that detection of a face with attention directed at the viewer occurs even in the absence of awareness of that face. While previous work has demonstrated that stimuli that signal threat are processed without awareness, our data suggest that the social relevance of a face, defined more broadly, is evaluated in the absence of awareness